Barium carbonate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Barium carbonate
other names	Carbonic barium Carbonic barite Witherit
Molecular formula	BaCO 3
Brief description	white, odorless solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 513-77-9 EC number 208-167-3 ECHA InfoCard 100.007.426 PubChem 10563 ChemSpider 10121 Wikidata Q409224
properties
Molar mass	197,34 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.43 g cm −3 (at 20 ° C)
Melting point	Decomposition> 1450 ° C
solubility	practically insoluble in water (0.02 g l −1 at 20 ° C) soluble in nitric acid and hydrochloric acid with decomposition
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from  Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary Caution H and P phrases H: 302 P: 262
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−1216 kJ mol −1
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Barium carbonate is the carbonate of the alkaline earth metal barium . It has the formula BaCO ₃ and occurs naturally as the mineral witherite .

It is used as a component of rat poison, as well as a component of cement and bricks .

properties

The colorless salt barium carbonate decomposes at atmospheric pressure at temperatures above 1300 ° C to form barium oxide and carbon dioxide :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {BaCO_{3(s)}\longrightarrow BaO_{(s)}+CO_{2(g)}} }$

It crystallizes orthorhombically , space group Pmcn (space group no. 62, position 5) with the lattice parameters a = 5.313 Å , b = 8.896 Å and c = 6.428 Å. There are also high-temperature shapes with the space groups R 3 m (No. 166) and Fm 3 m (No. 225) known.

use

Barium carbonate is used, for example, as a raw material for the production of industrial glass and optical glass. It is also the end product in the detection of carbon dioxide with barite water . This proof is only possible because barium carbonate is sparingly soluble in water. It is used in small quantities in the vehicle industry for storage catalytic converters .

safety instructions

Barium carbonate is harmful to health. It has an irritant effect on mucous membranes, leads to functional disorders in the central and peripheral nervous system , muscle paralysis, gastrointestinal complaints and cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction.

Web links

Commons : Barium Carbonate  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Entry on barium carbonate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 11, 2020(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Entry on barium carbonate. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on July 15, 2014.
3. ↑ Entry on barium carbonate in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
4. ↑ PAETEC formula collection 2003 edition, page 116.
5. ↑ JPR de Villiers: Crystal structures of aragonite, strontianite, and witherite. In: American Mineralogist , 56, 1971, pp. 758-766.
6. ↑ KO Strømme: On the Crystal Structures of the high-temperature forms of strontium and barium carbonates and Structurally Related Compounds. In: Acta Chemica Scandinavica , 29, 1975, pp. 105-110, doi : 10.3891 / acta.chem.scand.29a-0105 .
7. ^ William Morton: Poisoning by barium carbonate , The Lancet , 1945,2: 738-739 ( doi : 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (45) 91071-3 ).