Alexander Evgenyevich Porai-Koschiz

Alexander Jewgenjewitsch Porai-Koschiz ( Russian Александр Евгеньевич Порай-Кошиц ; born September 26 ^{. Jul} / 8. October  1877 ^greg. In Kazan ; † 17th April 1949 in Leningrad ) was a Russian chemist and university lecturer .

Life

Porai-Koschiz grew up in Saratov and graduated from the classical high school in 1895 with a gold medal. In 1896 he began studying at the St. Petersburg Technology Institute . During the third course he attended lectures by AA Jakowkin and AK Krupski in the chemistry faculty . AJ Faworski , a student of AM Butlerow , suggested a subject in organic chemistry for his scientific work . Because of involvement in the student unrest in 1902, the Technology Institute Porai-Koschiz excluded from further studies, so that he now continued his studies at the University of Basel . Within a year he was able to return to the St. Petersburg Technology Institute and in 1903 completed his studies there as a technology engineer for dyes and fiber materials . He then received a foreign scholarship for further training, with which he went back to the University of Basel. He worked there until the end of 1904 and was with his dissertation about special organic dyes for Dr. phil. PhD. He then worked in the laboratories of dye factories and visited many factories in Germany, Belgium , France and Switzerland .

In 1905 Porai-Koschiz returned to the St. Petersburg Technology Institute. He became a laboratory assistant in the organic chemistry laboratory and gave a lecture on pigments . In 1910 he developed an oscillator theory to explain the colors of dyes. In 1911 he became head of the dye laboratory, gave lectures on chemical technology of fiber materials and headed the chair for organic dyes and photochromic compounds (until his death). In 1913 he became adjunct professor and in 1917 professor for chemistry and technology of dyes and fiber materials. During the First World War chemical orders were taken over for the military.

After the October Revolution, many new research areas were worked on at Porai-Koschiz's chair , such as high-temperature photoresists for microelectronics , monomers for heat-resistant polymer fibers , special light-sensitive camera filters for space travel and television and methods for stabilizing the color of amber with regard to the construction of the amber room of the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo .

On Porai-Koschiz's initiative, a Leningrad branch institute for organic precursors and dyes was founded, which soon became an independent research institute for problems in the aniline dyes industry . In 1931 he became a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR) and in 1935 a real member.

During the German-Soviet War , Porai-Koschiz was evacuated to Kazan with the Leningrad Technology Institute and the AN-SSSR . There he supported the development of the chemical industry in the eastern parts of the country. In 1943 he received the Stalin Prize . He donated part of the prize money to the Red Army for the purchase of weapons. In 1943 he also wrote a defense letter to the deputy in the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and vice-president of the AN-SSSR AA Baikov for the arrested colleague VI Kamernitsky. He was active in the All-Russian Mendeleev Chemical Society, which elected him an honorary member and vice-president. He was founding editor of the work of the Institute of Technology , co-editor of Uspechi Chemiji and chief editor of the Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry .

Porai-Koschiz was married to Tatyana Ivanovna, b. Umnowa and had three sons, the chemists Boris (1909–1968) and Yevgeni and the crystallograve Michail . In 1950, by resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR , the Rubischner Polytechnic College was named Porai-Koschizs.

Honors

• Stalin Prize (1943)
• Badge of Honor of the Soviet Union (1944)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1944, 1948)
• Order of Lenin (1945)
• Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1947)
• Honored Scientist of the Tatar ASSR
• III. Mendeleev Lecture (1948, On The Theory of Coloring )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Museum of the St. Petersburg State Technology Institute: Александр Евгеньевич Порай-Кошиц (accessed on March 14, 2017).
2. ↑ Академик Александр Евгеньевич Порай-Кошиц (accessed March 14, 2017).
3. ↑ ПИСЬМА В ЗАЩИТУ РЕПРЕССИРОВАННЫХ (accessed March 14, 2017).
4. ↑ Історична довідка (accessed March 14, 2017).