Persistent ox tongue

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Persistent ox tongue
Perennial ox tongue (Pentaglottis sempervirens)

Perennial ox tongue ( Pentaglottis sempervirens )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Family : Boraginaceae (Boraginaceae)
Subfamily : Boraginoideae
Tribe : Boragineae
Genre : Pentaglottis
Type : Persistent ox tongue
Scientific name of the  genus
Pentaglottis
exchange
Scientific name of the  species
Pentaglottis sempervirens
( L. ) LHBailey

The perennial ox-tongue ( Pentaglottis sempervirens ), also known as the Spanish ox-tongue or evergreen pent- tongue , is the only species of the plant genus Pentaglottis within the family of the predatory plants (Boraginaceae). It is common in south-western Europe.

description

Inflorescence with radially symmetrical flowers and large bracts
illustration

The perennial ox tongue grows as an evergreen, perennial herbaceous plant that rarely reaches heights of 10 to, usually 40 to 100 centimeters. The stem is erect, unbranched and hairy. The leaves stand together in a basal rosette. The basal leaves are divided into a long petiole and a leaf blade. The simple leaf blade is ovate to elongated and narrowed into the petiole.

The flowering period extends from May to June. The stinging, bristly hairy inflorescence stem is unbranched and ascending and stands in the axils of the basal leaves. 5 to 15 flowers are each grouped over a large bract in a gold-like inflorescence . The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx tube is 4 to 6 millimeters long, the calyx is 2.5 to 5 millimeters long, at the fruit time it is up to 8 millimeters long. The deep blue corolla has a diameter of 8 to 10 millimeters.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

ecology

The persistent ox tongue is a hemicryptophyte . The roots break off easily and sprout again easily, this leads to vegetative reproduction . Self-sowing can make it "annoying".

Occurrence

The natural range of the perennial ox tongue is in southwestern Europe , from central Portugal to Spain to southwestern France and Belgium. It is a neophyte in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Sweden, Germany, Italy, Canada, and the western United States. It thrives on dunes as well as on the edges of forests and meadows.

In Central Europe it is seldom planted as an ornamental plant and occasionally it grows wild. In Germany the perennial ox tongue occurs only rarely and in isolated locations: Baden-Württemberg near Karlsruhe , Rhineland-Palatinate , North Rhine-Westphalia , Hesse near Frankfurt , Saxony-Anhalt near Halle and Schleswig-Holstein .

Systematics

The first publication took place under the name ( Basionym ) Anchusa sempervirens by Carl von Linné . The new combination to Pentaglottis sempervirens (L.) LHBailey was published in 1949 by Liberty Hyde Bailey .

Pentaglottis sempervirens is the only species of the genus Pentaglottis Tausch from the tribe Boragineae in the subfamily Boraginoideae within the family Boraginaceae . A synonym for Pentaglottis exchange is Caryolopha fish. ex Trautv.

literature

  • Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 5: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Asteridae): Buddlejaceae to Caprifoliaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8001-3342-3
  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Evergreen Five Tongue. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Pentaglottis sempervirens at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ↑ Benito Valdés, 2011: Boraginaceae. : Datasheet Pentaglottis sempervirens In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  4. ^ Pentaglottis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 19, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Perennial ox tongue ( Pentaglottis sempervirens )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files