Șoarș

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Șoarş
Sharosh
Sáros
Șoarș does not have a coat of arms
Șoarș (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Brașov
Coordinates : 45 ° 56 '  N , 24 ° 56'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 55 '45 "  N , 24 ° 55' 32"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 489  m
Area : 166.90  km²
Residents : 1,755 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 11 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 507215
Telephone code : (+40) 02 68
License plate : BV
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Șoarș, Bărcuț , Felmer , Rodbav , Seliștat
Mayor : Danuț Ioan Timiș ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 111
loc. Șoarș, jud. Brașov, RO-507215
Website :

Șoarș [ ʃoˈarʃ ] ( German  Sharosh , Hungarian Sáros ) is a municipality in the Brașov district in the Transylvania region in Romania .

The place is also known by the Romanian outdated names Șaroşa and Șoarşiu , the German Sharesch and the Hungarian Nagysáros .

Geographical location

Location of the municipality of Șoarș in the Brașov district

The municipality of Șoarș is located in the historical region of Fagaras in the Transylvanian Basin in the west of the Brașov district. At Bach Felmer , a right tributary of the Olt (Alt) , and on the district roads (drum județean) DJ 104D and DJ 105A, the community center is about 32 kilometers southwest of the small town of Rupea (Reps) ; the district capital Brașov (Kronstadt) is located about 80 kilometers southeast.

history

Șoarș was founded around 1150 by colonists from the west of the Rhine, the later Transylvanian Saxons . It belonged to the Schenker chair . This Transylvanian administrative unit emerged in the 14th century, the name derives from the court seats in the suburbs and is unique in Transylvania. Șoarş is mentioned as early as 1206 in a document of the Hungarian King Andrew II , in which the Walloon nobleman Johannes Latinus is given the "terra Cwezfey". In addition to Șoarş, the neighboring villages of Bărcuț (Bekokten) , Cobor (Kiewern) , Felmer (Felmern) and Seliştat (Seligstadt) are also mentioned in this document .

In 1500, 38 Saxon landlords with their own farm are proven in the place. After the renewed Turkish invasion of the neighboring Hermannstadt See in 1493, the expansion of the church into a fortified church also began in aroarș. In the year 1506/7, the account books of the city and province of Sibiu recorded a tax rebate of 12 guilders “pro structura eccelesiae in Saros”.

population

The population of the municipality developed as follows:

census Ethnic composition
year population Romanians Hungary German other
1850 4,905 1,422 5 2,924 554
1941 5.123 1,675 34 2677 737
1977 3,144 1,744 101 1,124 175
2002 1.913 1,162 43 63 645
2011 1,755 1,444 40 38 233

Since 1850 the highest number of inhabitants was registered in the area of ​​today's municipality in 1941. The highest population of Romanian Germans was determined in 1850, that of Romanians (2,299) in 1930, Roma (644) in 2002 and that of Magyars (116) in 1966.

Attractions

  • In Șoarş the Protestant fortified church . It is believed that the "Turkish invasion" of 1438 destroyed a Romanesque basilica originally built in the village by the settlers. In 1450, Cardinal Johannes granted the Church of St. James in Șoarş an indulgence of 100 days for a new building. In 1466 a further indulgence of 40 days for the building of the church was granted by the Sibiu chapter dean Johannes. Until 1690, the residents of the village gradually expanded the church into a fortified church and then into a fortified church. It was the last chance for the farmers to escape behind fortified walls in the event of attacks by Turkish and Tatar armies. After the danger no longer existed, the need to defend the church in Șoarş was no longer necessary. This was less and less taken into account when modifications were necessary later. The baroque altar was built in 1745 and the barrel vault in 1806. In 1776 the eight-sided pointed roof was built on the bell tower. The circular wall and the six defense towers of the former fortified church were torn down in the 19th century. The fortified church is a listed building.
  • In the incorporated village of Bărcuț the Protestant church with the fortified church tower. The church tower as a dungeon at the western end of an older church was built around the 1500th The current church was built in 1845 and is a listed building.
  • In the incorporated village of Felmer, the Protestant church, built in 1250, is in poor condition today and with two defense towers of the former fortified church, the church is a listed building.
  • In the incorporated village of Rodbav (Rohrbach) the Protestant church, built in the 13th century and renovated in the 19th, is a listed building.
  • The evangelical fortified church in the incorporated village of Seliştat was built in the 14th century, renovated in 1848 and is a listed building.

  • Fortified church and the ruins of the former teacher's apartment as well as the boarding school and kindergarten in Șoarş

  • Fortified church in Seliștat (Seligstadt)

  • Church in Bărcuț (Bekokten)

  • Fortified church and ruins of the former school in Felmer (Felmern)

literature

  • Arne Franke: The defensive Sachsenland. Fortified churches in southern Transylvania. With a historical introduction by Harald Roth. German Cultural Forum for Eastern Europe, Potsdam 2007, ISBN 978-3-936168-27-3 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Șoarș  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Arcanum Kézikönyvtár: Historical-administrative book of place names of Transylvania, Banat and Partium. Retrieved December 5, 2017 (Hungarian).
  3. ↑ a b Juliana Fabritius-Dancu : Farm castles in the Schenker and Repser chair. In: Come with me. Travel, hiking, recreation in Romania. 1981, ZDB -ID 228577-0 , p. 60 ff.
  4. ↑ Census, last updated November 1, 2008 (Hungarian; PDF; 525 kB)
  5. ↑ Information on the fortified church in Șoarș from biserici.org accessed on February 27, 2018 (Romanian)
  6. ↑ a b Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (Ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen . Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 , p. 517 .
  7. ↑ a b c d e List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture, updated 2015 (PDF; 12.7 MB; Romanian)
  8. ↑ Information on the church in Bărcuț from biserici.org accessed on February 27, 2018 (Romanian)
  9. ↑ Web presentation of the Felmener Heimatortsgemeinschaft , accessed on February 27, 2018.
  10. ↑ Information on the church in Felmer at biserici.org accessed on February 27, 2018 (Romanian)
  11. ↑ Information on the church in Rodbav from biserici.org accessed on February 27, 2018 (Romanian)
  12. ↑ Information on the church in Seliștat from biserici.org accessed on February 27, 2018 (Romanian)