Amomum dampuianum
| Amomum dampuianum | ||||||||||||
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| Amomum dampuianum | ||||||||||||
| VPThomas , M.Sabu & Lalramngh. |
Amomum dampuianum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in northeast India.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Amomum dampuianum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of 1 to 1.5 meters. With a diameter of 0.3 to 0.4 centimeters, the rhizomes are creamy white on the inside, covered with scales on the outside and form runners. The paper-like and bare scales are elongated at a length of about 2 centimeters. From each rhizome there are several slender shoot axes . At the base, the stems have a green, bare leaf sheath with membrane-like edges, which are about 1 centimeter wide. The leathery and glabrous ligules are 0.2 to 0.4 inches long with a trimmed to edged upper end.
Each stem has eight to nine leaves. The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The green leaf stalk is 2 to 3.5 inches long and glabrous. The simple leaf blade is 33 to 47 centimeters long and 2.5 to 4.5 centimeters wide, linear-lanceolate with an unequal leaf base and a pointed upper end. The dark green upper side of the leaf is bare just like the pale green lower side. The leaf blades have a pressed leaf vein on the upper side. The leaf margins are bare just like the green midrib. When injured, the leaves give off a fragrant odor.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period as well as the fruit ripeness of Amomum dampuianum covers the months from March to July. At the base of the "pseudostem", directly from the rhizome, one or two inflorescences develop on a 0 to 1 centimeter long inflorescence stem , 3 to 4 centimeters long and in which the three to four flowers are close together. The pinkish red and white at the tip, hairy on the outside and leathery bracts are egg-shaped with a length of about 2.3 centimeters and a width of about 2.2 centimeters with spiky upper end and bare edges. The white leathery prophylls , hairy on the outside at the tip, are ovate with a length of 3.6 to 4 centimeters and a width of 1.6 to 1.9 centimeters with a pointed upper end and bare edges.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a length of 7.8 to 9.2 centimeters and triple with white double perianth . The three outside, with the exception of the sparsely hairy tip, bald, white sepals are tubularly fused with one another and are about the same size as the corolla tube with a length of 3.5 to 5.4 centimeters and a diameter of 0.8 to 0.9 centimeters. The three calyx lobes are about 1.9 centimeters long and two of them have a small spike tip. The white petals are fused into a corolla tube 3.8 to 5.4 centimeters long and about 0.4 centimeters wide, with downy hair on the outside. The three corolla lobes, also white, are bare on the outside as well as on the inside. The middle corolla lobe is 3.3 to 3.5 centimeters long and 1.3 to 1.4 centimeters wide, obovate-oblong with a spiky top end and ciliate edges at the base. The two lateral corolla lobes are 3 to 3.4 centimeters long and 1 to 1.3 centimeters wide and are somewhat narrower, lanceolate in shape and have a ciliate lower edge. Only the middle stamen of the inner circle is fertile . The fertile stamen 2.3 to 2.6 centimeters long has a 0.8 to 1 centimeter long and 0.2 to 0.3 centimeter wide, downy hairy above and bare, white stamen below . The two cream-colored halves of the hairless anthers are elongated with a length of 1 to 1.2 centimeters. Three of the staminodes of the inner circle have fused into a white labellum with downy hair on the inside with a red center and yellow tip, which is 4 to 4.2 centimeters long and around 2.7 centimeters wide at the tip. The lateral staminodes with dense downy hair at the base, speckled with red, are awl-shaped with a length of 0.3 centimeters. Three carpels are a bare, dreikammerigen, pale pink ovary fused having with a length of 0.4 to 0.5 centimeters and a diameter of about 0.3 centimeters. Each ovary chamber contains numerous ovules . The 6.1 to 6.5 centimeters long stylus is bald. The scar is cup-shaped with a diameter of about 1.5 millimeters.
On a 3 to 4 centimeter long stem, which can also be partially underground, there is a 3 to 5 centimeter long fruit cluster, which can contain two to three capsule fruits . The spherical, winged capsule fruits with a diameter of about 2 centimeters turn dark chestnut brown when ripe. The surface of the fruit flaps is bare. The capsule fruits contain many seeds. The brown seeds are irregularly shaped with a length of 3 to 4 millimeters and a diameter of about 3 millimeters, and have a white aril .
Occurrence
The natural range of Amomum dampuianum is in the state of Mizoram in northeast India . As far as is known so far, it only includes the Dampui Reserve Forest located in the Mamit district . It thrives there in evergreen forests.
Taxonomy
It was first described as Amomum dampuianum in 2013 by VP Thomas , Mamiyil Sabu and H. Lalramnghinglova in Nordic Journal of Botany , Volume 31, Number 5, Page 561. The specific epithet dampuianum refers to the occurrence of the species in the Dampui Reserve Forest .
swell
- VP Thomas, M. Sabu, H. Lalramnghinglova: Amomum dampuianum and A. mizoramense spp. nov. (Zingiberaceae) from Mizoram, northeast India . In: Nordic Journal of Botany . tape 31 , no. 5 , 2013, p. 561-568 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1756-1051.2012.01312.x .