Râşnov

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Râșnov
Rosenau
Barcarozsnyó
Coat of arms of Râşnov
Râșnov (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Brașov
Coordinates : 45 ° 35 '  N , 25 ° 28'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 35 '24 "  N , 25 ° 27' 35"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 635  m
Area : 164.36  km²
Residents : 15,022 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 91 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 505400
Telephone code : (+40) 02 68
License plate : BV
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : city
Structure : 1 District / cadastral municipality: Râșnov Romacril
Mayor : Adrian-Ioan Veştea ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Ion Luca Caragiale, no. 21
loc. Râșnov, jud. Brașov, RO-505400
Website :

Râşnov or Rîşnov [ ˈrɨʃnov ] ( German  Rosenau , Hungarian Barcarozsnyó ) is a small town in the Brașov district in Transylvania , Romania .

Geographical location

Râşnov in the Braşov County

Râşnov is located in southeastern Transylvania on the Ghimbăşel stream - a left tributary of the Olt ( Alt ) - east of the Piatra Craiului Mountains ( Königsstein Mountains ) and west of the Postăvarul Mountains ( Schuler ), in the middle of the Burzenland . Located on the European route 574 and the Brașov – Zărneşti railway line , Râşnov is located about 18 kilometers southwest of the district capital Braşov ( Kronstadt ). The small town is about halfway between the city of Brașov and the municipality of Bran ( Törzburg ).

history

The area of ​​Râșnov had been inhabited since at least Roman times. In the second century, the Romans built the Cumidava castle there . Rosenau itself was founded by the Teutonic Order around 1225 and was first mentioned in a document in 1331. In 1950 Râşnov was named a city.

population

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1850 4094 1935 13 1768 378
1920 4876 2995 136 1744 1
1941 5732 3856 102 1750 24
1966 9589 7504 465 1601 19th
1977 13,792 11,715 539 1498 40
1992 16,384 15,494 444 421 25th
2002 15,456 14,929 332 155 40
2011 15,022 13,458 200 100 1264 (Roma 268)

Since the official survey of 1850, Râșnov had the highest population, and that of Romanians, in 1992. The highest population of the Romanian Germans (1848) was determined in 1880 and 1900, that of the Magyars in 1977 and that of the Roma (378) in 1850. Furthermore, Ukrainians , Serbs and Slovaks were registered with almost every admission .

Attractions

Peasant castle

The castle above Râşnov

( Location ) Worth mentioning is the farmer's castle, which housed numerous houses, stables and a small church. It was built in the 14th century on a limestone rock above the town. The castle was only taken once, by Gabriel Báthory around 1600. A steep path leads from the courtyard of an inn on the market square to the farmer's castle .

For the 1623 to 1640 at the castle 80 fathoms (about 140 meters) deep castle well , says a legend that 17 years were needed for its construction and was built by two prisoners Turkish soldiers. The prisoners were promised to be released for the construction of the well. The well was used until 1850 and abandoned because of a broken wheel. The castle is a listed building.

In the forest next to the farmer's castle, a dinosaur park with around 50 lifelike exhibits that were made in Germany is to be opened in March 2015.

Protestant church

Evangelical Church of Rosenau (2018)

( Location ) The church was built in the 13th century and rebuilt several times. The ceiling frescoes date from the 16th century. The church was never fortified either, as the residents of Rosenau fled to the peasant castle in case of danger. The church and its property are under monument protection.

Orthodox Church

( Location ) The Sf. Nicolae Church, one of the oldest Orthodox churches in southeastern Transylvania, with frescoes from the 17th century, was first mentioned in 1384. It was renovated in the 18th century and is a listed building.

Ski jump

The four ski jumping hills of Trambulina Valea Cărbunării , 15 meters, 35 meters, 64 meters and 90 meters, were built in 2012 and inaugurated on November 17th. At the beginning of 2013 the European Youth Olympic Winter Festival 2013 ( Festivalul Olimpic al Tineretului European ) took place here in Romania.

Excursion destinations

Other destinations in the area include a. the Bran Castle , the National Park Piatra Craiului Mountains ( King mountain range ) and the Prahova Valley with spa resorts in Predeal and Sinaia . A 12-kilometer asphalt road leads from below the farmer's castle to the 390  m higher winter sports resort Poiana Brașov ( Schulerau ).

  • View of the city and church

  • View of the peasant castle

  • View of the peasant castle

  • Courtyard of the peasant castle

  • Castle chapel of the peasant castle

Personalities

literature

See also

Web links

Commons : Râșnov  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ a b c d Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen. Kraft-Verlag, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 , p. 138.
  3. ↑ E. Varga: Statistics of the population by ethnic group in the Brașov district according to censuses from 1850–2002 (Hungarian; PDF; 784 kB)
  4. ^ Johann Michael Salzer: Travel pictures from Transylvania , printed and published by Theodor Steinhaußen, Hermannstadt 1860
  5. ↑ a b c List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2010 (PDF; 7.10 MB)
  6. ↑ Elise Wilk: Rosenau - The Faces of a City (III) on November 21, 2014 from adz.ro accessed on March 23, 2015
  7. ↑ Dana Jenei: The old Orthodox Church in Râșnov (Romanian; PDF; 1.3 MB)
  8. ↑ Inauguration of the ski jumps in Râșnov , short description and video at brasovbuzz.ro ( memento of the original from November 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on March 1, 2013 (Romanian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / brasovbuzz.ro
  9. ↑ The ski sports camp in Râșnov is ready for the European Youth Olympic Festival , accessed on March 1, 2013 (Romanian) from ziare.com