Wendenstrasse (Braunschweig)

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Wendenstrasse
coat of arms
Street in Braunschweig
Wendenstrasse
Gate clerk house Wendentor 1 / corner of Schubertstrasse, seen from Wendenstrasse.
Basic data
place Braunschweig
District Hagen
Created 12./13. century
Newly designed after 1945
Hist. Names platea slavorum
Connecting roads to the north: Am Wendentor;
to the south: Hagenmarkt
Cross streets to the west: Werder, Kaiserstraße, Geiershagen;
to the east: Wilhelmstrasse , Bockstwete
use
User groups Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic , public transport

The Wendenstraße in the city of Braunschweig runs from the south lying Hagenmarkt to the north, where they in the street On Wendentor passes. The street, formerly characterized by half - timbered houses , lost its original character due to the destruction during the Second World War and subsequent redesigns.

history

The Wendenstraße running in the soft area of Hagen was designated as platea Slavorum in 1268 , which led to the north-lying area of ​​the West Slavic Wends . The gate at the northern end of Wendenstrasse was mentioned in a document in 1250 as valva Slavorum and in 1312 as Wendendor . An identical name platea slavorum / Wendenstraße / Wendentor can be found in the Hanseatic city of Rostock . Apparently there is no name connection in Braunschweig with the town of Wenden , located north of the city gates , whose name origin is not connected with the Slavic tribe of the Wends. In 1031 the place is documented as Guinithum , in 1211 Wineden was written , Wenethen in 1250 and finally Wenden in 1309 . On old maps, the Wendenstrasse ran through the Wendenmasch to Wenden. To the west of the Wendenstrasse was the Werder on an island, which was mentioned as an insula as early as 1305 . The place where the Werder merges into Wendenstrasse was called a shield . The chronicler and writer Hermann Bote was born around 1450 in a house on Wendenstrasse . He is considered to be the most important author of the North German-Hanseatic world of the late Middle Ages.

During the Second World War, air raids on February 10, 1944, and especially on October 15, 1944, claimed numerous lives and caused severe damage. In the post-war period, Wendenstrasse was converted into a widened traffic lane in the sense of the “ car-friendly city ”, with traffic being guided north-south on a one-way street.

Development

Historic buildings

Medieval city fortifications

The city wall of Henry the Lion ran over the property with the insurance number 1490 and 1496, where the older part of the former ducal hospital was previously located. The associated inner gate tower from 1580, blocking the road, was demolished in 1780. In September 2011, during excavations on the construction site for the new Schuberthof residential complex, fragments of the oldest city wall from the time of Henry the Lion were uncovered. The examination of an oak beam, which served as the foundation for the wall made of Rogenstein , revealed a date to the year 1178.

Gloria theater

On December 4, 1946, the “Gloria Theater” variety theater, formerly Ufa-Lichtspiele, opened. The two cinemas Gloria and Hansa , which were closed after 2000, were subsequently operated in the building . While the premises of the HANSA continue to be operated as a club, the Gloria was converted into a residential building in 2016.

House Schwalenberg (Wendenstrasse 5)

The house was owned by the Schwalenberg family from the beginning of the 15th century until 1669. The inscription HANS SCHWALENBERG 1573 , which has not survived, is noted in the Mack inscription collection . Later the house belonged to the merchant Joachim Ludwig Dörrien, whose heirs sold it to Johann Rudolf von Kalm in 1722. In 1760 it became the property of Colonel Gernreich, who had the front building rebuilt according to plans by the court architect Georg Christoph Sturm . Konrad Behrend Krause became the new owner in 1796, and his heirs sold it to the Jürgens family in 1859. In 1892 the city bought the building, which was destroyed in World War II.

Half-timbered house (Wendenstrasse 38)

The two-storey, gabled half-timbered house, which was destroyed in the Second World War, bore the following inscription, which has not been preserved, on the sill beam on the upper floor:

HENNING OTTO CATHARINA KAGEN.
WHO DISTRIBUTES GODT
BAWET WOL

Henning Otto was the owner of the house from 1630 to 1666.

Half-timbered house (Wendenstrasse 49)

The three-storey half-timbered house on the eaves bore the following inscription above the top of the archway between two angel heads:

ARNDT MVLLER / ANNO 1645

The building was destroyed in World War II.

The house owner Arendt Müller, a member of the Beckenwerkerguild, was a member of the Hägen council from 1644 to 1661. From 1658 to 1660 he was the minor mayor and 1661 major mayor. He died in 1662. His grave slab was in the central nave of the Katharinenkirche .

In the Municipal Museum glass paintings have survived the 16th century out of the house Wendenstraße 49th

Querner canning factory (Wendenstrasse 54)

The businessman Anton Wilhelm Querner († 1841) owned a brewery at Wendenstrasse 54. His son Hermann († 1881) began growing asparagus in 1862, which he marketed as canned food since 1864. The production of canned asparagus and vegetables was supplemented by canned fruit in 1900. The company was transformed into a family limited partnership in 1924. The factory was badly damaged during World War II in 1944. Ice cream has been produced since 1949 and canned food production was discontinued in 1951. The senior partner Hermann Querner died in 1950 at the age of 84. In 1969 the merger with four North German Warncke ice cream factories took place to form " Warncke Eiskrem KG" with an administration and production center in Brundorf near Bremen .

