Bharuch
| Bharuch | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| State : |
 India
|
||
| State : | Gujarat | ||
| District : | Bharuch | ||
| Sub-district : | Bharuch | ||
| Location : | 21 ° 42 ′ N , 72 ° 58 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 15 m | ||
|
Inhabitants : - Agglomeration : |
168,729 (2011) 224,210 (2011) |
||
Bharuch ( Gujarati : ભરૂચ , formerly Broach ) is a port city in the state of Gujarat in northwest India at the confluence of the Narmada in the Gulf of Khambhat . It is the capital of the Bharuch district and has around 170,000 inhabitants (2011 census).
Bharuch is a very old, historically significant port and trading city that is already mentioned in the Mahabharata . It was previously called Bharakuccha or Bhrgukaccha, in the Periplus Maris Erythraei and in Ptolemy's it is called Barygaza, in Xuanzang it is mentioned as Barakacheva. Under English colonial rule the city was called Broach.
In the future, Bharuch is to be merged into a twin town with the municipality of Ankleshwar on the other side of the river .
history
Around 500 BC Bharuch was the most important port in northern India for export to western countries. The Indian road network was already so well developed that Bharuch had road connections to the Himalayas ( Shravasti ), the Deccan ( Ujjain ), the Bay of Bengal ( Tamralipta ) and the Chaiber Pass ( Pushkalavati ). Traders used the latter route to go on to Bactria and then to China or the Caspian Sea . At that time it was exported via Bharuch. a. Nard oil from Kashmir , the Hindu Kush and Kabul ; Muslin from bengal ; Ujjain cotton fabric; Raw silk, silk yarn and silk fabric from China.
In the Periplus Maris Erythraei , around 80 AD, Bharuch is often mentioned as a destination on the monsoon route to cross the Indian Ocean . a. from Muza in ancient southern Arabia . For this route, Bharuch was the most important port for North India. Finds of Roman gold and silver coins by the emperors Augustus and Tiberius show passages in the Periplus, according to which Roman coins were imported into Bharuch and exchanged for local currency. At that time, Bharuch was the capital of the satrap Nahapana .
economy
Today the city of Bharuch only has a small port, which is mainly used by fishermen. The new Dahej seaport is five kilometers from Bharuch.
The city is the regional center of massive industrial development. In the district of Bharuch, of which the city is the capital, there are many industrial settlements, mainly in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, mechanical engineering, shipbuilding and textiles sectors. There are a total of more than 11,500 companies, including more than 70 large companies. The largest industrial area, Ankleshwar , covers over 2600 hectares.
environment
Soil erosion and salinisation of the river banks are current problems. The construction site for the controversial Sardar-Sarovar dam is on the Narmada above Baruch .
Eponyms
The Mars crater Broach has been named after the place since 1976.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Provisional Population Totals. Cities having population 1 lakh and above. (PDF; 154 kB) Census of India 2011
- ^ Provisional Population Totals. Urban Agglomerations / Cities having population 1 lakh and above. (PDF; 141 kB) Census of India 2011
- ↑ Bharuch. In: Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved June 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Broach . [city] . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 4 : Bishārīn - Calgary . London 1910, p. 620 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
- ↑ a b c Plan to develop Bharuch, Ankleshwar as twin cities . In: Times of India , February 6, 2010
- ↑ Om Prakash: Cultural History Of India . P. 399
- ↑ Eckart Olshausen, Holger Sonnabend: Stuttgart Colloquium on the Historical Geography of Antiquity, 7, 1999, p. 371
- ↑ University of Bern, Institute of Archeology ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Krishna Chandra Sagar: Foreign influence on ancient India . P. 132
- ↑ Gujarat Marine Board ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Bharuch District Profile. ( Memento of the original from January 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Industrial Extension Bureau, Govt. of Gujarat
- ^ Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature
