Incense cedar
| Incense cedar | ||||||||||||
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California incense cedar ( Calocedrus decurrens ), branch with mature female cones |
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| Calocedrus | ||||||||||||
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The incense cedar ( Calocedrus ) is a genus in the subfamily Cupressoideae within the family of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). The four species occur from the western United States to Mexico and in Asia .
description
Frankincense cedars are evergreen trees that reach a height of 15 to 46 (rarely 57) m and a trunk diameter of 1.0 to 1.5 (rarely 3.6) m. The thick bark makes them relatively resistant to fire. The scaly leaves are up to 3 mm long.
Frankincense cedars are monoecious ( monoecious ). Female and male cones are on different branches. The male cones are elongated. The woody female cones are oval and 17 to 30 mm in size. One or two winged seeds develop per fertile cone scale, with one long and one short wing. The pollen count is in spring and the seeds ripen in the same year. The seedlings have two seed leaves ( cotyledons ).
distribution
The individual species have ranges in the western USA and Mexico as well as in Myanmar , China , Taiwan and Vietnam . (More detailed information on the distribution in the individual species.)
Systematics
The genus Calocedrus was established in 1873 by Sulpiz Kurz in Journal of Botany, British and Foreign , 11, p. 196. Synonyms for Calocedrus Kurz are Heyderia K.Koch and Libocedrus sensu Benth. et Hook. The botanical genus name Calocedrus is derived from the Greek words: kallos for "beautiful" and kedros for " cedar ".
There are about four species in the genus Frankincense Cedar ( Calocedrus ):
- California incense cedar ( Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin ): Native to the western USA and Mexico in mountains at altitudes between 300 and 2800 m above sea level. NN. This type of wood has long been used in North America to make pencils.
- Formosa incense cedar ( Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Florin ): The home is only Taiwan: In the northern and central areas of the island at altitudes between 33 and 1900 m above sea level. NN.
- Chinese Frankincense Cedar ( Calocedrus macrolepis short ): The areas are in: Myanmar (known under the names Burma and Burma), China in the provinces: Guangxi , Guizhou , Hainan and Yunnan at altitudes between 300 and 2000 m above sea level. NN, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam at altitudes over 900 m above sea level. NN in evergreen, subtropical forests.
- Calocedrus rupestris Aver., THNguyen & PKLoc : Found in Vietnam and western Guangxi. Was first described in 2004.
use
In the home countries and many other countries around the world, they are used as ornamental plants .
The weather-resistant wood is used, for example, to make furniture.
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Calocedrus Kurz. on: conifers.org (section description, distribution and systematics)
- Liguo Fu, Yong-fu Yu, Robert P. Adams, Aljos Farjon: Cupressaceae . Calocedrus . In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Calocedrus , pp. 64-65 (English, Calocedrus - online ).
- Walter Erhardt u. a .: The big pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Armin Jagel, Veit Dörken: Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part II. Cupressoideae. In: Bulletin of the Cupressus Conservation Project , number 9, volume 4, no. 2, October 20, 2015, pp. 51–78 ( PDF )
- ↑ Calocedrus macrolepis. In: TROPICOS. www.tropicos.org, accessed on August 21, 2011 .
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Calocedrus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
