White (Cologne)

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Coat of arms of Cologne
Weiß
district 209 of Cologne
Cologne Rodenkirchen Weiß.svg
Coordinates 50 ° 52 '38 "  N , 7 ° 1' 39"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 52 '38 "  N , 7 ° 1' 39"  E
surface 4.16 km²
Residents 6003 (December 31, 2017)
Population density 1443 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Jan. 1, 1975
Post Code 50999
prefix 02236
Borough Rodenkirchen (2)
Transport links
Bus routes 131 134
Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information

Weiß is a district in the south of the city of Cologne on the left bank of the Rhine and administratively belongs to the Rodenkirchen district .

location

Weiß borders the Rhine in the east , the section of which here is known as the Weißer Rheinbogen . On the other side of the Rhine are the Cologne districts of Ensen , Porz and Zündorf . In the west, Weiß borders directly on the Cologne districts of Rodenkirchen and Sürth .

history

Weißer Rheinbogen, evening view upstream from the Schwaadeck (at the level of the chapel) towards Sürth and Godorf .

The first reliable historical mention of the place took place in 1130 in connection with a decision by Friedrich I , the archbishop of Cologne at the time. In 1238, the canon of St. Georg in Cologne, Bertolfus, bequeathed a certain amount of wine to his monastery at Wise near Soride (white near Sürth). The place name was often spelled differently, e.g. B. Wisse , Wishe or Wijss . On the map by Abraham Hogenberg , dated 1610, there is again Wyß . Basically the place name is of Old High German origin and means something like meadow .

The old one to two-story brick and half-timbered houses in the historic town center, often incorrectly referred to as fishermen's houses, are still characteristic of white today. Its historical past is also evident from street names such as “Treidelpfad” and “Leinpfad”. Like the neighboring towns of Rodenkirchen and Sürth, Weiß was heavily devastated in the course of the war between the German King Albrecht I and the Archbishop of Cologne Wiebold around 1302. The most important court in white was the Plasserhof, whose name was later changed to Pflasterhof. Used as a knightly fiefdom of the Archbishop of Cologne and other owners, it was also temporarily owned by the City of Cologne. Eventually the farm went to the Hilger family.

The origin of white is the old St. Georg chapel , popularly known as the White Chapel , which was first mentioned in a document in 1433. It was badly damaged during the Second World War , but in 1965 and most recently in 1982 it was largely restored and renovated by the residents themselves. The right to drive on the Rhine in Sürth and Weiß was owned by the St. Georg Abbey in Cologne. A ferryman had to obtain permission to practice his trade from the dean and the chapter of the monastery and pay for it. The fishery and tithe, on the other hand, owned the St. Severin Monastery in Cologne.

Politically, white has belonged to the Brühl office in the Electorate of Cologne since the Middle Ages . In 1794, white was occupied by French troops and came to the Mairie Rondorf in the canton of Brühl in the Arrondissement de Cologne in the Département de la Roer . In 1815 white came to the Kingdom of Prussia and in 1816 to the mayor's office in Rondorf in the Cologne district . It was incorporated into Cologne in 1975.

After the Second World War, several new building areas were built outside the center of the village, increasingly connecting the town with Rodenkirchen and Sürth. Today, Weiß offers a wide variety of recreational opportunities along the Rhine, especially in the protected area of ​​the Weißer Rheinbogen .

Demographic statistics

Structure of the population of white:

  • Share of under 18s: 18.3% (2014)
  • Proportion of over 64 year olds: 23.6% (2014)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 8.4% (2015)
  • Unemployment rate: 5.1% (2014)

Flood

The recurring floods of the Rhine are a major problem in White History. Floods and destruction have been documented since 1100. There were major floods in particular in 1496, 1497, 1776, 1784 , 1819 and 1820. By planting willows on the silted up soil, attempts were made to protect the vineyards of the various clerical landowners near the banks. Viticulture, which was still operated in white until the end of the 18th century, was assessed extremely critically by the Cologne Council. There it was feared that the Rhine would be displaced from its bed as a result of the willow planting. In a historical chronicle, one can look up the effects of the floods of 1819 for Weiß. At that time, the paved courtyard and neighboring houses were sometimes flooded over the roofs.

During the last great Cologne flood of the century in 1995, there was no major damage to Weiß. The place was on the Rhine side and surrounded by the Weißer Rheinbogen in large areas of flooded areas, some of which reached up to Weißer Straße at the level of Ludwigstraße. Some houses were affected. Not the level of the Rhine, but the rising groundwater caused damage in the houses. In comparison to Rodenkirchen or Cologne's old town, however, it must be stated for recent history that the flood risk for the white residents is comparatively low. In 2007 the white was included in the flood protection of the city of Cologne on a large scale. A new flood protection dam was built on the edge of the town through the White Arch of the Rhine , which is supposed to protect the entire town from floods of up to 11.30 m.

Krokolino Rhine ferry

Rhine ferry Weiß-Zündorf

A nationally known white institution are the small ferries of the ferryman Heiko Dietrich called Krokodil and Krokolino , which cross over to the Zündorfer Groov leisure facility in the Zündorf district on the right bank of the Rhine . Many walkers and cyclists use this Rhine crossing for their excursions when the weather is nice. The ferry season starts in March and lasts until autumn. The landing stage is in white at the end of the Pflasterhofweg. The ferry commutes in the summer season, in spring and autumn it runs less often, sometimes only on weekends.

Catholic Church of St. George
St. George's Chapel

religion

There are two church buildings in white:

The Protestant community also belongs to the Church of the Resurrection in Sürth.

Personalities

See also

literature

  • Hiltrud Kier (Ed.): Cologne: Villages in the south of the left bank of the Rhine (= city ​​traces - monuments in Cologne , volume 12). Bachem Verlag, Cologne 1990, ISBN 3-7616-1004-1 .
  • Dorfgemeinschaft Weiß, design: Hans Günther Gröner, Uwe Ladehoff: Weißer Bilder , 25 prints of ink drawings by Anna M'barek, M. Böhm, Peter Böhm , J. Patzlaff and Clemens Hillebrand , Köln-Weiß, 1973.
  • Peter Pies: The community of white near Cologne, Volume 2, population structures and living conditions in the period from around 1780 to 1850 , Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg, 2013. ISBN 978-3-938535-95-0
  • Peter Pies: The community of Weiß near Cologne in the mirror of personal observations, official announcements and demographic data in the period from 1814 to 1840. From the records of Paulus Krauss, mayor of Weiß. Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-938535-76-9 .
  • Peter Pies: The St. George's Church in Cologne-Weiß and the other cultural monuments in the community. Cologne 1994.
  • Peter Pies: Weiß am Rhein (Volume 5) in old and new views, Rheinlandia-Verlag, Siegburg, 2018. ISBN 978-3-945953-10-5 .
  • Ralf Reglin: Rodenkirchen and more ... - An expedition through the South of Cologne from B to Z . Ralf Reglin Verlag, Cologne 2017, ISBN 978-3-930620-73-9 .

Web links

Commons : Köln-Weiß  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  2. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  3. ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  4. ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  5. ↑ Kölnkroko ferry