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Coordinates: 45°54′36″N 25°13′48″E / 45.91000°N 25.23000°E / 45.91000; 25.23000
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{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
{{Cleanup|date=April 2009}}
|type = commune
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox settlement-->
|county = Brașov
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{ROU}}
|image_shield = ROU BV Comana CoA.jpg
|image_skyline = Comana.jpg
|timezone=[[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|image_caption = View over Comăna commune
|utc_offset=+2
|image_map = Comana jud Brasov.jpg
|timezone_DST=[[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|image_location =
|utc_offset_DST=+3
|leader_name = Viorel Grusea<ref>{{cite web |url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final |title=Results of the 2020 local elections |publisher=Central Electoral Bureau |access-date=9 June 2021 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|map_caption = Location of Comăna, Braşov|
|leader_party = PNL
|
|term = 2020&ndash;2024
official_name=Comăna|
|coordinates = {{coord|45|54|36|N|25|13|48|E|type:city_region:RO_source:frwiki|display=it}}
image_shield=STEMA_COMANA.jpg|thumb|
|elevation = 430
image_map=Comana jud Brasov.jpg|
|elevation_min =
|subdivision_type1=[[Counties of Romania|County]]|
|elevation_max =
subdivision_name1=Braşov County|
|area_total = 97.26
|subdivision_type2=[[Subdivisions of Romania|Status]]|
|population_total = auto
subdivision_name2=[[Communes of Romania|Commune]]
|population_as_of =
|settlement_type=Commune||
|population_footnotes =
|leader_title=[[Mayor]]|
|postal_code = 507050
leader_name=Viorel Grusea|
|area_code = +40 x68
|
|website = {{URL|https://www.comuna-comana.ro/}}
leader_party= PNL|
area_total_km2=100|
population_as_of=2004|
population_total=2635|
}}
}}
'''Comǎna''' ({{lang-de|Kumanen, Komondjen}}) is a [[Commune in Romania|commune]] in [[Braşov County]], [[Romania]]. It is composed of four villages: Comăna de Jos (the commune center), Comăna de Sus, Crihalma and Ticuşu Nou. The commune is situated in the middle of Romania, on the [[Olt River]]. The distance from the city of [[Făgăraş]] is 27&nbsp;km, and the city of [[Rupea]] is situated at 20&nbsp;km.
'''Comăna''' ({{lang-de|Kumanen, Komondjen}}; {{lang-hu|Alsókomána}}) is a [[Commune in Romania|commune]] in [[Brașov County]], [[Transylvania]], [[Romania]]. It is composed of four villages: Comăna de Jos (the commune center), Comăna de Sus (''Felsőkomána''), Crihalma (''Königsberg''; ''Királyhalma'') and Ticușu Nou (''Rumänisch Tekes''; ''Felsőtyúkos'').

Comăna is traversed north to south by the [[Olt (river)|Olt River]]. It borders the following communes: [[Părău]] to the south, [[Măieruș]] to the east, [[Hoghiz]] to the north, and [[Ticușu]] to the west.


==History==
==History==


Comăna de Jos was an important administrative center of the eastern part of [[Țara Făgărașului]], at a time when {{ill|Ștefan Mailat|ro}} – who was born here in 1502 – ruled over [[Transylvania]]. Villages falling within the jurisdiction of this center were: Comăna de Sus, Veneția de Jos, Veneția de Jos, Crihalma, Ticușu Nou, Cuciulata, and Lupșa. In the current area of Comăna de Jos, human settlements were discovered that attest to the existence of people in the following places:
In the current Comăna de Jos were discovered several human settlements, that attest the existence of early people on these places: the Bronze Age settlement from the 2nd - 1st century B.C. La Tène is represented by a Hallstatt settlement of 8th-9th century and one of 11th-13th century from the early medieval era. In Comăna de Jos were investigated dwellings dug into the soil at different depths, being unveiled 14 huts and 18 little huts, with diverse planimetry with installation of fire ovens consisting of stone and clay. Was also found and existing facilities upgraded fire outdoors. Archaeological research 1974-1976 concluded that construction traces, ruins and ceramics (by wheel and by hand) belong to various periods of time. Ceramic found here is similar to the one found in the areas inhabited by Dacians.
*A [[Bronze Age]] settlement from the 2nd to the 1st century B.C.
*The [[La Tène culture]] is represented by a [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt]] settlement from the 8th and 9th centuries.
*Settlements from the early medieval era (11th to 13th century).


