12th Flak Brigade

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The 12th Flak Brigade was a large unit in brigade strength of the Luftwaffe in World War II . The brigade staff was set up on January 19, 1942.

Mission history

Initially intended under the name Flak Brigade XII for use on the British Channel Islands of Guernsey , Jersey and Alderney , the brigade staff took over the operational management of the flak forces stationed there. The command post was on Guernsey. The brigade was subordinate to the 9th Flak Division and from January 29, 1943 the 13th Flak Division . Here she was subordinate to the mixed flak divisions 197, 292 and 364.

With effect from April 1, 1943, the brigade staff was withdrawn from the Channel Islands and replaced by the 11th Flak Brigade . In return, the brigade staff of the 12th Flak Brigade took over the sphere of activity of the 11th Flak Brigade with the command post in Saintes . There the Flak Regiment 45 in Bordeaux and Flak Regiment 86 in Cognac (until June 1944) were subordinate to the staff .

As a result of the Allied landing in Normandy , the command post of the brigade staff had to be relocated to La Rochelle as soon as possible. The further slow retreat through southern France led the brigade to Drulingen in the summer of 1944 . At this point in time, only Flak Regiment 45 and Flak Regiment (E.Tr.) 159 were under her control . On September 15, 1944, the brigade staff was demoted to the regimental staff of Flak Regiment 145 .

Commanders

Rank	Surname	date
Colonel	Adolf Gerlach	January 19, 1942 to November 30, 1943
Colonel	Paul Koester	December 1, 1943 to September 26, 1944

Further use as regimental staff

The regimental staff of Flak Regiment 145 was set up in Leuna and was then deployed as Flak Group Leuna for home air defense. When the situation on the eastern front worsened from the end of January 1945 , the flak regiment was withdrawn from the air defense and deployed as a ground force on the Oder front in the Freienwalde - Schwedt area. In the fighting there, she was under the 15th Flak Brigade . The regiment was completely crushed by the Red Army by the end of April 1945 . However, the regiment commander Major Erich Krebs and a few parts of his regiment were able to move west to surrender to the American armed forces.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karl-Heinz Hummel: The German flak cartillery 1935-1945. Your major formations and regiments . VDM, Zweibrücken 2010, ISBN 978-3-86619-048-1 , p. 149 .