Archibald Geikie

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Archibald Geikie.

Sir Archibald Geikie (born December 28, 1835 in Edinburgh , † November 10, 1924 in Haslemere ) was a British geologist .

Live and act

Archibald Geikie was the eldest son of James Stuart Geikie. His younger brother James Geikie was also a well-known geologist and Geikie's successor as Murchison Professor in Edinburgh. He attended the University of Edinburgh and was from 1855 on the Geological Survey under Roderick Murchison , with whom he also befriended and whose biography he later wrote. In 1867 he became head of the Geological Survey in Scotland.

He was the first Murchison Professor of Geology at Edinburgh University from 1871 to 1882 . From 1882 he was director of the Museum of Practical Geology in London and director general of the Geological Survey of Great Britain as the successor to Andrew Crombie Ramsay .

Geikie made significant contributions to Ice Age research (in an 1863 essay on Ice Age glacial effects in Scotland) geomorphology , for example river valley erosion, volcanology (especially in Great Britain, where he first studied the relics of volcanic activity on Skye and the Outer Hebrides) and petrography , where he dealt microscopically with thin sections of rock.

In 1871 he married Alice Gabrielle Anne Marie Pignatel († 1916), the daughter of Eugene Pignatel from Lyon, with whom he had a son and three daughters.

In 1862 he published a geological map of Scotland with Murchison and a larger version in 1892. In 1897 he published a geological map of England and Wales.

Honors

Geikie was elected in 1865 as a member (" Fellow ") in the Royal Society , which in 1896 awarded him the Royal Medal . From 1908 to 1913 he was President of the Royal Society. Since 1981 he was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .

He was also a member of the Geological Society of London , which awarded him the Murchison Medal in 1881 and the Wollaston Medal in 1895 . He was an elected member of the American Philosophical Society since 1880. In 1889 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1895 he was elected a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1898 the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome elected him as a foreign member, in 1900 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , in 1901 to the National Academy of Sciences and in 1917 to the Académie des Sciences in Paris.

In 1891 Geikie was beaten to a Knight Bachelor degree . In 1907 he was named Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB), and in 1913 he was awarded the Order of Merit .

Geikie, John Wesley Powell , Charles Doolittle Walcott 1897 on a field trip to Harpers Ferry

The Dorsa Geikie on the moon, the mineral geikilite and the Geikie Gorge in Napier rank in the Kimberley region in Western Australia are named after him. He is also the namesake of the Geikie Glacier on South Georgia as well as the Geikie Inlet bay and the Geikie Ridge mountain range in East Antarctic Victoria Land.

Fonts

  • The Story of a Boulder; or, Gleanings from the Note-Book of a Geologist , Edinburgh, Thomas Constable and Co., 1858
  • Scenery of Scotland , 1865, 3rd edition 1901
  • The life of Sir Roderick Murchison , 2 volumes, J. Murray 1875
  • Physical Geography , Appleton 1877
  • Text-Book of Geology , 1882, 3rd edition Macmillan 1893, online
  • Geological sketches at home and abroad , Macmillan 1882, online
  • An elementary geography of the British Isles , Macmillan 1888
  • Types of scenery and their influence on literature , Macmillan 1898
  • The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain , Macmillan 1897, online
  • The Founders of Geology , Macmillan 1897, online
  • Elementary lessons in physical geography , Macmillan 1903
  • Scottish reminiscences , 1904
  • Landscape in history and other essays , Macmillan 1905, Online
  • Birds of Shakespeare , 1916
  • The Geology of Central and Western Fife and Kinross , Geological Survey 1900
  • The Geology of Eastern Fife , Geological Survey 1902

Web links

Commons : Archibald Geikie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b History of the GeoSciences at the Grant Institute ( Memento of September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on the website of the School of Geosciences at the University of Edinburgh; Retrieved November 18, 2015.
  2. ↑ On the Phenomena of the Glacial Drift of Scotland , Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow, 1863. But better known are his brother's publications on it.
  3. ^ Fellows Directory. Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed December 7, 2019 .
  4. ^ Member History: Sir Archibald Geikie. American Philosophical Society, accessed August 17, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Member entry of Sir Archibald Geikie at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 7, 2016.
  6. ↑ Member entry by Sir Archibald Geikie, OM, KCB, PRS, FRSE (with picture) at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on February 7, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Geikie, Archibald
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British geologist
DATE OF BIRTH December 28, 1835
PLACE OF BIRTH Edinburgh
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1924
Place of death Haslemere