Wassyl Patschowskyj

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Cyrillic ( Ukrainian )
Василь Миколайович Пачовський
Transl. : Vasyl 'Mikolajovyč Pačovs'kyj
Transcr. : Wassyl Mikolajowytsch Patschowskyj
Cyrillic ( Russian )
Василий Николаевич Пачовский
Transl .: Vasilij Nikolaevič Pačovskij
Transcr .: Vasily Nikolaevich Pachovsky
Wassyl Patschowskyj

Wassyl Mikolajowytsch Patschowskyj (born January 12, 1878 in Schulytschi , Galicia , Austria-Hungary ; † April 5, 1942 in Lemberg , Generalgouvernement ) was a Galician- Ukrainian writer / poet , high school teacher , university lecturer , philosopher and historian . His most important works are Scattered Pearls (1901), Auf der Wegscheide (1907), Mein Dornfeuer for Lada and Marena (1913), dramatic works such as The Dream of a Ukrainian Night (1902), The Ruin Sun (1909).

Life

Vasyl Patschowskyj was born on January 12, 1878 in Shulychi in what is now the Ukrainian Oblast of Lviv . The father was a village pastor and patriot , his mother Maria came from a family in which there were also many priests. From 1886 Patschowskyj attended school and in 1889 switched to the Polish school in Solochiv . After his father died in 1891, the family often starved. He studied medicine at the University of Lemberg and history at the University of Vienna and, after graduating in 1909, taught in various high schools, such as B. in the Uzhhorod high school in Zakarpattia and in Galicia at the Lviv and Przemyśl high schools .

Pachovskyi's first poems appeared in 1900. In 1906 he was one of the founders of the modern group of poets " Young Muse ". Fellow campaigners were u. a. Bohdan Lepkyj , Petro Karmanskyj , Mychajlo Jackiv and Stepan Čarnetsky . They demanded the "right to purely aesthetic and individual motives [such as] loneliness, disappointed love, longing, the vanity of life". Movements like realism , which saw art in the service of society and politics, were rejected. The aim of the “Young Muse” was also “to unite the Ukrainian national tradition with the new European literary tendencies”. The group disbanded as early as 1909, as they were little appreciated by contemporary audiences because of their claim to pure aesthetics and were also heavily criticized by renowned realists such as Iwan Franko and Serhij Jefremov . The criticism, however, was not the literary talent of the members of the “Young Muse”, but rather their alleged refusal to actively support the emerging nation-state with their literature. Despite Patschowskyj's claim to pure aesthetics of literature, he was also a patriot and felt very close to the Ukraine, as shown by works such as Ukrajinci, jak Narod (1917), Istorija Podkarpats'koji Rusy (1920-22) and Istorija Zakarpattja (1945) . The idea of ​​reviving the Ukrainian state can be found primarily in his dramas, such as B. The Dream of a Ukrainian Night (1903) and The Ruin Sun (1909). The fact that he wanted an independent and unified state of Ukraine was evident in his commitment during the First World War as the cultural representative of The Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (Soiuz Vyzvolennia Ukrajiny). This was an organization made up of Ukrainian emigrants from the Russian Empire who settled in Austria-Hungary and Germany during the First World War. Its members were mainly socialists from central Ukraine who had fled or been deported to Austria. Their claim was to represent the Ukrainians who were under Russian rule. They tried to use the war against Russia to create an independent Ukrainian state with a constitutional monarchy and democratic structures. At that time Ukraine was still divided into Eastern Ukraine under Russian influence and Western Ukraine under Austrian influence.

1915–1918 Patschowskyj taught history and Ukrainian to Ukrainians in Austrian prison camps . This was part of the German program to strengthen the Ukrainian national feeling in order to weaken the military opponent Russia. In the course of his life he was also involved in the editing and publishing of several newspapers, such as For example, the magazine “Svit” (The World) published with the group “Young Muse”, the newspaper “Strilec '” (The Shooter), which appeared during his military service in the Ukrainian-Galician army (1918-19), and the magazine “ Narod “(The People) in the 20's. From 1941 he taught the Ukrainian language at the University of Lviv. Patschowskyj froze to death on April 5, 1942 in Lviv during the Second World War.

