Wilhelm von Hornumb

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William of Hornumb , and William of Hornum or William Hornung (* before 1630; † 1685 in Rosenthal (Hessen) ) was a German cavalry - officer in Swedish , Brunswick-Luneburg and last Hesse-Kassel services.

Military career

Swedish and Brunswick service

Hornumb probably came from a noble family from the area around Cologne . Before 1651 he married Anna Ursula Clauer zu Wohra and in the course of this marriage took up residence in Rosenthal in what is now the district of Waldeck-Frankenberg . From 1651 to 1664 he served in the Swedish cavalry - regiments , from 1651 to 1655 as a lieutenant , from 1659/60 as a Major . In 1670/71 he is said to have been in the service of Braunschweig-Lüneburg.

Hessen-Kassel cavalry

In 1672, the widow of the landgrave and regent of Hessen-Kassel, Hedwig Sophie von Brandenburg (1623–1683), sister of the Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg , had the Major von Hornumb , who is now in Hessian service, recruit three companies riders, who thus were the first standing cavalry unit of the Landgraviate and the foundation of the first Kassel cavalry regiment . In July 1676 foot soldiers moved from Hornumb with these riders and an additional brief break in fourth company, a total of 75 officers, NCOs and men per company, together with this year established by the regent eight companies (1,000 men) under Colonel John to Bruggen the Imperial Army at Philippsburg am Rhein to take part in the siege of the French in the fortress Philippsburg . Philippsburg capitulated on September 17, 1676.

In the spring of the following year, the regent and her son, Landgrave Karl , who ruled himself from August 1677 , mobilized the Hornumb horsemen and a regiment of infantry under Colonel Johann ufm Keller to support Karl's uncle, Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg, and Karl Brother-in-law , King Christian V of Denmark and Norway , in their war with Sweden . The troops - 1,600 infantrymen and four companies of cavalry - marched from Kassel on May 31, 1677 and arrived in Skåne on July 13 . The contingent of riders, a total of 302 men, under Hornumb, who had meanwhile been promoted to lieutenant colonel, was not explicitly declared as a regiment, but had a regimental quartermaster and an adjutant and was later unofficially referred to as the "Regiment Carabiniers" . It is not known whether the part of the Hessian troops that participated in the battle of Landskrona on the left wing of the Danish order of battle, which Denmark lost on July 14, 1677 , was wholly or partially Hornumbsche Reiter.

Formation of the Swedish, Danish, Brandenburg, Hessian and Imperial troops in the Battle of Warksow ; contemporary representation

The Hessian troops then landed on September 17, 1677 with King Christian V and as part of an army of 4,200 men on Rügen . There they took part on January 18, 1678 in the catastrophic Battle of Warksow for the Danish side . Around 400 of the allies died in the battle, and almost all of the survivors (including 58 officers) were either captured or forced into Swedish service after the battle and in the days that followed. Wilhelm von Hornumb and his son, the cornet Hans Erich, were among the prisoners. Like almost all officers and some of the soldiers, both were released in 1678 on payment of a ransom .

Hornumb's regiment was “reduced” in 1679 because of his heavy losses, and in 1680 he was put on waiting . His successor as commander of the then refreshed regiment was first Colonel von Wilke in 1683, and then in the same year Philipp Adolph Rau zu Holzhausen . Wilhelm von Hornumb died in April 1685 and was buried on April 15 that year in Rosenthal.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ He himself signed, at least at times, as Hornung (Stamford, p. 40, fn.)
  2. ↑ It is very doubtful that he was supposed to have been in the service of Braunschweig as Colonel sergeant on horseback in 1675.
  3. ↑ Tribe and rank list of the Electoral Hessian Army Corps from the 16th century to 1866. Francke and Ponnaz, Kassel, 1866, p. 15
  4. ↑ * 1611 in the rule of Oberijssel , in Swedish, later Hessian services, last as lieutenant general, † 1697.
  5. ↑ Stamford, p. 20; Tribe and rank list of the Electoral Hessian Army Corps from the 16th century to 1866. Francke and Ponnaz, Kassel, 1866, p. 15
  6. ^ Charles's sister Charlotte Amalie married the Danish Crown Prince and later King Christian V on June 25, 1667.
  7. ^ Stamford, p. 92
  8. ↑ Each company had a captain , a lieutenant, a cornet , a sergeant , a quartermaster , three corporals , a trumpeter and 66 horsemen. (Stamford, p. 40)
  9. ↑ Stamford, pp. 96-97
  10. ↑ The Hesse-Kassel war power under Landgrave Karl until the Peace of Ryswick in 1697. In: Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies , eighth volume, Kassel, 1860, pp. 125–126
  11. ↑ Stamford, pp. 110ff.
  12. ↑ Stamford, p. 220, Appendix B.
  13. ↑ Hans Erich (also Heinrich) von Hornumb, buried in Lohra on August 21, 1711, married in Lohra 1676 Katharina Fuchs, buried in Lohra on February 8, 1721, daughter of the farmer Johannes Fuchs in Lohra.
  14. ↑ Stamford, p. 217, Appendix A.
  15. ^ The Hesse-Kassel war power under Landgrave Karl until the Peace of Ryswick in 1697. In: Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies , eighth volume, Kassel, 1860, p. 125, fn.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Hornumb, Wilhelm von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hornum, Wilhelm von; Hornung, Wilhelm von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German cavalry officer in Swedish, Braunschweig-Lüneburg and, most recently, Hessen-Kassel services
DATE OF BIRTH before 1630
DATE OF DEATH April 1685
Place of death Rosenthal (Hesse)