Bach thistle

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Bach thistle
Bach thistle (Cirsium rivulare)

Bach thistle ( Cirsium rivulare )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Carduoideae
Tribe : Cynareae
Genre : Thistles ( Cirsium )
Type : Bach thistle
Scientific name
Cirsium rivulare
( Jacq. ) All.

The brook thistle ( Cirsium rivulare ) is a type of plant from the genus of the seared thistle ( Cirsium ) within the sunflower family (Asteraceae).

The common name drum mallet is used for the southern Swabian Alb .

description

Illustration from storm
leaves
Bach thistle ( Cirsium rivulare )

The brook thistle is a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 40 to 120 cm. The stems are woolly-tomentose, leafless in the upper area, or have only inconspicuous bracts there . The leaves are green on both sides, with short hairs, and on the underside thick, cobweb-like, woolly hairs. The leaves do not run down the stem. Therefore, the stems are mostly smooth. The basal leaves and the lowest stem leaves are not petiolate. The base of the spade is finely toothed and winged, split in a comb shape and encompasses the stem.

The cup-shaped inflorescences are two to four at the end of the stem and have a diameter of up to 2.5 centimeters. Their bracts are reddish. The flowers are purple in color. The corolla lobes are about as long as the corolla tube and five columns up to the middle. The flowering period extends from June to July. The pollination is done by insects.

The achenes are flattened cylindrical. The pappus consists of long, feathery hairy rays.

The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 34.

distribution

The brook thistle is native to sub-ocean Europe of the submeridional to temperate zone. It is common in the Alps and southern Germany , becoming less common in the north.

The brook thistle grows in forest meadows, in low moors, spring areas and ditches. It occurs preferentially on wet, nutrient-rich, rather lime-poor soils and is a pronounced fertilizer pointer. It occurs from the colline to the montane altitude , rising to an altitude of 1,600 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises up to 1200 m above sea level on the Vilsalpsee .

In the plant-sociological system it is an association character type of the Cirsietum rivularis within the Calthion association (wet and wet meadows). It also occurs less frequently in the Sanguisorbo Silaetum.

Taxonomy

Cirsium rivulare (Jacq.) All. has the synonyms: Carduus tricephalodes Lam. , Cirsium salisburgense (Willd.) G. Don , Cirsium tricephalodes (Lam.) DC. , Cnicus salisburgensis Willd.

literature

  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13th edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 (area).
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
  • Bach thistle. In: FloraWeb.de.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 102. ( online ).
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 .
  4. ↑ Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Cirsium rivulare In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Bach-Kratzdistel ( Cirsium rivulare )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files