Amomum andamanicum
| Amomum andamanicum | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Amomum andamanicum | ||||||||||||
| VPThomas , Dan & M.Sabu |
Amomum andamanicum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It is endemic to the Andaman Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Amomum andamanicum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of 0.6 to 0.9 meters. The slender underground rhizomes 0.4 to 1 centimeter thick and are covered on the outside with numerous, roof-tile-like overlapping scales. The bald scales are elongated-egg-shaped with a length of 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters and have a pointed to rounded tip. From each rhizome there are several shoot axes which are 1 to 1.5 centimeters thick at the base. So-called "pseudo-trunks" are also formed, which have a swollen base. At the base, the stems have hairless leaf sheaths , which are between 1.2 and 2 centimeters wide. The ligule are glabrous on both sides and are 0.3 to 0.6 inches long; their top is trimmed or notched.
Each stem has several leaves. The alternately arranged, two-line leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The bald petiole is 3 to 7.5 inches long and is furrowed on the top. The simple leaf blade is 35 to 60 centimeters long and 3.5 to 7 centimeters wide and lanceolate to elliptical-lanceolate with an unequal leaf base and a pointed upper end. The dark green top of the leaf is hairless while the silvery underside of the leaf is covered with pressed hair. The bare midrib is green and the leaves have numerous, parallel leaf veins. The leaf margins are whole and somewhat wavy.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period as well as the fruit ripeness of Amomum andamanicum covers the months February to October. Directly from the rhizome, below the base of the "pseudostem", an inflorescence stem that is 3.5 to 6.5 centimeters long and 2 to 2.5 centimeters wide develops on a 0 to 0.5 centimeter long inflorescence stem covered with scaly leaf sheaths and in which the eight to ten flowers are close together. However, only one or two flowers bloom at the same time. The green to orange-violet hairless bracts are egg-shaped with a length of 2.7 to 3.3 centimeters and a width of 2.3 to 3 centimeters; its tip ends in a small corner. The membrane-like, non-tubular and white bracts are 3.7 to 4.5 centimeters long and 1.1 to 1.5 centimeters wide and obverse-lanceolate, their pink tip is pointed.
The hermaphrodite, pale yellow flowers are 6 to 7 centimeters long and zygomorphic and triple with double perianths . The three different sized, hairless, white sepals are tubularly fused with each other and are 2.7 and 3.2 inches long and between 0.7 and 0.8 inches wide. Two of the three sepals have a beak at the tip, which can also be covered with a few hairs. The pale yellow and at the base dark wine-red petals are fused to form a 3.1 to 3.4 centimeter long corolla tube with three pale yellow corolla lobes, which are densely hairy on the inside. The middle hairless corolla lobe is 3.3 to 3.4 centimeters long and 1.5 to 1.6 centimeters wide and obovate with a pocket-shaped and beaked upper end. The two lateral, hairless corolla lobes are 3.1 to 3.2 centimeters long and 1.2 to 1.3 centimeters wide, slightly smaller, inverted-lanceolate in shape and folded inwards near the tip. Only the middle of the 2.3 to 2.6 cm long stamens of the inner circle is fertile ; it has a 0.9 to 1 centimeter long and about 0.3 centimeter wide stamen finely haired on the inside . The two pale yellow halves of the dust bag are elongated with a length of 1.1 to 1.3 centimeters and a width of around 0.1 centimeters. A few of the staminodes of the inner circle have fused into a pale yellow and in the middle red, obovate labellum , which is 3.3 to 3.5 inches long and 2.7 to 3 inches wide. The labellum has a wrinkled-looking, somewhat notched edge and is densely covered with hair on the inside along the central axis. The lateral staminodes, which are pale yellow on the bald tip and red on the downy hairy base, are about 0.5 centimeters long. Three carpels are long to a dreikammerigen and about 0.5 centimeters and about 0.4 centimeters wide, fluffy hairy ovary adherent to numerous ovules in each ovary chamber. The pen , about 4.9 centimeters long, is oblong. The almost spherical scar has a diameter of around 1 millimeter.
Each inflorescence can form two to seven capsule fruits , which are 11 to 18.5 centimeters long and 4 to 4.5 centimeters wide. With a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters, the capsule fruits are colored green when ripe. They have a downy, hairy, ten to twelve-fold furrowed surface and contain many seeds. The black seeds are 3 to 4 millimeters long and have a white aril .
Occurrence
The natural range of Amomum andamanicum is on the Andaman Islands, which belong to India and are located in the eastern Indian Ocean . As far as is known so far, it includes the two islands of North Andaman Island and South Andaman Island . It can be found there in evergreen forests at altitudes of 200 to 250 meters, where it grows along flowing waters as well as on slopes and on the edges of forests.
Taxonomy
It was first described as Amomum andamanicum in 2010 by VP Thomas , Mathew Dan and Mamiyil Sabu in Blumea , Volume 55, Number 3, Page 295. The specific epithet andamanicum refers to the occurrence of the species on the Andamans .
swell
- VP Thomas, M. Dan, M. Sabu, MA Jabbar: Amomum andamanicum (Zingiberaceae): a new species from the Andaman Islands, India . In: Blumea . tape 55 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 295-299 , doi : 10.3767 / 000651910X550954 .