Ghimbav
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Ghimbav Weidenbach Vidombák |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Transylvania | ||||
| Circle : | Brașov | ||||
| Coordinates : | 45 ° 40 ′ N , 25 ° 30 ′ E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 559 m | ||||
| Area : | 28.08 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 4,698 (October 20, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 167 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Postal code : | 507075 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 68 | ||||
| License plate : | BV | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Mayor : | Dorel Toma ( PSD ) | ||||
| Postal address : | Lunga Street, no. 69 loc. Ghimbav, jud. Brașov, RO-507075 |
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| Website : | |||||
Ghimbav [ ˈgimbav ] ( German Weidenbach , Hungarian Vidombák ) is a city in the Brașov district in Romania .
Geographical location
Ghimbav is located in the southeast of Transylvania on the Ghimbășel stream - a right tributary of the Bârsa (Burzen) - in the middle of the Burzenland , and on the European route 68 . The district capital Brașov (Kronstadt) is located about seven kilometers to the east. Ghimbav has a train station on the Brașov – Făgăraș line . There are bus connections to Brașov and Codlea (Zeiden) .
history
Weidenbach was first mentioned in a document in 1342. It was probably founded by German settlers. Since 1422, Weidenbach - like the whole of Burzenland - belonged to the Königsboden . Most of its inhabitants were Transylvanian Saxons for several centuries .
In its history, Weidenbach was largely destroyed several times; so in 1422 and 1658 by Turkish invasions, 1469 and 1586 by fire disasters, 1599 by troops of the Wallachian prince Michael the Brave , 1602 by soldiers of the Habsburg troops Giorgio Bastas and 1611 by the Transylvanian prince Gabriel Báthory . After the devastation and depopulation in 1422, King Sigismund exempted the town from taxes for ten years to encourage the influx of new residents.
After the place belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary , the Principality of Transylvania and Austria-Hungary until the end of the First World War , it has been part of the state of Romania since then.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the first industrial areas (a paper factory, a worsted spinning mill and a veneer factory) were established. After the Second World War, the textile and aviation industries as well as an airfield were added.
In 2002 Ghimbav was declared a city. Since 2008, the old airfield on the outskirts of the city has been expanded into Brașovs International Airport, which is expected to be completed in 2020. At the beginning of 2011 the aircraft parts manufacturer Premium Aerotec started production in Ghimbav.
population
As already mentioned, Weidenbach was for a long time a village mainly inhabited by Transylvanian Saxons. In 1510, 133 landlords, six shepherds, a miller and a clerk, bell ringer and schoolmaster lived in the village.
It was not until the 18th century, after the town had survived the plague epidemic , that the number of houses tripled to 336 in 1898, of which 206 were inhabited by Transylvanian Saxons.
In the 1850 census, 1163 inhabitants were recorded, of which 815 Germans, 225 Romanians and 123 Roma . After the Second World War (1893 residents in 1941) the population increased sharply, although the number of German residents decreased due to emigration. The main reason was the influx of many Romanians from Moldova . In 2002, of the 5,112 residents of the city at that time, 4,795 identified themselves as Romanians, 237 as Magyars , 56 as Germans, 13 as Roma and 11 as members of other nationalities.
In 2009 there were still 72 members of the evangelical community (Transylvanian Saxony).
Attractions
Saxon fortified church
The Evangelical Church is a pillar basilica with a western bell tower and an eastern, polygonal closed choir. The central nave partly dates back to the Romanesque period (13th century), the vaults there were renewed in 1775. The side aisles, bell tower and choir are from the Gothic period (14th / 15th century). The 16 register organ, which was initially set up in the choir, was later moved to the gallery. In the 15th century the complex was converted into a fortified church , received a ring-shaped defensive wall with seven towers and storehouses originally attached to the inside of the wall (largely demolished around 1940). The former moat was fed by the Weidenbach. The church castle was accessed via a drawbridge in the southeast. In 1456 there was an unsuccessful siege of the fortified church by Vlad Țepeş , in 1599 by Michael the Brave , in 1611 by Radu Șerban . In 1658 the fortified church was taken by Tatars and heavily devastated. In 1876 the new town hall was built in place of the gate walls on the fortified church wall. Some of the weir systems have fallen into disrepair over the past few decades.
Romanian Church
In Ghimbav there is also a new Orthodox church with a gold-plated roof , which was completed in 2009 (unique in Romania), on the connecting road to Cristian (New Town) .
View of Ghimbav
Evangelical fortified church
Center with town hall
Old Orthodox Church
New Orthodox Church
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literature
- Heimatortsgemeinschaft Weidenbach, Uwe Konst (ed.): Weidenbach: a Transylvanian-Saxon community in Burzenland , Gundelsheim 1999, ISBN 3-929848-14-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
- ^ Weidenbach at genealogy.net
- ↑ http://www.honigberg.net/Honigberg/html/geschichte/geschichte1000.htm ( Memento from February 8, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Weidenbach at Siebenbürger.de
- ↑ Ghimbav at ropedia.ro
- ↑ Braşov Airport website ( Memento from August 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Aeroportul Internațional Brașov: Asa va arata terminalul aeroportului Brasov. aeroportbrasov.ro, August 29, 2019, accessed November 15, 2019 (Romanian).
- ↑ Premium AEROTEC starts manufacturing aircraft parts in Romania
- ↑ a b Martin Rill: Das Burzenland. Cities, villages, fortified churches. Edition Wort und Welt, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-932413-03-2 .
- ↑ a b Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 .
- ^ Censuses in Transylvania 1850–2002 (ung.)
- ↑ Dieter Drotleff: Pastors, curators, numbers of souls. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung. Enclosure: Karpatenrundschau , March 4, 2010, p. 3.
- ^ Uwe Konst: Weidenbach: A Transylvanian-Saxon community in Burzenland , Heimatortsgemeinschaft Weidenbach, 1999, ISBN 3-929848-14-7 .
- ↑ Biserica aurită de la Ghimbav at monitorulexpres.ro (Romanian)
