August Kapell

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August Kapell

August Heinrich Karl Franz Kapell (born March 21, 1844 in Berlin ; † November 6, 1922 in Hamburg ) was a German carpenter , social democratic politician, trade unionist , innkeeper and brewery owner .

Life

August Kapell son of Johann Carl Kapell and his wife Friederike Dorothea, b. Greve , attended elementary school in Berlin and then trained as a carpenter. As a non-commissioned officer he took part in the German War of 1866 and the Franco-German War of 1870/71. From 1869 he worked as an agitator in various places for the Berlin Workers' Union , which was influenced by the ADAV . Here he was one of the fanatical party members. In dealing with hostile competition, e.g. B. against Carl Hirsch , he also used anti-Semitism to help. From 1871 he was employed by the Berlin Workers' Union and received a salary of 30 thalers. In Berlin he was the seat editor of the New Social Democrat .

On March 13, 1871, Kapell, Gustav Lübkert and W. Rost gave a lecture at an event organized by the workers 'association on the Reichstag, the death penalty, the Berlin housing shortage and a Viennese tailors ' strike . On July 16, 1871, Kapell spoke at an ADAV event on the war question. In 1872 he wrote a popular and agitational play against Max Hirsch , which was titled Dr. Max Hirschkuh, or The Office of the Hypocrite was also listed. Kapell's stance on the union question was partly contradictory. On the one hand he was in favor of the domination of the trade unions by the ADAV, on the other hand, with the establishment of the German Carpenter's Association in 1873, he founded a more independent trade union than the ADAV. August Kapell was accused in 1874 by the notorious public prosecutor Hermann Tessendorf of having incited violence and he requested a one-year sentence. The court ruled nine months, and the higher court finally ruled Kapell's prison for three months.

At the unification congress for the Socialist Workers' Party (SAPD) from May 22nd to 27th, 1875 in Gotha , he was elected as a delegate for Bernburg , Nienstedt and Rostock and represented 115 party members. After the Berlin Court of Appeal had ordered the temporary dissolution of the SAPD on April 2, 1876 and the German Carpenter's Association , which was headed by Kapell, had been dissolved on May 24, 1876 , Kapell went to Hamburg and continued the association's activities as a German carpenter 's trade.

Kapell represented the Bremerhaven comrades as a delegate at the party congress in Gotha from August 19 to 23, 1876 . Here he wrote for the Hamburg-Altonaer Volksblatt and the Rechts-Zeitung. Daily newspaper for Hamburg-Altona and the surrounding area . Together with his brother Otto, both ran a restaurant and a small beer brewery in Hamburg. From August 1877 he published the union newspaper Pionier with August Geib . Kapell represented the Reichstag constituency Hamburg 5 - Bergedorf as a delegate at the party congress from May 27 to 29, 1877 in Gotha, where he gave a lecture on socialism and the petty bourgeoisie .

On February 24-25, 1878, a trade union conference took place in Gotha, to which Kapell had invited and 15 trade unions followed. Since no agreement was reached, a statute and trade union union was to be decided in June 1878 in Magdeburg or, if prohibited there, in Hamburg. This did not happen because Max Hödel carried out an assassination attempt on Wilhelm I on May 11, 1878 and Dr. Karl Nobiling carried out a second assassination attempt against the emperor on June 2. On November 9, 1878, the union newspaper "Pionier" was banned. In the Reichstag election in 1878 , Kappell was in the runoff election with Robert Lucius in the Erfurt constituency . Eugen Richter , reports August Bebel , telegraphed to his party comrades: “Dear Lucius (conservative) than Kapell (the social democrat). His hatred of us blinded him to the obvious rules of election tactics. ”Robert Lucius was elected to the Reichstag for the German Conservative Party with the votes of the German Progressive Party .

