August moss

August Eugen Moos (born November 10, 1893 in Ulm ; † December 30, 1944 in Buchenwald concentration camp ) was a prominent German petroleum geologist of Jewish origin .

Life

Youth and Studies

August Moos was the son of Martin Moos (* 1862 in Buchau , † 1896 in Ulm ) and Marie, born Thalmessinger (* 1873). August's brother Theodor (* 1896) also belonged to the family. The father was a cousin of the shoe manufacturer Rudolf Moos (* in Buchau), founder of Salamander . The two cousins were again distant cousins of Albert Einstein , whose father also came from Buchau.

August Moos attended the Royal High School in Ulm. As a schoolboy, at the age of twelve, he founded a stone association that collected fossils , organized excursions and created geological profiles . After graduating from high school, he studied geology, mining and natural sciences at the University and Mining Academy in Berlin . After two semesters, he moved to the University of Munich .

When the First World War broke out , August Moos volunteered for the infantry in 1914 . He was used on the Western Front. In the summer of 1915 he suffered severe head injuries and was taken prisoner by the French. Between 1917 and 1919 he made several attempts to escape. He received a prison sentence after his last attempt. He was therefore not released after the armistice in 1918. His mother asked Albert Einstein for help, who in turn asked the French politician Paul Painlevé . The prisoner was finally released in February 1920. His brother Theodor fell as a lieutenant on May 27, 1918 during World War I.

August Moos finished his studies in Tübingen . In the spring of 1922 he completed his dissertation on the Geology of the Tertiary in the area between Ulm on the Danube and Donauwörth with summa cum laude.

family

August Moos married Beata Hamlet in 1929 (* February 24, 1902, † March 18, 1984). She did her doctorate in Munich in the field of paleontology . The couple had two children.

job

In November 1921, August Moos joined Anton Raky AG in Salzgitter as a geologist . In Durlach near Karlsruhe he supervised the first oil wells in Baden . In 1926 he was in Yugoslavia in the oil region near Selnica on the Mur Island . In Turkey he was involved in drilling for water and in 1929 in Styria for coal. August Moos initiated the first oil drilling in Zistersdorf . Later crude oil was produced here for the first time in Austria . In October 1929 he settled in Oedesse near Peine to scientifically work on the North German oil regions.

In 1931 he left Aton Raky AG and joined the Prussian mining and smelting company as chief geologist . He worked on the Eddesse oil field and expanded it to include fields at Fallstein, Sottorf, Etzel and Reitbrook. From 1936 Preussag camouflaged August Moos' collaboration, as he was of Jewish origin. From January 1938 to the end of 1938 he was a freelance appraiser for the Ilseder Hütte . The Elwerath sent to mediation of Alfred Bentz August moss to Yugoslavia, where he was able to leave on December 9, 1939, his family to return to work as a geologist in the oil industry. After the country was occupied by Germany, his work had to be camouflaged again, so he became an employee of the Croatian Sparkasse.

concentration camp

On July 26, 1944, he and his family were arrested. The transport lasted three weeks, passed through nine prisons and the SS penitentiary in Prague until he arrived in Bergen-Belsen on August 18, 1944 . On October 18, 1944, his mother Marie Moos, nee Thalmessinger, died of starvation in the camp. On November 28, 1944, he was separated from his family and deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp , where he was registered on December 7, 1944. According to the death certificate, he died there on December 30, 1944, according to an oral statement by the SS, however, in January 1945. His wife and daughter survived, his son died on November 9, 1945, a few months after his liberation, of the consequences of his imprisonment.

His family after 1945

The widow Beata Moos, who was a paleontologist, got a job as a librarian at the Lower Saxony State Office for Soil Research , where she worked from October 1945 until her retirement in 1967. She has published numerous palaeontological papers on ostracodic research in the Tertiary . Since 1947 she has also managed the archive of the German Geological Society , of which she became an honorary member in 1971. The daughter emigrated to the United States.

