William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt

William Allen Jowitt c. 1945

William Jowitt as a lawyer (1912)

William Allen Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt PC KC (* 15. April 1885 in Stevenage , Hertfordshire , † 16th August 1957 in Bury St Edmunds , Suffolk ) was a British lawyer and politician of the Labor Party .

Life

After visiting the Marlborough College , he studied law at New College of the University of Oxford and was after his legal approval in the Bar Association of Middle Temple in 1909 as a lawyer working.

Jowitt was for the Liberal Party in the lower house elections on 15 November 1922 for the first time MPs in the House of Commons voted and represented there, initially until 29 October 1924 the constituency The Hartlepools . In the general election of May 30, 1929 , he was again a member, where he now represented the interests of the Preston constituency in the House of Commons until October 27, 1931 .

In 1929 Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald appointed him Attorney General (Attorney General) and held this office until 1932. On October 28, 1939, Jowitt was re-elected as a member of the House of Commons in a by-election in the constituency of Ashton-under-Lyne . August 1945.

During Prime Minister Winston Churchill led war government was he initially 1940-1942 Solicitor General and represented as such the indictment in the so-called Tyler Kent affair , one for the main actors Tyler Kent and Anna Wolkoff mentioned also Tyler Wolkoff affair espionage operation in Great Britain during the Seat War of 1939/40 and shortly before the United States entered World War II . If it had become known, it would have incriminated US President Franklin D. Roosevelt . In 1941 he was an advisor to the US daily The New York Times in an insulting trial that Archibald Maule Ramsay , a member of the House of Commons implicated in the affair, ran against the newspaper - ultimately unsuccessfully.

Jowitt was then briefly in 1942 Paymaster General and between 1942 and 1944 Minister without portfolio . Most recently from 1944 to 1945 he was Minister for National Insurance in the Churchill government.

After leaving the House of Commons, he was raised to hereditary nobility on August 2, 1945 with the title of Baron Jowitt , of Stevenage in the County of Hertford , and was a member of the House of Lords until his death. In addition, he was appointed Lord Chancellor to the government of Prime Minister Clement Attlee in July 1945 and held this office until the end of Attlee's tenure in October 1951. In this role he was also one of the lord judges who approved the appointment of William Joyce , who was also in involved in the Tyler-Kent affair.

On January 20, 1947, he was appointed Viscount Jowitt , of Stevenage in the County of Hertford, before he finally became Earl Jowitt on December 24, 1951 after completing his office as Lord Chancellor . Between 1952 and 1955 he was also leader of the Labor Party in the House of Lords.

His titles of nobility lapsed on his death because he had no male descendants.

Publications

• Statute law revision and consolidation , 1951
• Notes of an address on the office of the Lord Chancellor , 1953
• The strange case of Alger Hiss , 1953
• Some were spies , 1954
• The dictionary of English law , 1959

Web links

• Sir William Jowitt in the Hansard (English)
• British Ministeries (rulers.org)
• Entry on theyworkforyou.com
• Entry on cracroftspeerage.co.uk
• Publications (openlibrary.org)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} State Secrets ( Memento from July 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
2. ^ "Wild Clydesider" Becomes A Baron . In: The West Australian of November 30, 1951

predecessor	Office	successor
New title created	Earl Jowitt 1951-1957	Title expired