From 1876 to 1878 he worked as an author and dispatcher for the Hamburg cooperative printing company. After the end of his mandate in the Reichstag, he was an innkeeper or bottled beer dealer in Hamburg. As a result of the Socialist Act , 75 people were expelled from Hamburg on November 2, 1880, including Georg Wilhelm Hartmann , a member of the Reichstag , August Kapell and his brother Otto . The Kapell brothers, like most of the deportees, went to Harburg , which at that time belonged to the Kingdom of Hanover , and lived with Heinrich Braasch. The brothers returned to Hamburg on November 21, 1881, as the expulsion was lifted. They were later accused of turning away from Social Democrats out of consideration for their business.

Politically, he no longer appeared. Together with his brother Otto he ran an inn and a wheat beer publisher in Hamburg . Whether August Kapell was in the USA cannot yet be proven.

In the Reichstag

In the Reichstag election on January 10, 1877, August Kapell won the constituency of Breslau 11- Reichenbach district . He was a member of the Reichstag from February 22, 1877 to June 11, 1878 . At the meeting of March 8, 1877, Kapell applied for the annulment of pending criminal proceedings for Wilhelm Liebknecht during the Reichstag session , which was also accepted. On March 12, 1877, he commented on the revision of the trade regulations, and on April 14, 1877, he advocated better pay and shorter working hours for the employees of the German Reichstag. On April 9, 1878, he appeared against Max Hirsch and on May 4, 1878, he turned against the demagoguery of Adolf Stöcker . Finally, on May 6, 1878, he made a speech against the employers who made concealed statements about the workers with the help of different colored documents or inks. So was z. B. Workers who went on strike marked in blue ink or paper and no employer was allowed to hire these people for the next six months if he (the employer) did not want to be fined.

Works

  • Dr. Max Hirschkuh, or The Office of the Hypocrite. Character picture from the Berlin labor movement in 2 acts . Self-published by the author; Printed by C. Ihring, Berlin 1872
  • To the social democrats of Germany. Printed by: C. Ihring Nachf. (A. Berlin), Berlin 1875
  • Submission by the board of the Central Sickness and Death Benefit Fund of the German carpenter August Kapell to the Prussian Ministry of the Interior on January 2, 1878

Speeches in the German Reichstag

  • Application regarding the suspension of criminal proceedings p. 34
  • Interpellation regarding amendment of the trade regulations . Pp. 102–104 and personal comment p. 109
  • Reich budget budget, second consultation, Reichstag, reminder of the clerks and messengers p. 480
  • Hirsch motion to amend the Liability Act . 847–850 and personal comment p. 856
  • Draft law regarding the amendment of the trade regulations, second consultation: §§ 105, 105a (Sunday work) pp. 1045-1046
  • Draft law regarding the amendment of the trade regulations, second consultation: § 112 (work books, Dinte) p. 1077
  • Draft law regarding the amendment of the trade regulations, second consultation: § 114 (payment of wages) p. 1079

literature

  • Reminder call for the election for August Kapell, issued by the workers' election committee, August Kühn in Oberlangenbielau . 1878 leaflet
  • Heinrich Bürger: The Hamburg trade unions and their struggles from 1865 to 1890 . Auer, Hamburg, p. 99 ff.
  • August Bringmann : History of the German carpenter movement. Edited on behalf of the Central Association of Carpenters and Related Professional Members of Germany . Vol. 1, JHW ​​Dietz successor, Stuttgart 1903
  • Eduard Bernstein (ed.): History of the Berlin workers' movement. A chapter on the history of German social democracy. First part: From 1848 to the enactment of the Socialist Law . Vorwärts bookstore, Berlin 1907
  • Wilhelm Blos : Memories of a Social Democrat . Vol. 1. Birk, Munich 1914
  • Theodor Müller: The history of the Breslau social democracy . D. Auvermann, Breslau 1925
  • August and Otto Kapell : In: Franz Osterroth : Biographisches Lexikon des Sozialismus. Deceased personalities . Vol. 1. JHW Dietz Nachf., Hanover 1960, p. 153.
  • Alfred Förster: The trade union policy of the German social democracy during the socialist law from the Wyden party congress in 1880 to the party congress of St. Gallen in 1887. Verlag Tribüne, Berlin 1971
  • Dieter Fricke: The German labor movement 1869-1914. A manual about their organization and activity in the class struggle . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1976
  • Karl Anders : brick by brick. The people of Bau-Steine-Erden and their unions 1869 to 1969 , Vienna 1969
  • Wolfgang Schröder: Party and trade unions. The trade union movement in the conception of revolutionary social democracy . Verlag Tribüne, Berlin 1975
  • Werner Ettelt; Hans-Dieter Krause : The struggle for a trade union policy in the German labor movement from 1868 to 1878 . Verlag Tribüne, Berlin 1975
  • Angelika Voss-Louis: Hamburg's labor movement in the change of society. A chronicle. Vol. 1 1842 to 1890 . Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1987 ( Hamburg contributions to social and contemporary history . Supplement 3) ISBN 3-7672-1008-8
  • Angela Graf : JHWDietz. 1843-1922. Publisher of the Social Democrats . JHW Dietz successor, Bonn 1998 ISBN 3-8012-4089-4