'''Important archaeological discoveries.'''
Comăna de Jos was an important administrative center of the eastern part of the Făgăraș land, when Ștefan Mailat - who was born here in 1502 - ruled over [[Transylvania]]. Villages falling within the jurisdiction of this center were: Comăna de Sus (Upper Comăna), the Lower Venice, the Upper Venice, Crihalma (the King's Hill), the New Ticuşu, Cuciulata and Lupșa.
In Comăna de Jos, it was investigated that dwellings dug into the soil at different depths, being unveiled 14 huts and 18 little huts, with diverse planimetry with installation of fire ovens consisting of stone and clay. Was also found and existing facilities upgraded fire outdoors. Archaeological research from 1974 to 1976 concluded that construction traces, ruins and ceramics (by wheel and by hand) belong to various periods of time. Ceramic found here is similar to the one found in the areas inhabited by the [[Dacians]].


'''Early census'''
In the year 1733, when the Romanian Greek Catholic bishop Inocenţiu Micu-Klein decided to organize a census in Transylvania, in the village of Lower Comana were reviewed of 34 families. In other words, in the Lower Comana of the year 1733, lived around 170 inhabitants. In the same census is to be noted in the Lower Comana two censuses were Greek Catholic priests, both having Iuon (John) surname. In the Lower Comana there was a Greek Catholic church and a manse. The name of the village was played in Hungarian as Alsó-Komana, whereas the results were intended to a committee consisting of non-Romanians, mostly Hungarians. In the church, the Lower Comana year 1733 kept Protopopiatul in the neighboring town, the Lower Venice. Also in census of 1733 states that the Greek Catholic parish in the Lower Comana collected 11 carts of hay.
In 1733, when the [[Romanian Greek Catholic Church|Romanian Greek Catholic]] bishop [[Inocențiu Micu-Klein]] decided to organize a census in Transylvania, 34 families were reviewed in the village of Comăna de Jos. In other words, in Comăna de Jos of the year 1733, there were around 170 inhabitants. In the same census is to be noted that in Comăna de Jos there were two Greek Catholic priests, both having the surname Iuon (John). The village had a Greek Catholic church and a manse. The name of the village was written in Hungarian as Alsó-Komana, whereas the results were intended for a committee consisting of non-Romanians, mostly Hungarians.

In the interwar period and until the administrative reform of 6 September 1950 Comăna was part of [[Făgăraş County]], which had its headquarters in the town of Făgăraş.

Since 1950, when the administrative-territorial division, the counties of Romania were replaced after the Soviet model, into districts and regions, and to administrative reform in 1968, the Lower Comana was part of Făgăraş district, Brasov region. Between 1950 - 1960, the Braşov region was renamed Stalin, with the capital in Stalin City, .i.e. Braşov.


==Population==
==Population==
At the [[2011 Romanian census|2011 census]], the population of Comăna commune numbered 2,556 inhabitants. At [[2021 Romanian census|2021 census]], the population had increased to 2,803.


The population between 1850 and 2021, according to the Hungarian and Romanian censuses:
In the year of 2011 the population of Comăna commune was of 2,556 inhabitants.

