Béla Linder

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Photo in Vasárnapi Újság , November 10, 1918
The government's appeal to the soldiers to cease fighting in all
theaters of war: You have brought the most beautiful dream of longing humanity: world peace.
November 1, 1918
Béla Linder
Hungarian Minister of War
The officers of the Budapest garrison will be sworn in on November 2nd at 11 a.m. on Országház tér . Linder Minister of War

Béla Linder (born February 10, 1876 in Majs , Baranya County , Austria-Hungary ; died April 15, 1962 in Belgrade , Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ) was Imperial Colonel of the General Staff during World War I and first Minister of War from November 1, 1918 of the Kingdom of Hungary after the dissolution of the Real Union of Hungary with Imperial Austria on October 31, 1918 , the end of Austria-Hungary.

Life

Béla Linder was the son of the Hungarian politician and member of the Reichstag, György Linder, who acted as confidante of the heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand . Béla Linder became an Austro-Hungarian professional soldier in the Austro-Hungarian Army . During the First World War he served as regimental commander on the Italian front , was seriously injured and most recently had the rank and function of artillery colonel on the general staff.

During the aster revolution on October 31, 1918, he was appointed Minister-President of the Hungarian National Council, Mihály Károlyi , on the proposal of the Social Democrat Zsigmond Kunfi, who was appointed Minister-President on the same day by King Charles IV and sworn in by homo regius Joseph August of Austria National Council Chairman János Hock sworn in on November 2nd.

In place of the previous Austro-Hungarian Army High Command, Linder was now the superior of the Hungarian troops in the previously common army . He ordered the laying down of arms and demobilization of the Hungarian troops, which he was later reproached for, as Hungary had to accept the occupation of parts of Greater Hungary by Romania , Serbia and Czechoslovakia without a fight. From him the statement I don't want to see soldiers is rumored and interpreted differently in the historical-political debate.

Linder was dismissed from office by Károlyi on November 9, 1918, but remained minister without portfolio until December 6, 1918 . Since Hungary no longer felt affected by the armistice at Villa Giusti of November 3, 1918, which was signed on behalf of the Austro- Hungarian Army High Command, Linder conducted independent armistice negotiations with the Entente , which resulted in the Belgrade Military Convention on November 13, 1918 , which he signed with the French General Paul Prosper Henrys , representative of General Franchet d'Esperey , and the Serbian Commander-in-Chief Voivode Živojin Mišić .

Linder became a member of Kunfi's Social Democratic Party (MSZDP) and organized the Hungarian police union. During the rule of the Hungarian Soviet Republic , he was sent to the Hungarian embassy in Vienna by its leader and people's representative for external relations, Béla Kun , as a military attaché , where he worked from May 2 to August 5, 1919.

After the overthrow of the council government, he fled to Baranya county , which was illegally occupied by Serbia even after the signing of the Trianon Treaty on June 4, 1920, and became mayor of Pécs there on September 23, 1920 . Linder granted asylum to those persecuted by the Hungarian counter-revolution led by Admiral Horthy and played a role in the Serbian-Hungarian Republic of Baranya-Baja ( Baranya-bajai Szerb-Magyar Köztársaság ; Srpsko-mađarska republika Baranja-Baja ), which was declared on August 14, 1921 Petar Dobrović . After their early failure, he fled to Yugoslavia on August 22, 1921.

Linder now acted as an intermediary between the Yugoslav government and the democratic Hungarian exile under Mihály Károlyi until the government of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia lost interest in the Baranya and the overthrow of Horthy. Linder was still active in putschist circles among the exiled Hungary. During the German occupation of Yugoslavia in 1941, Linder was arrested by the Gestapo and, after his release from prison, hid with his family in Leskovac , where he was arrested by the Bulgarian occupation police in 1944 .

After the Second World War he was in Hungary for a short time and then returned to the now communist Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia . He was buried in the Batschka in Sombor .

literature

  • Tibor Hajdú: Linder, Béla , in: Mathias Bernath , Felix von Schroeder, Gerda Bartl: Biographical Lexicon for the History of Southeast Europe , Volume 3, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 1979, p. 36 f.
  • Mihály Károlyi: Against a whole world: my fight for peace . Verl. Für Kulturpolitik, Munich 1924 (written in Ragusa, September 1922)
  • Gyula Andrássy : Diplomacy and World War. Ullstein, Berlin / Vienna 1920

Web links

Commons : Béla Linder  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Photo in the public domain according to c: Template: PD-Hungary
  2. ↑ Linder Béla in the overview of all Hungarian defense ministers, at hungarianarmedforces (hu)
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h T. Hajdu: Linder, Béla , Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte Südosteuropas , 1979, p. 36f
  4. ↑ Mihály Károlyi: Against a Whole World: My Struggle for Peace , Verlag für Kulturpolitik, Munich 1924, p. 510
personal data
SURNAME Linder, Béla
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian military and 1918 first Minister of War in the Hungarian Republic
DATE OF BIRTH February 10, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Majs , Baranya County , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH April 15, 1962
Place of death Belgrade , Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia