New World Parrots

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New World Parrots
Sun Parakeet (Aratinga solstitialis)

Sun Parakeet ( Aratinga solstitialis )

Systematics
Sub-stem : Vertebrates (vertebrata)
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Parrots (Psittaciformes)
Family : True parrots (Psittacidae)
Subfamily : New World Parrots
Scientific name
Arinae
GR Gray , 1840

The New World Parrots (Arinae) are a species-rich subfamily of the family of the real parrots . All short- and long-tailed Neotropical parrots are assigned to the New World parrots. There are around 150 species in total. The New World parrots differ from the parrots of the Old World in various morphological features. Their closest relatives are the African gray parrot ( Psittacus erithacus ) and the long-winged parrots ( Poicephalus ), which together form the subfamily Psittacinae within the real parrots.

distribution

The species' habitats range from northwest and eastern Mexico to Tierra del Fuego , including many islands in the Greater and Lesser Antilles and the Bahamas . By the end of the 19th century, the neotropical parrots with the Carolinas were even distributed as far as the northeastern United States. In Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil, especially on the slopes of the eastern Andes, the biodiversity is particularly great. The habitats of the neotropical parrots are diverse, they reach from the lowland rainforests high up to the high altitude of the Andes (over 6000 m) and also into the dry forests and thorn bush savannas.

Tribal history

It is believed that the New World parrots split off from the parrot stem line in the late Cretaceous period . The oldest fossil attributed to the New World parrots comes from Nebraska , is 20 million years old and has been described as Conuropsis fraercula . It is just a humerus bone that is very similar to that of the extinct Caroline Parakeet . A much more recent find, consisting of a piece of skull and a left humerus, was found in the Argentine province of Buenos Aires . The species was called Cyanoliseus ensenadensis and is closely related to the recent rock parakeet . A fossil representative of the Macaws is Aratinga roosevelti , which was found in Ecuador . The last two fossil species mentioned are around a million years old and thus come from the middle Pleistocene .

The genera and species

Scarlet Macaw
Golden parakeet
Monk parakeet
Yellow-cheeked Parrot

The following species belong to the New World parrots:

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Leo Joseph, Alicia Toon, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Timothy F. Wright & Richard Schodde: A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes) . Zootaxa 3205: 26-40 (2012), ISSN  1175-5326
  2. ↑ David W. Winkler, Shawn M. Billerman, Irby J. Lovette: Bird Families of the World: A Guide to the Spectacular Diversity of Birds. Lynx Edicions (2015), ISBN 978-8494189203 . Page 264–267.
  3. ^ Lantermann, page 463
  4. ^ Rowley, Ian (1997), Family Psittacidae , p. 284, in Josep, del Hoyo; Andrew, Elliott; Jordi, Sargatal, Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 4, Sandgrouse to Cuckoos , Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 246-269, ISBN 978-84-87334-22-1
  5. ^ Lantermann, page 61
  6. ↑ Gill, F&D Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v9.1). doi: 10.14344 / IOC.ML.9.0

Web links

Commons : New World Parrots  - Collection of images, videos and audio files