Stumbling blocks for the Moos family in Hanover

Commemoration

On July 11, 2019, three stumbling blocks for Marie, August and Walter Moos were laid by the artist Gunther Demnig in front of the last house of the Moos family in Hanover, Ferdinand-Wallbrecht-Strasse 18 . The laying took place on the initiative of the geologist Andreas Hoppe and his wife as well as the German Geological Society - Geological Association .

Fonts

August Moos: Contributions to the geology of the tertiary in the area between Ulm a. d. D. and Donauwörth. Geogr. Jahrhundert, 37, Munich 1924, pp. 167–252. This work was the first basic description of the Graupensandrinne , a Miocene erosion channel .

August Moos edited some chapters in the handbook Das Erdöl von Engler-Höfer, published in 1930 ,

August Moos and Jenö Tausz: Special geology of petroleum in Europe excluding Russia. Leipzig 1930

August Moos: The oil deposits on the Ödesse salt dome. in: Journal of the German Geological Society Volume 84 (1932), p. 465-480

August Moos and Alfred Bentz : Deutsches Erdöl , 2nd episode, Stuttgart 1934

literature

Alfred Bentz: Dr. August Moos in commemoration, in Petroleum and Coal, 1948, 1st year, No. 1, pp. 55–56. A bibliography also lists 36 writings by August Moos. His publications appeared between 1915 and 1944.
Obituaries Franz Josef Braun, Ernst Dittmer, Karl-Wilhelm Geib, Peter Hoyer, Franz Kirchheimer, Wolfgang Kosmahl, Beata Moos, Karl Picard. Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources , Hanover 1986
Resi Weglein: As a nurse in the Theresienstadt concentration camp: Memories of a Jewish woman from Ulm, Silberburg-Verlag, 1988, p. 211
Rainer Karlsch , Raymond G. Stokes: "Factor Oil". The mineral oil industry in Germany 1859–1974. CH Beck, Munich 2003, pp. 162-163. Rainer Karlsch complains that the fate of the Jewish employees who did not belong to the small leadership in the oil industry has largely remained unknown . He mentions August Moos as a representative.
Bernhard Stier, Johannes Laufer: From Preussag to TUI: Paths and changes in a company 1923-2003, Klartext Medienwerkstatt, Essen 2005, p. 177
Horst Kalthoff : "I was a democrat and a pacifist". The life of the German-Jewish citizen Otto Hecht (1900-1973) and the fate of his relatives , Donat Verlag , Bremen 2005. ISBN 978-3-938275-00-9 . The entomologist Otto Hecht was a cousin of August Moos. His mother was Rosa Thalmessinger (1870-1943).
Ingo Bergmann, Jane Collins (translation): And always remember me. Memorial Book for the Holocaust Victims of Ulm, Ulm 2013, ISBN 978-3-86281-068-0

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ http://denkmalprojekt.org/lösbaren/rjf_orte_tuvwxyz_wk1.htm

↑ International Ostracoda Newsletter ( Memento of the original dated February 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Page 12 (PDF) @1@ 2

^ Beata Hamlet in the catalog of the German National Library

^ Moos, Marie in the memorial book of the Federal Archives

^ Alfred Bentz: Dr. August Moos in commemoration, in Petroleum and Coal, 1948, 1st year, No. 1, p. 55

^ Andreas Hoppe, Heinz-Gerd Röhling : Stumbling blocks remind of the fate of the family of the oil geologist Moos . In: ARGE GMIT (ed.): Geoscientific messages . tape 77 , 2019, ISSN 1616-3931 , p. 88 f .

personal data
SURNAME	Moss, August
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Moos, August Eugen (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	major German petroleum geologist of Jewish origin
DATE OF BIRTH	November 10, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH	Ulm
DATE OF DEATH	December 30, 1944
Place of death	Buchenwald concentration camp

[1] ttp://denkmalprojekt.org/lösbaren/rjf_orte_tuvwxyz_wk1.htm