Amomum sabuanum
| Amomum sabuanum | ||||||||||||
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| Amomum sabuanum | ||||||||||||
| VPThomas , Nissar & U.Gupta |
Amomum sabuanum is a species of the genus Amomum withinthe ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in northeast India.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Amomum sabuanum grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of 1.2 to 2 meters. The strong and stiff rhizomes do not form runners, are 4 to 5 centimeters thick, are creamy white on the inside and covered with scales on the outside. From each rhizome there are several strong stem axes that stand together like a cluster . At the base, the stems have fluffy hairy leaf sheaths on the outside , which are between 3 and 4 centimeters wide. These leaf sheaths are dark purple to wine red at the base, the green tip is mottled pink and the edges are ciliate. The entire, leathery and wine-red ligules are covered with fluffy hair on the outside and are 0.4 to 0.9 centimeters long; their upper end is rounded.
Each stem has five to seven leaves. The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The green colored and pink speckled petiole is 3 to 6 inches long and is densely hairy on the inside while the outside is bald. The simple leaf blade is 40 to 73 centimeters long and 9.5 to 18.5 centimeters wide and obovate with a wedge-shaped leaf base and a pointed upper end, which can be up to 1.5 centimeters long. The dark green upper side of the leaf is hairless like the blue-green underside with the exception of the leaf edge. The bald midrib is pink and the leaves have numerous, pressed leaf veins. The leaf margins are ciliate and somewhat wavy.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period as well as the fruit ripeness of Amomum sabuanum covers the months May to August. Directly from the rhizome, on an inflorescence shaft up to 1 centimeter long, a wrap-like inflorescence develops , which is 6.5 to 10.5 centimeters long and in which numerous flowers stand close together. The outer, sterile and brown and on the outside golden yellow hairy bracts are egg-shaped with a length of 2.7 to 3.5 centimeters and a width of 2 to 3 centimeters wide. The inner, white and densely hairy bracts are elongated with a length of 3 to 3.2 centimeters and a width of 1.3 to 1.8 centimeters; its tip is rounded. Each of the bracts bears three to four fully developed and one to two barely developed flowers. The non-tubular and white prophylls are lanceolate to triangular with a length of 1 to 4 centimeters and a width of 0.5 to 1.3 centimeters, their tip is pointed and their outside is densely hairy.
The hermaphroditic, white and pale pink speckled flowers are zygomorphic and triple with double perianth with a length of 5.8 to 7 centimeters . The three almost equally large, white sepals with downy hair on the outside are tubularly fused together and are 4 and 4.6 inches long and between 0.4 and 0.9 inches wide. All three sepals are horned at the tip. The white and pink speckled petals are fused to form a corolla tube 2.4 to 2.7 centimeters long and 0.6 to 0.7 centimeters wide with three corolla lobes, also white and pink speckled, which are downy on the outside and shaggy on the inside are. The middle, on the inside bare crown lobe is elongated with a length of 3 to 3.2 centimeters and a width of 1.3 to 1.4 centimeters with a concealed, sharply pointed upper end. The two lateral corolla lobes are a bit smaller with a length of 2.6 to 2.8 centimeters and a width of 1.1 to 1.3 centimeters, but are also elongated and slightly folded on one side. Only the middle of the 2.2 to 2.5 cm long stamens of the inner circle is fertile ; it has an approximately 1.1 centimeter long and 0.5 to 0.6 centimeter wide, hairy, creamy white stamen on the outside . The two cream-white halves of the anthers are elongated with a length of 1.2 to 1.3 centimeters. Three of the staminodes of the inner circle have fused into a white, with pinkish-red speckles and dark pink, obovate labellum in the middle , which is 3 to 3.1 centimeters long and 2.2 to 2.6 centimeters wide. The labellum has a wrinkled-looking, finely notched edge and is covered with downy hair on the inside along the central axis. The lateral, hairless, white and pink speckled staminodes with a length of 0.7 to 0.9 centimeters and a width of 0.2 to 0.3 centimeters lanceolate. Three carpels are a dreikammerigen long and 0.5 to 0.7 centimeters and about 0.7 centimeters wide, closely fluffy hairy spherical ovary adherent to numerous ovules in each ovary chamber. The stylus is about 4.4 centimeters long and hairless. The cup-shaped, red speckled scar has a diameter of around 1 millimeter.
Each inflorescence can form numerous capsule fruits , which are located in a 10 to 12 centimeter long fruit cluster. With a length of 2 to 2.5 centimeters and a thickness of 2.5 to 3 centimeters, the spherical capsule fruits are colored wine-red when ripe and speckled green. They have a downy, hairy surface and contain many seeds. The angular brown seeds are 3 to 4 millimeters long, just as wide and have a white aril . The seeds give off a fragrant smell.
Occurrence
The natural range of Amomum sabuanum is in the state of Sikkim in northeast India . As far as known so far, it only includes the mountains of the Himalayan Mountains in the East Sikkim district . You can find them there at altitudes of over 1000 meters.
Taxonomy
It was first described as Amomum sabuanum in 2014 by VP Thomas , VA Muhammed Nissar and U. Gupta in Phytotaxa , volume 159, number 2, page 122. The specific epithet sabuanum honors the Indian botanist Mamiyil Sabu , who is part of the taxonomy of the Indian representatives of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) has earned.
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- VP Thomas, VA Muhammed Nissar, U. Gupta: Amomum sabuanum (Zingiberaceae): A new species from Sikkim, India . In: Phytotaxa . tape 159 , no. 2 . Magnolia Press, 2014, ISSN 1179-3155 , pp. 122-126 , doi : 10.11646 / phytotaxa.159.2.6 .