Weber card

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Weber card
Dipsacus sativus-17.jpg

Weber teasel ( Dipsacus sativus )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Cardigans (Dipsacales)
Family : Honeysuckle Family (Caprifoliaceae)
Subfamily : Cardaceae (Dipsacoideae)
Genre : Cards ( Dipsacus )
Type : Weber card
Scientific name
Dipsacus sativus
( L. ) Honck.

The Weber-carder ( Dipsacus sativus (L.) Honck. , Syn. Dipsacus fullonum Huds. Non L. ), also suede, wool or Tuchkarde is also carding thistle or Kardel called and is a plant type from the subfamily of the Dipsacaceae (Dipsacoideae). Today it is often only regarded as a subspecies ( Dipsacus fullonum L. subsp. Sativus (L.) Thell. ) Of the wild teasel ( Dipsacus fullonum L. ).

description

Ripe Weber teasel
Dipsacus sativus , infructescence and seeds

The Weber teasel, like the very similar wild teasel, is a biennial plant. In the Weber-card which are bracts from horizontal while they are bent in the wild-card upward. In addition, their chaff leaves are wider, shorter, rigid and curved backwards at the tip. This hook-shaped curvature makes the card usable for the textile industry.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

use

The name of Weber karde (or Weber thistle and Wolf comb ) is derived from the fact that the pin-like, but resilient tips of the dried fruit object are adapted to the surface of wool fabrics to roughen without tearing it. This creates a flannel-like, fluffy surface. Numerous fruit clusters were pierced lengthways and mounted on a device rotating next to and behind one another on an axis that was guided over the woolen material. A representation from one of the house books of the Nuremberg Twelve Brothers Foundation from 1545 shows a "card maker" who was already making these devices. Other images from the same book show a "ferber" (dyer) and a draper how they use the card to comb the fabric. After some use, the tips will wear out and the fruit heads will need to be replaced, so more modern scrapers use wire. Because of this use, the so-called thistle card was the guild mark of the cloth makers . Today this elaborate method is only used in the production of high-quality wool fabrics, etc. a. Felt for pool tables , use.

Distribution and location

The Weber teasel is known as a cultivated plant in our latitudes and only occurs wild in the western Mediterranean region. It is possible that it originally descended from Dipsacus ferox . The Weber card was imported from France to Germany in the 19th century and cultivated on a large scale . The last commercial cultivation area in the German-speaking area was in the Austrian Mühlviertel ; the local card cooperative was dissolved in 1955 .

The wild teasel is a weed in Europe and the Middle East , on stony, calcareous and nitrogenous soils, in alluvial forests and on embankments up to an altitude of 1000 meters. The overgrown, genuine Weber card, on the other hand, is referred to as "lost" in newer floriculture plants for Germany. Reports of finds are regularly due to confusion with the wild carder. This also often applies to offers from seed dealers.

Heraldic sign

A weaver card is shown in green in the coat of arms of Katsdorf , Mühlviertel, Upper Austria. The Upper Swabian Baienfurt also manages the plant in this way.

The Heimatverein Katsdorf and the surrounding area , which operates the Katsdorf card and local history museum , has 3 Weber cards in its oval logo.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner Rothmaler, Eckehart J. Jäger: Exkursionsflora von Deutschland (Volume 2) Vascular Plants: Basic Volume . Elsevier GmbH, Munich, 2005, p. 376, ISBN 3-8274-1600-0
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  885 .
  3. ↑ See also Hermann Paul : German Dictionary. 3. Edition. Halle an der Saale 1921, 656 ("the wool was wolfed").
  4. ↑ http://www.nuernberger-hausbuecher.de/75-Amb-2-317-166-v [viewed on September 16, 2013]
  5. ↑ http://www.nuernberger-hausbuecher.de/75-Amb-2-317-156-v
  6. ↑ http://www.nuernberger-hausbuecher.de/75-Amb-2-317-131-v

Web links

Commons : Weber-Karde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files