Albero from Montreuil

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bishop's ring of Archbishop Albero of Montreuil

Albero von Munsterol ( French Albéron de Montreuil ; also: Adalbero ; * around 1080; † January 18, 1152 in Koblenz ) was Archbishop of Trier from 1132 to 1152.

Life

origin

Albero came from the Thicourt-Montreuil family in Lorraine . The parents were Gerhard von Thicourt-Montreuil and Adelheid von Dampierre . He was provost of the monastery of St. Arnual in Saarbrücken and St. Gengoul in Toul and Primicerius in Metz . He also served as archdeacon of Metz, Toul and Verdun . He refused to take over the bishop's seats in Magdeburg and Halberstadt . After the death of the Archbishop of Trier Meginher , he was appointed his successor. Between February 27 and March 7, 1132 he was ordained Archbishop of Trier in Vienne .

Impact history

Albero von Montreuil is counted among the outstanding Trier bishops of the Middle Ages. The memories of him are the establishment of an efficient diocese administration, his expansive territorial policy and the pastoral renewal of the church and monastery system.

During his pontificate the finances and property of the church, which had suffered from the investiture controversy, were restored; To this end, he had the episcopal archives searched for forgotten and alienated titles in order to renew legal claims. He completed the city ​​wall around Trier begun by Archbishop Bruno during his almost six-year feud (1141–1147) against the Count of Luxembourg over the Trier imperial abbey of St. Maximin .

Albero appeared twice at the court (in March 1135 in Bamberg and in Speyer at the turn of the year 1135/36) of the Roman-German Emperor Lothar . He also accompanied him on his Italian expedition and represented the interests of Pope Innocent II. In 1137 he was appointed papal legate in Germany. In the long-term conflicts over the succession of the Salian ruler Heinrich V , who died childless in 1125 , in the so-called investiture dispute , Albero succeeded as Archbishop of Trier after the death of Lothar with a small powerful group of princes in Koblenz in 1138 to elect the Staufer Konrad as king. Since the Archbishop of Mainz was vacant and the Archbishop of Cologne had not yet been consecrated, Pope Innocent II had appointed Albero as election officer. At the same time, however, the claims of Henry the Proud , the most powerful prince of the empire, were ignored. However, Konrad was able to get approval for his kingship very quickly from the princes who were not involved in Koblenz.

As Konrad's partisan, he had good relations with the king. Konrad held him in high esteem and called him “the marrow and soul of the empire” ( eum regni videbat robur et mentem existere ). However, it is not apparent that he played a leading role in the king's council. Soon after taking office, he wanted to get the imperial abbey of St. Maximin , located in front of Trier, under his control and to reform the Benedictines who lived there. 1139 was him by Konrad III. transferred the monastery. The transfer was probably made as thanks for his support of Konrad in the election of 1138. The Premonstratensian , Cistercian and Augustinian choristers were particularly encouraged by him. The Himmerod Monastery is its foundation. Albero had a great reputation in the empire. He was friends with Norbert von Xanten and the Cistercian Bernhard von Clairvaux . In the winter of 1147/48 Pope Eugene III visited him . for three months in Trier. The Church of St. Eucharius was consecrated. For Stephan von Bar , who took part in the Second Crusade , he administered the diocese of Metz . He appointed Balderich to the cathedral school , who wrote his biography.

The sources of the Archbishop of Trier are extremely favorable, as he received two contemporary biographies. The anonymously handed down Gesta metrica describe Albero's work from the beginning of his pontificate to the year 1145. The vita written by Balderich is of greater importance because it largely does without hagiographic topoi and in some cases has individual features.

swell

  • Hatto Kallfelz: Biographies of some bishops of the 10th - 12th centuries (= Selected sources on German medieval history. Freiherr-vom-Stein-Gedächtnisausgabe. Vol. 22). Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1973, ISBN 3-534-01421-9 (contains the German and Latin versions of the Balderici Gesta Alberonis ).
  • Gesta Alberonis archiepiscopi auctore Balderico. In: Georg Heinrich Pertz u. a. (Ed.): Scriptores (in Folio) 8: Chronica et gesta aevi Salici. Hanover 1848, pp. 243–260 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )

literature

  • Franz Xaver Kraus:  Adelbero, Archbishop of Trier . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 53 f.
  • Nicholas room:  Albero. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 124 ( digitized version ).
  • Marianne Pundt: The tenure of Albero von Montreuils. In: Hans Hubert Anton , Alfred Haverkamp (ed.): 2000 years Trier. Volume 2: Trier in the Middle Ages. Spee-Verlag, Trier 1996, ISBN 3-87760-066-2 , pp. 143-153.
  • Ferdinand Pauly : From the history of the Diocese of Trier. Volume II. The bishops until the end of the Middle Ages. Paulinus-Verlag, Trier 1969, pp. 78-83.
  • Jörg R. Müller: Albero from Monteuil. Church leader - territorial lord - Reich bishop. In: Gunther Franz (Ed.): Emperors, Scholars, Revolutionaries. Personalities and documents from 2000 years of European cultural history (= exhibition catalogs Trier libraries. No. 38). Weyand, Trier 2007, ISBN 978-3-935 281-54-6 , pp. 101-106.
  • Jörg R. Müller: Vir religiosus ac strictuus. Albero von Montreuil, Archbishop of Trier (1132–1152) (= Trier historical research. Vol. 56). Kliomedia, Trier 2006, ISBN 3-89890-089-4 (also: Trier, University, dissertation, 2003/04).

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ His advisers were mainly urban-Trier clerics and Romance scholars. Compare Jörg R. Müller: Albero von Monteuil. Church leader - territorial lord - Reich bishop. In: Gunther Franz (Ed.): Emperors, Scholars, Revolutionaries. Personalities and documents from 2000 years of European cultural history. Trier 2007, pp. 101-106, here: p. 101.
  2. ↑ Albero began building and buying castles to secure the church lands. See Jörg R. Müller, Kaiser - Schehre… , p. 102.
  3. ^ Cf. Jörg R. Müller: Albero von Monteuil. Church leader - territorial lord - Reich bishop. In: Gunther Franz (Ed.): Emperors, Scholars, Revolutionaries. Personalities and documents from 2000 years of European cultural history. Trier 2007, pp. 101–106, here: p. 102.
  4. ↑ Wolfram Ziegler: King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Court, documents and politics. Vienna 2008, p. 42.
  5. ↑ Hubertus Seibert: The first Hohenstaufen ruler - a priest king? Conrad III. Relationship to the Church of his time. In: Konrad III. (1138-1152). Ruler and empire. Göppingen 2011, pp. 79–92, here p. 89.
  6. ↑ Wolfram Ziegler: King Conrad III. (1138-1152). Court, documents and politics. Vienna 2008, p. 49.
  7. ^ Jörg R. Müller: Albero von Monteuil. Church leader - territorial lord - Reich bishop. In: Trier City Library, Gunther Franz (Ed.): Emperors, Scholars, Revolutionaries. Personalities and documents from 2000 years of European cultural history. Trier 2007, pp. 101–106, here: p. 106.
predecessor Office successor
Meginher of Falmagne Archbishop of Trier
1131–1152 		Hillin of Falmagne
personal data
SURNAME Albero from Montreuil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Adalbero of Montreuil; Adalbero from Munsterol
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Archbishop of Trier
DATE OF BIRTH around 1080
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1152
Place of death Koblenz