Amomum chryseum

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Amomum chryseum
Systematics
Order : Gingery (Zingiberales)
Family : Ginger family (Zingiberaceae)
Subfamily : Alpinioideae
Tribe : Alpinieae
Genre : Amomum
Type : Amomum chryseum
Scientific name
Amomum chryseum
Lamxay & MF Newman

Amomum chryseum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in central Laos .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Amomum chryseum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of about 80 centimeters. The red rhizomes are about 0.8 centimeters thick and covered with scales on the outside. The leathery, hairless on the outside and grooved dark brown scales are triangular with a length of 1 to 2 centimeters wide with a pointed upper end. The rhizome is about 5 centimeters long between the individual “pseudostems”. From each rhizome about 20 clump-forming shoot axes or “pseudostems” go off. At the slightly swollen base with a diameter of around 1 centimeter, the stems have red to greenish red, hairless and grooved leaf sheaths . The green and leathery ligule are hairless on the outside and are about 1 centimeter long; its upper end is margined to a short double lobed and the margins are whole.

Each stem has about five to eight leaves . These are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The green runny petiole is bare and is about 5 to 17 inches long and about 0.3 inches thick. The simple and folded leaf blade is 25 to 30 centimeters long and 6 to 10 centimeters wide, obovate-elliptical, elongated or elliptical with a pointed leaf base and a pointed or long tailed upper end. The green top of the leaf is bare just like the green underside. The leaf blades show a conspicuous leaf veins on the underside. The leaf margins are entire.

Generative characteristics

Close to the base of the stem from the rhizome, on a 3 to 5 centimeter long and 0.5 centimeter thick, reddish pink-red and hairless inflorescence stem, an ellipsoid inflorescence with a length of 3 to 5 centimeters and a diameter of 1 to 2 centimeters develops , in which the flowers are close together. A few inflorescences are formed per stem and one or two flowers bloom at the same time. The inflorescence shaft is covered with pink-red, leathery, finely grooved and externally shiny and hairless scales with entire and very short ciliate edges, a trimmed to edged upper end and a short spur , which can be differently shaped. The scales at the base of the shaft are triangular with a length of 1 to 1.5 centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 2 centimeters, while in the upper shaft area they are egg-shaped and between 3 and 4 centimeters long and 2 to 2.5 Be inches wide. The tips of the scales dry up after a short time and fall off. The light pink-red, hairless, grooved and leathery bracts are elongated-lanceolate with a length of 2.5 to 4 centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 2 centimeters with truncated to rounded, cap-shaped upper end and entire margins. Each of the bracts has one or two flowers. The whitish-pink, leathery, bald and grooved 1 to 1.5 centimeters long and 0.3 to 0.5 centimeters wide, elongated-lanceolate bracts are not fused into a tube, but open. Their point ends sharply and the edges are ciliate.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold with double, yellow perianths . The three pink-red to white and leathery sepals are tubularly fused with one another over a length of 1 to 1.25 centimeters and are about the same length with a length of 2 to 2.5 centimeters and a width of 0.3 to 0.5 centimeters the corolla tube. They are triple-serrated, with the calyx teeth being 0.4 to 0.5 centimeters long and have a hairless and grooved outside and a pointed, cap-shaped tip with a spur about 0.2 centimeters long . The three yellow and 4 to 5 centimeters long and bare petals are fused to form a corolla tube about 2 to 2.5 centimeters long. There are three also yellow and hairless corolla lobes with cap-shaped tips which are 3 to 4 centimeters long and about 1 centimeter wide. Only the middle of the stamens of the inner circle is fertile . The fertile stamen has a flattened, about 1 centimeter long and 0.3 to 0.4 centimeter wide, bare, white stamen . The two yellow halves of the hairless anthers are elongated with a length of about 1 centimeter and a width of about 0.5 centimeters. The staminodes of the inner circle have grown together to form a labellum . The 3 to 4 centimeters long, membrane-like and folded labellum is yellow with red dots at the base and translucent lines that run to the edge; it has a triple lobed tip. The lateral, membrane-like and yellowish white staminodes are elongated with a length of about 1 centimeter and a width of 0.2 to 0.3 centimeters. Three carpels are a dreikammerigen, hairless, spherical with a diameter of about 0.5 centimeters and grooved ovary grown. Each of the spherical ovary chambers contains about 20 ovules . The stylus is hairless and ends in a cup-shaped and hairless scar with ciliated tip.

The shaft of the infructescence is pinkish red to greenish red, glabrous, about 7 to 10 centimeters long and about 1 centimeter thick. In a 3 to 5 centimeter thick fruit stand there are about three to five winged capsule fruits . The egg-shaped capsule fruits with a length of 1.5 to 2 centimeters and a diameter of 0.8 to 1 centimeter are greenish in color. The hairless surface of the fruit has nine, about 0.5 centimeter wide wings. Each of the three fruit compartments contains 15 to 20 seeds. The white to black seeds are about 3 millimeters in diameter and are obovate to spherical and have a white aril .

Occurrence

The natural range of Amomum chryseum is in central Laos . It includes deposits in the provinces of Bolikhamsai and Khammouan . The species thrives at altitudes of 380 to 725 meters in shady locations and between rocks in evergreen forests, on chalky soils .

Taxonomy

It was first described as Amomum chryseum in 2012 by Vichith Lamxay and Mark Fleming Newman in the Edinburgh Journal of Botany , Volume 69, Number 1, Page 124.

Hazard and protection

Amomum chryseum is in the red list of the IUCN out "not at risk" since 2011 as well. The population of the species is regarded as stable despite its small distribution area.

swell

  • Vichith Lamxay, MF Newman: A revision of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in Camboida, Laos and Vietnam . In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany . tape 69 , no. 1 . Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2012, p. 99-206 , doi : 10.1017 / S0960428611000436 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Vichith Lamxay, MF Newman: A revision of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in Camboida, Laos and Vietnam . In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany . tape 69 , no. 1 . Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2012, p. 99-206 , doi : 10.1017 / S0960428611000436 .
  2. ↑ a b Amomum chryseum in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2017. Posted by: V. Lamxay, J. Leong-Skornickova, HD Tran, M. Newman & S. Bouamanivong ,, 2011. Retrieved on 4 May 2018th

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