Ants Piip

Ants Piip (1923)

Ants Piip (also Anton Piip; * 16 February ^July / 28 February  1884 ^greg. On the farm Karu-Kukke, rural community Tuhalaane , today rural community Karksi , Viljandi district ; † October 1, 1942 in Solikamsk , Molotov Oblast ) was a Estonian politician and diplomat. He was foreign minister several times and in 1920/1921 head of state and government of the Republic of Estonia .

Education

Ants Piip studied after high school in Kuressaare on the teacher training college of Kuldīga . 1903-1905 he was a teacher in Alūksne , then at the Orthodox parish school of Kuressaare on the island of Saaremaa . From 1906 to 1912 Piip taught at the Maritime School of Kuressaare, then from 1913 to 1915 at a business school in the Russian capital Saint Petersburg . In 1906/07 Piip was also employed as an editor for the newspaper Hääl in Kuressaare.

He studied law at the same time from 1908 to 1913 at the University of Saint Petersburg and in 1912 in Berlin . From 1913 to 1916 he was employed at the University of Saint Petersburg with a scholarship. In 1916 he obtained a master's degree in law. In 1917 he was a private lecturer at the University of Saint Petersburg for international law and an official of the Russian Ministry of Interior and Justice. Increasingly he became politically active.

Politician and diplomat

In 1917/18 Piip was a member of the provisional parliament of the Estonia governorate . The state parliament appointed him on November 29, 1917 as the government's first foreign representative.

With the proclamation of Estonian independence in 1918, Piip was appointed envoy to Great Britain . He played a major role in winning the government in London for military support for the bourgeois Estonian government in the Estonian War of Independence against Soviet Russia . Piip was on February 2, 1920 a signatory of the Tartu Peace Treaty between the Republic of Estonia and Soviet Russia.

Piip was a member of the Estonian delegation to the Paris Peace Conference in 1919/20 and served as personal advisor to the Estonian Foreign Minister. His diplomatic career took him from 1923 to 1925 as the Estonian envoy to the United States .

Ants Piip was a leading member of the Social Democratic Estonian Labor Party ( Eesti Tööerakond ). In 1923 he was briefly editor-in-chief of the party-affiliated newspaper Vaba Maa .

From 1930 to 1940 Piip was a member of the Tartu City Council . He served as its chairman from 1935 to 1938.

He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Estonia ( Asutav Kogu ) in 1919/20 and was a member of the first term of the Estonian Parliament ( Riigikogu ) from 1920 to 1923 . From 1938 to 1940 he was again a member of parliament ( Riigivolikogu ).

From October 1920 to January 1921 Piip was Estonian head of state and government. He was a member of numerous Estonian cabinets:

cabinet	Department	Term of office	Political party
Strandman I	Foreign minister	09.10.1919 - 18.11.1919	ETE
Piip I	Prime Minister	10/26/1920 - 12/20/1920	ETE
Piip I	State Elder	December 21, 1920 - January 25, 1921	ETE
Piip I	Foreign Minister (executive)	01/14/1921 - 01/25/1921	ETE
Piip I	Minister of War (executive)	01/14/1921 - 01/25/1921	ETE
Päts I	Foreign minister	January 25, 1921 - October 20, 1922	ETE
Teemant I	Foreign minister	December 15, 1925 - July 23, 1926	ETE
Tõnisson IV	Foreign minister	May 18, 1933 - October 21, 1933	RKE
Uluots I	Foreign minister	October 12, 1939 - June 21, 1940	-

jurist

From 1914 to 1940, Ants Piip worked as a lawyer alongside his political and diplomatic work. In 1923 he was admitted to the court. 1919-1924 he acted as a deputy chair for international law at the University of Tartu , then until 1940 as a full professor. From 1930 to 1939 he was chairman of the university's academic court.

From 1932 to 1940 he was a member of the Academic Legal Association and from 1929 to 1940 chairman of the Estonian Pan-European Union . He was a member of the 1915 Grotius Society in London.

Ants Piip has presented numerous legal publications.

Arrest and death

After the Soviet occupation of Estonia, Ants Piip was arrested by the NKVD on June 30, 1941 . He died in the fall of 1942 in a Soviet prison camp in Molotov Oblast .

Private life

Ants Piip was married to Benita Piip. The couple had a son, Ants-Tõnis Piip (1921–1942).

literature

• Eesti elulood. Tallinn: Eesti entsüklopeediakirjastus 2000 (= Eesti Entsüklopeedia 14) ISBN 9985-70-064-3 , p. 371

Web links

• Biography of the Estonian Presidential Office
• Works by Ants Piip in the holdings of the Estonian National Library in Tallinn

Individual evidence

1. ↑ nlib.ee: EEESTIMAA KUBERMANGU AJUTISE MAANÕUKOGU LIIKMED ( Memento of the original from April 26, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ http://www.president.ee/en/republic-of-estonia/heads-of-state/5117-ants-piip/layout-headofstate.html