Acherner Mühlbach
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Acherner Mühlbach Local name on the Unterlauf: Schwarzbach |
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 Acherner Mühlbach in Achern- Großweier |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 2357922 | |
| location |
Offenburg Rhine plain
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| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Rhine Low Canal → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | Turn off from Acher , near the “Obere Bergstrasse-Holzstrasse” intersection, Oberachern 48 ° 36 ′ 37 ″ N , 8 ° 5 ′ 14 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 168 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | North-east of the Dow Chemical site in Greffern , Rheinmünster Coordinates: 48 ° 45 '29 " N , 8 ° 1' 21" E, 48 ° 45 '29 " N , 8 ° 1' 21" E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 121 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | approx. 47 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 2.2 ‰ | |
| length | 21.7 km | |
| Left tributaries | Altbach, Krebsbach | |
| Right tributaries | Illenbach, Alter Fuchsgraben | |
The Acherner Mühlbach is a body of water in the Ortenaukreis in Baden-Württemberg and in the Rastatt district . It initially runs northwest through the city of Achern , then initially north-northeast and later again northwest in the Upper Rhine Plain . After about 22 kilometers from the east, the Mühlbach flows into the Lower Rhine Canal at Greffern under the name Schwarzbach .
geography
The Acherner Mühlbach branches off near the intersection of Obere Bergstrasse / Holzstrasse in Oberachern at an altitude of approx. 168 m above sea level. NN from the Acher . Here it first flows northwest through Oberachern, where it passes under numerous bridges and buildings, such as the former fine cardboard factory. After the Bach Illenau has bathed, flows from the right Illenbach in him.
After the Achern Mühlbach has left the eponymous town of Achern , it flows to Großweier, where the Großweirer Dorfbach branches off from it. Then the direction of the river changes to the north and a little further, where the Alte Fuchsgraben flows into the Acherner Mühlbach from the right, it changes its direction again to the north-northeast. On this stage it flows through the villages of Unzhurst , Zell and Moos , as well as the Zeller mill. The Mühlbach crosses the Scheidgraben twice between Unzhurst and Zell and south of Moos . The Altbach branches off from it at Zell and joins it again from the left below the Zeller Mühle.
After Moos, the Acherner Mühlbach flows under a railway line, after which it changes its direction back to the northwest. Shortly afterwards the Krebsbach branches off from it, which flows into it again in Schwarzach . From there on the brook bears the name Schwarzbach . In addition, the Kanalbach branches off from the Acherner Mühlbach in Schwarzach, which connects it with the Sulzbach near Stollhofen . After the Mühlbach has left the village, it flows near the Dow Chemical in its host city Greffern in the Rhine valley channel one.
history
The assumption that the Acherner Mühlbach was built by monks from the Schwarzach monastery is widespread, but cannot be proven. It is more likely that existing bodies of water were expanded in order to improve the water supply to the Klostermühle in Schwarzach. Between Großweier and Unzhurst, the Mühlbach runs over slightly higher terrain, which is seen as an indication of an artificial system in this section.
A possible forerunner of the Achern Mühlbach in Oberachern was the Schlossbächel , a brook that no longer exists today and that rises east of the town. To improve the water flow in this body of water, a weir is said to have been built in the Acher with a transition to the Schlossbächel. The fact that the border between the two parishes in Oberachern originally followed the Mühlbach is seen as an indication that the Acher derivation may have existed as early as the 12th century. The existence of the Mühlbach is certain for the year 1372, when a connecting rod - a water-powered pestle for processing hemp - is mentioned. In 1575 the weir in the Acher was repaired.
In 1853 the dyke building cooperative , which still exists today, was founded , in which the waterworks owners of the entire Mühlbach came together. The cooperative repaired the weir in the Acher, which had been destroyed in a flood in 1851. In 1868 the cooperative built a new weir. In March 1923 the cooperative had nine members from Oberachern, seven members in Achern, one member each in Großweier, Oberwasser, Zell and Schwarzach and two members in Stollhofen. In addition, the Laundry was the mental hospital Illenau member of the cooperative.
The Mühlbach itself is not owned by the cooperative; the neighboring communities are responsible for its maintenance. In 1881 the district authorities of Achern and Bühl issued a Mühlbach order that made unauthorized watering of the meadows a criminal offense.
After the Second World War, the Mühlbach lost its importance, as meadows were no longer watered and many mills switched to other types of drive. In 1989 the withdrawal of water from the Acher was limited; at least 80 to 100 liters per second must remain in the Acher. Before that, the Acher had regularly dried out, which resulted in fish deaths .
Individual evidence
LUBW
Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of the Achern Mühlbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )
- ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer or the digital terrain model of the online waterway map.
- ↑ Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
Other evidence
- ↑ Heinz Fischer: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 169 Rastatt. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1967. → Online map (PDF; 4.4 MB)
- ↑ History, unless otherwise stated, according to Reiner Vogt: The Mühlbach - once the lifeline of Oberachern. In: Heimat- und Verschönerungsverein Oberachern (Ed.): … From the Oberachern village history. No. 2 (August 1997) and No. 3 (January 1998).
- ↑ FK Maurath: The new district Unzhurst. In: Karl Knittel: Ottersweier. A walk through history. Municipality of Ottersweier, Ottersweier 1975, pp. 195–229, here p. 212 f.