National-Jürgens-Brewery (Wendenstrasse 59)

Carl Friedrich Jürgens founded the brewery “F. Jürgens ” in Wendenstrasse; however, it must have existed as early as the 16th century, as it was already supplied by a brewery commune. After the premises in Wendenstrasse had become too small due to the company's expansion, the company moved into modern, newly constructed buildings on Rebenring in 1872, converted the company into a public limited company and from then on was called “National-Actien-Bier-Brauerei” " . The brewery existed until 1977.

Half-timbered house (Wendenstrasse 66)

The three-storey half-timbered house with the cantilevered upper storeys was destroyed in the Second World War. The following inscriptions, decorated with ribbon and pearl ornaments, have only survived in photographs:

IN · THE · I PETTRI · AM · 4 · IN · ALL · THINGS · SOL · GOT · ARE · PRICE · DVRCH · IESVM · CHRISTVM · ​​WELGER · SEI · ERE · VNDT · VIOLENCE · OF · ETERNITY
(Sill beam on the second floor)
ERRENST HARFEST CATTRIN KNICKEREIM ANNO 1629
(Sill beam on the first floor)

Half-timbered house (Wendenstrasse 69)

At the corner of Fallersleber Strasse , there was a three-storey, eaves-facing half-timbered house until it was demolished in 1894. The house was owned by the Wittekop family between 1504 and 1557. The builder in 1533 was Heinrich Wittekop, who was married to Alheid von Peine. A decorated wooden beam ended up in the Braunschweig Municipal Museum after the house was demolished. Due to the war, only the right part is preserved today.

More buildings

The half-timbered house Wendenstrasse 39 from 1533, which was destroyed in the Second World War, was assigned by Paul Jonas Meier to the wood sculptor Simon Stappen , who has been active in Braunschweig since 1517 . At the time of National Socialism, one of the Braunschweig “Jewish houses” was located at Wendenstrasse 2 . After the passing of the Reich Law of April 30, 1939 "on tenancy agreements with Jews", Jewish citizens had no legal tenant protection and had to move to so-called "Jewish houses" if they were given notice. The house at Wendenstrasse 2 has not been preserved.

Today's development

Youth hostel (Wendenstrasse 30)

New Braunschweig Youth Hostel in September 2015

The official groundbreaking ceremony for the construction of the new youth hostel took place on August 9, 2011. The operator, the German Youth Hostel Association , expects 30,000 to 35,000 overnight stays per year. The opening took place in April 2015.

Post office (Wendenstrasse 38)

Today there is a branch of the Deutsche Post at Wendenstrasse 38 . Post office 3 opened on December 15, 1890 at Wendenstrasse 32, and ceased operations in 1944 after bomb damage. The new opening took place on October 15, 1946 at Wendenstrasse 36.

Lower Saxony Study Institute (Wendenstrasse 69)

The Lower Saxony Minister of the Interior, Egbert Möcklinghoff, opened the Lower Saxony Study Institute for Local Administration in Braunschweig e. V. in the new building at Wendenstrasse 69. On February 18, 1980, the registration department of the public order office moved into the same building. It was previously housed at Frankfurter Strasse 1a.

More buildings

On May 24, 1957, the store opened in the rebuilt headquarters of the Seifen-Kraatz company on Wendenstrasse. The company founded in 1919 no longer exists today.

Impressions

literature

  • Johannes Angel: Wendenstrasse . In: Luitgard Camerer, Manfred RW Garzmann and Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon , Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-926701-14-5 .
  • Jürgen Hodemacher: Braunschweigs streets - their names and their stories, Volume 1: Innenstadt , Cremlingen 1995, ISBN 3-927060-11-9 .
  • Heinrich Meier : The street names of the city of Braunschweig , Wolfenbüttel 1904.

Individual evidence

  1. Johannes Angel: Wendentor . In: Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon , Braunschweig 1992, p. 244.
  2. ^ Hermann Dürre : History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages , Braunschweig 1861, p. 726.
  3. ^ Heinrich Meier: The street names of the city of Braunschweig , Wolfenbüttel 1904, p. 107.
  4. Sensational find in Braunschweig , Braunschweiger Zeitung , September 4, 2011
  5. Braunschweig: City wall find was stored , Braunschweiger Zeitung , October 19, 2011
  6. ^ Shine in the "Gloria" of the post-war years , Braunschweiger Zeitung , January 2, 2007
  7. Sabine Wehking : DI 56, No. 546 †, in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  8. Sabine Wehking, DI 56, No. 821 †, in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  9. ^ Sabine Wehking, DI 56, No. 940 †, in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  10. Sabine Wehking, DI 56, No. 1142 †, in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  11. ^ Sabine Wehking, DI 56, No. 682, in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  12. Sabine Wehking, DI 56, No. 820 †, in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  13. ^ Sabine Wehking, DI 56, No. 421 (†), in: Deutsche Insschriften Online
  14. Herbert Obenaus (ed.): Historical manual of the Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen , Volume 1, Göttingen 2005, p. 300.
  15. ^ Norman-Mathias Pingel: Judenhäuser . In: Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon , supplementary volume, Braunschweig 1996, p. 74.

Web links

Coordinates: 52 ° 16 ′ 9.8 ″  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 24.8 ″  E