Łaziska Górne
| Łaziska Górne | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Mikołów | ||
| Area : | 20.00 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 9 ′ N , 18 ° 51 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 22,298 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 43-170 to 43-173 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 32 | ||
| License plate : | SMI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Katowice - Rybnik | ||
| Tychy - Orzesze | |||
| Next international airport : | Katowice Airport | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Residents: | 22,298 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 2408011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Mayor : | Aleksander Wyra | ||
| Address: | pl. Ratuszowy 1 43-170 Łaziska Górne |
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| Website : | www.laziska.um.gov.pl | ||
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Łaziska Górne [ waˈʑiska ˈgurnɛ ] ( German Ober Lazisk , Upper Silesian Gůrne Łaźiska ) is a town with 22,000 inhabitants in Poland . It is located 5 km southwest of Mikołów in the Upper Silesian coal mining area and belongs to the Powiat Mikołowski in the Silesian Voivodeship .
history
The place in the Plesser Land was founded by German settlers around the beginning of the 14th century and was younger than the neighboring village of Mittel Lazisk. Up to the end of the 18th century, Ober Lazisk was an insignificant farming village, in which a glassworks had only been operated from around 1680 , which was destroyed on June 24, 1738 when the place suffered severe damage from a tornado . This event was first taken up in the form of blown leaves in a seal from 1760, which was later adopted as the city's coat of arms.
In 1839 coal mining began in Upper Lazisk, after which coal had been mined in Lower Lazisk since 1779. The Augustenfreude mine was not in operation for long, however, it was resumed in 1842 and the Brade mine followed in 1850 . On December 30, 1856, the railway from Nikolai to Orzesche via Ober Lazisk began operations, and in 1883 the line to Tichau was opened.
In 1893 the Catholic Church was consecrated.
The Augustenfreude mine was coaled out in 1895, and the Prinzengrube began mining in 1914 . Upper Lazisk grew into a sizable settlement for miners, some of whom had immigrated from Poland. In 1917 a power station and a hut were built near the Prinzengrube .
Some informers and some Polish miners from Ober Lazisk stormed and occupied from 19-25. August 1920 during the second Polish uprising in Upper Silesia under the leadership of Korfanty the police station in Nikolai . In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 84.6% of the votes cast voted for Poland. In 1922 the village in the district of Pless came to the Polish East Upper Silesia and was incorporated into the German Reich in violation of international law after the attack on Poland in 1939 . During the Second World War , the decision was made to rename Ober-Lazisk in Prinzengrube . However, the renaming did not materialize.
In 1945 most of the ancestral German population was expelled. However, some could stay, but had to take Polish citizenship and were not allowed to admit their German origin.
Before the end of the war, Ober Lazisk (Laziska Górne) was mostly German / Prussian . Before 1918 the majority were either traditional German ethnicity or Upper Silesian . Before 1922 there was only a small minority in Upper Lazisk from Poland . As in almost all settlements in Upper Silesia, one encounters a whole series of often Polonized German surnames.
After the end of the Second World War, Łaziska Górne became Polish and the conversion to an industrial site began. Another hut built in 1949 was followed in 1954 by a large concrete plant for prefabricated parts and a chemical plant. Łaziska Górne received town charter in 1951.
During the municipal reform of 1973 Łaziska Średnie ( Central Lazisk ), which had had the status of an urban settlement since November 13, 1964, including the district Łaziska Dolne ( Lower Lazisk ) and parts of Mokre ( Mokrau ) were incorporated. This increased the city from 10.69 km² to 20 km².
Zgoń ( Zgoin ) also belongs to the municipality .
In recent years there have been major layoffs in the Łaziska Górne coal mines and demonstrations by miners.
Population development
1783: 187 inhabitants
1825: 493
1885: 1,674 plus 434 in the estate district
1905: 1,948 plus 627 in the estate district
1931: 5,400
1961: 8,428
1970: 10,794
economy
The city is the seat of the computer memory manufacturer Wilk Elektronik .
sons and daughters of the town
- Victor Ratka (1895–1966), psychiatrist and T4 reviewer
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
Łaziska Górne (Upper Lazisk) - City | Mikołów (Nikolai) - city | Ornontowice (Ornontowitz) | Orzesze (Orzesche) - city | Wyry (Wyrow)