Archival material

Hamburg State Archives holdings K No. 143/144 August and Otto Kapell

Web links

Wikisource: August Kapell  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Angela Graf, p. 52.
  2. ^ FamilySearch.com
  3. ↑ Eduard Bernstein, p. 236 f. and Werner Ettelt; Hans-Dieter Krause, p. 300 and 304.
  4. ↑ Ludger Heid , Arnold Paucker : Jews and German Labor Movement until 1933. Tübingen, 1992 p. 14
  5. ^ Statute of the Berlin Workers' Union from Eduard Bernstein, p. 246.
  6. ↑ Eduard Bernstein, p. 235 ff.
  7. ↑ Eduard Bernstein, p. 209.
  8. ↑ Eduard Bernstein, p. 216.
  9. ↑ Hermann Müller, p. 399 ff. And Werner Ettelt; Hans-Dieter Krause, p. 481.
  10. ↑ Eduard Bernstein, p. 295.
  11. ↑ Dieter Fricke, p. 97.
  12. ↑ Angelika Voss-Louis, p. 173.
  13. ↑ Dieter Fricke, p. 117.
  14. ↑ pioneer. Central organ of the trade unions in Germany and the registered auxiliary (sickness and death) coffers. Hamburg . Facsimile of the edition of March 30, 1878 in Werner Ettelt; Hans-Dieter Krause, p. 611.
  15. ↑ Dieter Fricke, pp. 121 and 123.
  16. ^ Pioneer October 27th, November 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th and December 1st, 1877.
  17. ^ Alfred Förster, p. 16.
  18. ↑ August Bebel: From my life. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1983, p. 491. (August Bebel. Selected speeches and writings. Vol. 6)
  19. ^ Hamburg address books from 1889 to 1902 under the Otto Kapell company. They lived at Steinstrasse 55 (1889-1891), Fuhlentwiete 92 (1892) and Böckmannstrasse 46 (1894-1902). In 1902 Theodor Kapell took over the company, to which he had been part since 1894.
  20. ↑ Dieter Fricke, p. 556.
  21. ^ Reprinted in: Friedrich Knilli; Ursula Münchow: Early German Workers' Theater 1847-1918. A documentation . Hanser, Munich 1970, p. 144 ff.
  22. ↑ Facsimile of the GFlugblatt in: Eduard Bernstein, p. 301.
  23. ↑ Printed in: Collection of sources for the history of German social policy 1867 to 1914 . I. Department. From the time of the establishment of the Empire to the Imperial Social Message , Volume 5, Commercial Benefit Funds . The health insurance for commercial employees between self-help and state aid , edited by Florian Tennstedt and Heidi Winter. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1999, p. 527 ff. ISBN 3-534-13430-3
  24. ↑ Year of birth there deviating 1854
personal data
SURNAME Kapell, August
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kapell, August Heinrich Karl Franz (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SADP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH March 21, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH November 6, 1922
Place of death Hamburg