Population between 1850 and 2011, according to the Hungarian and Romanian censuses:
{| class="toccolours" style="margin: 0 1em 0 1em;" width="60%"
{| class="toccolours" style="margin: 0 1em 0 1em;" width="60%"
|-
|-
Line 56: Line 55:
![[Roma in Romania|Roma]]
![[Roma in Romania|Roma]]
![[Ukrainians]]
![[Ukrainians]]
![[Other]]
!Other
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1850
| Height="12,75" | 1850
| 3.437
| 3,437
| 3.311
| 3,311
| 9
| 9
| -
| -
Line 67: Line 66:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1857
| Height="12,75" | 1857
| 3.578
| 3,578
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1880
| Height="12,75" | 1880
| 3.419
| 3,419
| 3.140
| 3,140
| 124
| 124
| 10
| 10
Line 78: Line 77:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1890
| Height="12,75" | 1890
| 3.383
| 3,383
| 3.164
| 3,164
| 158
| 158
| 9
| 9
Line 86: Line 85:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1900
| Height="12,75" | 1900
| 3.435
| 3,435
| 3.223
| 3,223
| 145
| 145
| 34
| 34
Line 95: Line 94:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1910
| Height="12,75" | 1910
| 3.580
| 3,580
| 3315
| 3315
| 177
| 177
Line 104: Line 103:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1920
| Height="12,75" | 1920
| 3.620
| 3,620
| 3.569
| 3,569
| 37
| 37
|
|
Line 113: Line 112:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1930
| Height="12,75" | 1930
| 3.519
| 3,519
| 3.442
| 3,442
| 38
| 38
| 7
| 7
Line 121: Line 120:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1941
| Height="12,75" | 1941
| 3.312
| 3,312
| 3.69
| 3,069
| 18
| 18
| -
| -
Line 129: Line 128:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1956
| Height="12,75" | 1956
| 3.254
| 3,254
| 2.956
| 2,956
| 20
| 20
| 2
| 2
Line 137: Line 136:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1966
| Height="12,75" | 1966
| 3.135
| 3,135
| 2.867
| 2,867
| 23
| 23
| -
| -
Line 145: Line 144:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1977
| Height="12,75" | 1977
| 2.822
| 2,822
| 2.351
| 2,351
| 9
| 9
| 3
| 3
Line 153: Line 152:
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 1992
| Height="12,75" | 1992
| 2.619
| 2,619
| 1.575
| 1,575
| 11
| 11
| 1
| 1
| 1.032
| 1,032
|
|
|-
| Height="12,75" | 2002
| 2,635
| 2,005
| 11
| 0
| 616
| 1
| 2
|-
|-
| Height="12,75" | 2011
| Height="12,75" | 2011
| 2.635
| 2,556
| 2.083
| 2,083
| 3
| 3
| 0
| 0
Line 168: Line 176:
| 0
| 0
| 95
| 95
|-
| Height="12,75" | 2021
| 2,803
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


==Natives==
==Natives==
*Ștefan Mailat (1502–1550) – captain of [[Făgăraș Citadel]] and [[Prince of Transylvania]].

Ștefan Mailat (1502–1550) - captain of Făgăraș Castel and Priceps of Transylvania.


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Josephinische Landaufnahme pg242.jpg|Old map of Comăna de Jos and the area
Image:Josephinische Landaufnahme pg242.jpg|Old map of Comăna de Jos and the area
File:Primăria Comăna, județul Brașov.JPG|Town Hall
Image:Comana.jpg|View over Comăna commune
Image:ComanadeJos.JPG|Church in Comăna de Jos
Image:ComanadeJos.JPG|Church in Comăna de Jos
</gallery>
</gallery>

==External links==
*[http://www.comuna-comana.ro/ The official site of Comăna commune]
*[http://www.comanadejos.blogspot.com/ An unofficial site of Comăna de Jos]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100921221410/http://www.comuna-comana.ro/ The official site of Comăna commune]
*[http://www.comanadejos.blogspot.com/ An unofficial site of Comăna de Jos]


{{Braşov County}}
{{Braşov County}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|45|54|36|N|25|13|48|E|type:city_region:RO_source:frwiki|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Comana}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Comana}}
[[Category:Communes in Braşov County]]
[[Category:Communes in Brașov County]]
[[Category:Localities in Transylvania]]

[[fr:Comăna de Jos]]
[[it:Comana (Braşov)]]
[[hu:Alsókomána]]
[[ro:Comuna Comăna, Braşov]]
[[sv:Comăna]]
[[vo:Comăna]]

