Homorod

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Homorod
Hamruden
Homoród
Homorod does not have a coat of arms
Homorod (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Brașov
Coordinates : 46 ° 3 '  N , 25 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 2 '30 "  N , 25 ° 17' 3"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 463  m
Area : 118.34  km²
Residents : 2,209 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 19 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 507105
Telephone code : (+40) 02 68
License plate : BV
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Homorod, Jimbor , Mercheașa
Mayor : Marcel Pelei ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 403
loc. Homorod, jud. Brașov, RO-507105
Website :

Homorod , ( German  Hamruden , Hungarian Homoród ) is a municipality in the Brașov district in Transylvania , Romania .

location

Homorod is 3 km east of Rupea .

history

The place is a settlement founded in the 12th century by German emigrants, the Transylvanian Saxons . It is located at the confluence of the two Homorod streams. The place was first mentioned as Hamorodia around 1400 . However, archaeological finds indicate a much earlier settlement from the New Stone Age; a burnt clay figure and remains of Roman bricks were found. The Hungarian name Homorod Szaszszentpeter , which means "Saxon Sankt Petersdorf am Homorod", was also used until the 18th century . This name indicates a first church in the vicinity that could have been consecrated to St. Peter. Its former location is assumed to be north of today's Romanian cemetery on a mountain called "Auf der Kirche".

A schoolmaster had been employed by the community since 1488; it was inhabited by 68 hosts and four shepherds, this corresponded to about 300 inhabitants. There is also evidence of a mill.

On Maundy Thursday, April 13, 1623, a fire destroyed the entire place.

Romanian settlers have lived in the village since the beginning of the 18th century, mostly as shepherds, but then also as farmers. In 1941, 1503 people lived in Homorod, of whom only 508 were Transylvanian Saxons.

Homorod is the seat of the mayor of the municipality of the same name.

All places in the Homorod municipality are very strongly influenced by agriculture; the residents earn their main livelihood with it. In 2002, 1383 people lived in the actual place, of which 913 Romanians, 306 Hungarians, 34 Transylvanian Saxons and 129 Roma.

Attractions

View of the church

The current church was built around 1270 as a Romanesque hall church. At the end of the 15th century the church was rebuilt to make it suitable for defense; a large tower was built over the old choir. In addition, the church was protected by circular walls. At the corners of the first curtain wall are four towers, the second curtain wall is lower and surrounds the first. In 1784 the church was extended to the south and a new choir was added. Therefore the church today has a southern orientation. Wall paintings from the 13th century have been preserved in the old choir, as the Romanesque triumphal arch on which the western tower wall rests had to be filled. It is not known exactly when this measure was taken, but it must have been before the Reformation. These murals, which have never been whitewashed, are the oldest preserved in Transylvania, in which Romanesque and Gothic style elements merge. Further Romanesque details can be found on the walls of the hall and on the west facade. The organ and altar, on the other hand, were built in the late 18th century, probably as part of the renovations.

Cattle fire sign from Homorod / Hamruden

Wall paintings in the old choir

Wall paintings in the old choir

In the concha of the apse, Christ appears in the halo of a mandorla, he stands on the rainbow (Majestas Domini). He is surrounded by the tetramorph, the symbols of the evangelists. At his side are the intercessors Johannes and Maria also Cherumbin (Deesis). Below the picture, on the apse wall, an apostle frieze runs under arcades with a cloverleaf at the meeting point raised by tile-covered towers. Both paintings form a unit and belong to a representation of the Last Judgment, typical for western portals of churches. The linear narrative style, popular in Transylvania since the 14th century, experiences a peculiar power through the emphasis on the lines. Traces of the original painting have also been preserved on the southern wall, but have been partially blurred. On the north choir wall, fragments of more recent date have been preserved, the upper half-visible scene shows Christ as the Man of Sorrows, to whose head Mary leans. There is also an angel with a banner. Until 2001 the lower part was covered by the figure of the crucified, which belongs to the third layer of paint. This scene was stolen during restoration work on the fortified church in 2001 and has no longer been found. Fabritius-Dancu dates this scene of the third layer of paint to around 1420, as it has identical stylistic elements with paintings in the Hungarian Reformed Church of Dârjiu ( Ders ). These come from the painter Paul von Ung from 1419.

Personalities

See also

Web links

Commons : Homorod  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

swell

  1. 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. a b c d Siebenbürger.de: Hamruden.
  3. ^ Juliana Fabritius-Dancu : Castles in the Repser Land. In: Come with me. Travel, hiking, recreation in Romania. 1981, pp. 129–156, here p. 154.
  4. ^ Ortsfamilienbücher.de: Hamruden.
  5. Árpád E. Varga: Brassó megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi / nemzetiségi) adatai 1850-2002. (Online document) (PDF file; 512 kB).
  6. a b map by Hermann Fabini 2005
  7. a b Juliana Fabritius-Dancu: Castles in the Repser Land. In: Come with me. Travel, hiking, recreation in Romania. 1981, pp. 129–156, here p. 146.
  8. Hanna Derer, Ioan Augustin: Bisericile Fortificate ale Sașilor din Transilvania. = The fortified churches of the Transylvanian Saxons. Noi Media Print, București 2004, ISBN 973-7959-14-0 , p. 56.
  9. Wall paintings in Hamruden disappeared. In: Siebenbürgische Zeitung , April 23, 2001.
  10. ^ Juliana Fabritius-Dancu: Saxon fortified churches in Transylvania. Transilvania magazine, Sibiu 1980.