Works

  • Нарис історії мініатюри по рукописям (A Survey of the History of Illuminations). Peremyšl ', 1913
  • Українці, як народ (Ukrainians as a nation). New York, 1917
  • Історія Подкарпатської Руси, т. 1-2 (History of Subcarpathian Rus'). Ušhorod, 1920-22
  • Світова місія України . (Svitova micija Ukrajihy) Peremyšl ', 1933
  • Іван Мазепа, життя й діяльність . (Ivan Mazepa, žyttja j dijal'nict ') Lemberg, 1937
  • Срібна земля: Тисячоліття Карпатської України: Нарис історії з мапою (The Silver Land: A Millennium of Carpathian Ukraine). Lviv, 1938
  • Історія Закарпаття (History of Transcarpathia). Munich, 1945
  • Конструктивні ідеї державності та космічна місія української нації «Український світ». (Konstruktyvni ideji deršavnosti ta kosmična misija ukrajinc'koji haciji) 1945, № 1/3
  • Зібрані твори, т. 1-2 (Collected Poetic Works). Philadelphia - New York - Toronto, 1985
  • В пам'ять гетьмана Івана Мазепи і битви під Полтавою . (V pam'jat hetmana Ivana Mazepy i bytvy pid Poltavoju)

(Note: English title from Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine )

Collections

  • Розсипані перли (Scattered Pearls). 1901
  • На стоці гір (On the Mountain Slopes). 1907
  • Ладі та Марені терновий огонь мій (My thorn fire for Lada and Marena). 1913

Dramas

  • Сон української ночі (The dream of a Ukrainian night). 1903
  • Сонце Руїни (The Ruin Sun). 1909
  • Сфінкс Європи (The Sphinx of Europe). Lviv, 1914
  • Роман Великий (Prince Roman the Great). Lviv, 1918
  • Гетьман Мазепа (Het'man Mazepa). Peremyšl ', 1933

Secondary literature

  • Anna-Halja Horbatsch: Discovering Ukrainian literature. A German-Ukrainian reader with prose texts on cultural and literary history. Brodina, Reichelsheim 2001, ISBN 3-931180-13-1 . P. 50.
  • Anna-Halja Horbatsch: Ukraine as reflected in its literature. Poetry as a people's way of survival. Contributions. Brodina, Reichelsheim 1997, ISBN 3-931180-04-2 . Pp. 39, 50.
  • Dmytro Čyževs'kyj , George SN Luckyj : A History of Ukrainian Literature. From the 11th to the End of the 19th Century with An Overview of the Twentieth Century. Ukrainian Academic Press, Englewood 1975. pp. 618, 689-693.
  • Академiя Наук Української РСР: Iсторiя Української Лiтератури. Том П'ятий / Шостий. Наукова Думка, Киiв 1968. (Akademija Hauk Ukrajins'koji RSR: Istorija Ukrajins'koji Literatury. Tom P''jatyj / Šostyj. Naukova Dumka, Kyiv 1968)
  • Jurij Kossatsch: Ukrainian literature of the present. Ukrainian culture, Regensburg 1947. p. 12.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Anna-Halja Horbatsch: Discover the Ukrainian literature. A German-Ukrainian reader with prose texts on cultural and literary history. Brodina, Reichelsheim 2001, ISBN 3-931180-13-1 . P. 50.
  2. ↑ ukrlit.vn.ua
  3. ↑ encyclopediaofukraine.com
  4. ↑ a b Anna-Halja Horbatsch: The Ukraine in the mirror of its literature. Poetry as a people's way of survival. Contributions. Brodina, Reichelsheim 1997, ISBN 3-931180-04-2 . P. 39.
  5. ↑ encyclopediaofukraine.com
  6. ↑ encyclopediaofukraine.com
  7. ↑ zolochiv.net
personal data
SURNAME Patschowskyj, Wassyl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Пачовський, Василь Миколайович (Ukrainian); Patschowskyj, Wassyl Mikolajowytsch (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Galician-Ukrainian writer, philosopher and historian
DATE OF BIRTH January 12, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Shulychi , Galicia , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH April 5, 1942
Place of death Lviv , General Government