Latest revision as of 05:50, 25 February 2024

Comăna
Commune
View over Comăna commune
View over Comăna commune
Coat of arms of Comăna
Coat of arms
Location within the county
Location within the county
Comăna is located in Romania
Comăna
Comăna
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°54′36″N 25°13′48″E / 45.91000°N 25.23000°E / 45.91000; 25.23000
CountryRomania
CountyBrașov
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Viorel Grusea[1] (PNL)
Area
97.26 km2 (37.55 sq mi)
Elevation
430 m (1,410 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
2,803
 • Density29/km2 (75/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
507050
Area code+40 x68
Vehicle reg.BV
Websitewww.comuna-comana.ro

Comăna (German: Kumanen, Komondjen; Hungarian: Alsókomána) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Comăna de Jos (the commune center), Comăna de Sus (Felsőkomána), Crihalma (Königsberg; Királyhalma) and Ticușu Nou (Rumänisch Tekes; Felsőtyúkos).

Comăna is traversed north to south by the Olt River. It borders the following communes: Părău to the south, Măieruș to the east, Hoghiz to the north, and Ticușu to the west.

History[edit]

Comăna de Jos was an important administrative center of the eastern part of Țara Făgărașului, at a time when Ștefan Mailat [ro] – who was born here in 1502 – ruled over Transylvania. Villages falling within the jurisdiction of this center were: Comăna de Sus, Veneția de Jos, Veneția de Jos, Crihalma, Ticușu Nou, Cuciulata, and Lupșa. In the current area of Comăna de Jos, human settlements were discovered that attest to the existence of people in the following places:

  • A Bronze Age settlement from the 2nd to the 1st century B.C.
  • The La Tène culture is represented by a Hallstatt settlement from the 8th and 9th centuries.
  • Settlements from the early medieval era (11th to 13th century).

Important archaeological discoveries. In Comăna de Jos, it was investigated that dwellings dug into the soil at different depths, being unveiled 14 huts and 18 little huts, with diverse planimetry with installation of fire ovens consisting of stone and clay. Was also found and existing facilities upgraded fire outdoors. Archaeological research from 1974 to 1976 concluded that construction traces, ruins and ceramics (by wheel and by hand) belong to various periods of time. Ceramic found here is similar to the one found in the areas inhabited by the Dacians.

Early census In 1733, when the Romanian Greek Catholic bishop Inocențiu Micu-Klein decided to organize a census in Transylvania, 34 families were reviewed in the village of Comăna de Jos. In other words, in Comăna de Jos of the year 1733, there were around 170 inhabitants. In the same census is to be noted that in Comăna de Jos there were two Greek Catholic priests, both having the surname Iuon (John). The village had a Greek Catholic church and a manse. The name of the village was written in Hungarian as Alsó-Komana, whereas the results were intended for a committee consisting of non-Romanians, mostly Hungarians.

Population[edit]

At the 2011 census, the population of Comăna commune numbered 2,556 inhabitants. At 2021 census, the population had increased to 2,803.

The population between 1850 and 2021, according to the Hungarian and Romanian censuses:

Census of Comăna Ethnic structure
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Ukrainians Other
1850 3,437 3,311 9 - 117
1857 3,578
1880 3,419 3,140 124 10 147
1890 3,383 3,164 158 9 52
1900 3,435 3,223 145 34 33 1
1910 3,580 3315 177 25 63 5 1
1920 3,620 3,569 37 14
1930 3,519 3,442 38 7 32
1941 3,312 3,069 18 - 225
1956 3,254 2,956 20 2 276
1966 3,135 2,867 23 - 245
1977 2,822 2,351 9 3 459
1992 2,619 1,575 11 1 1,032
2002 2,635 2,005 11 0 616 1 2
2011 2,556 2,083 3 0 375 0 95
2021 2,803

Natives[edit]

Gallery[edit]

  • Old map of Comăna de Jos and the area
    Old map of Comăna de Jos and the area
  • Town Hall
    Town Hall
  • Church in Comăna de Jos
    Church in Comăna de Jos

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comăna&oldid=1210147398"