Basil saddler

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Basil saddler

Aegidius Basilius Sattler (born September 15, 1549 in Neuenstadt am Kocher , † November 9, 1624 in Wolfenbüttel ) was a German Lutheran theologian , general superintendent and ducal-Brunswick chief court preacher. He taught theology at the Protestant University of Helmstedt, which was newly founded in 1576 . The Orthodox Lutheran was the authoritarian head of the Braunschweig regional church for decades.

Life

Training and appointment to Wolfenbüttel

Born in the Duchy of Württemberg , Sattler studied theology in Tübingen . At the instigation of Tübingen University Chancellor Jakob Andreae , who carried out the Reformation on behalf of Duke Julius in his Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , Sattler came to Wolfenbüttel in 1569. As early as 1571, Duke Julius wanted to appoint him general superintendent of the diocese of Gandersheim, but this failed because of the resistance of the local collegiate chapter . In 1572 Sattler was appointed chief pastor at the Wolfenbüttel main church, Beatae Mariae Virginis . Since 1574 he was a permanent member of the church leadership, the consistory .

University professor in Helmstedt

At the Helmstedt State University, newly founded in 1576, Sattler was one of the first professors to teach sermons . In 1577 he received his master's degree in philosophy and was awarded his doctorate in theology on April 11, 1586. In addition to his university activities, he worked as a pastor at the Stephanikirche in Helmstedt and as general superintendent of the Helmstedt diocese.

The Huysburg protest

The eldest son of Duke Julius, the Hereditary Prince Heinrich Julius , was introduced to his office as Bishop of Halberstadt in December 1578 . In the Benedictine monastery Huysburg near Halberstadt he received the minor orders and tonsure on this occasion . The four Helmstedt theology professors, including Sattler and Timotheus Kirchner , protested against these Catholic ceremonies in a multi-page text. While Kirchner was then dismissed by the Duke in 1579, Sattler had no consequences. On the contrary, in addition to his existing offices, he was appointed to the consistorial council of the consistory, which was moved to Helmstedt in 1579. In 1586 he became the first court preacher in Wolfenbüttel as the successor to Johannes Malsius , who had lost this office due to his supposedly Calvinist sentiments.

Orthodox head of the regional church in Brunswick

Sattler gave three commemorative sermons for Duke Julius, who died in 1589, and they went to press. Under the new Duke Heinrich Julius, Wolfenbüttel again became the seat of the consistory in 1589, of which Sattler became the most influential member. As the highest general superintendent of the duchy, he was head of the Brunswick regional church for more than 35 years. After the duke had granted the consistory largely independent in 1593, Sattler was able to make authoritarian decisions on church matters. His new appointment for the office of the consistory director from 1596 contained a description of his rights and duties. In those years there was a struggle between Orthodox Lutherans such as Sattler, Daniel Hofmann and Kaspar Pfaffrad and the "humanists", including Johannes Caselius and Cornelius Martini , both in the Brunswick Church and at the University of Helmstedt . The conflict culminated in 1598 in the so-called "Hofmannstreit", which went back to the publication of a series of theses by Hofmann. The latter claimed that the church had no greater enemies than Satan than "the reason and wisdom of the flesh." The philosophers were accused of being the patriarchs of the heretics . A mixture of theology and philosophy is responsible for religious heresies. Hofmann was then expelled from the university by the Duke, but called back on the intervention of Sattler and the Duchess Elisabeth who supported him. The Orthodox Lutherans thus retained their supremacy in the duchy for many years. Their influence was increased in 1603 by the fact that the duke gave the consistory the censorship of all publications of the university. Sattler gave the funeral sermon for Duke Heinrich Julius, who died in 1613, in Wolfenbüttel. His son and successor Friedrich Ulrich was influenced by Sattler for the evangelical cause when the Thirty Years War broke out . The appointment of the humanistic theologian Georg Calixt to Professor of Controversial Theology in Helmstedt in 1614 could not prevent Sattler.

family

Sattler married Anna Maeß († 1617 in Wolfenbüttel) on June 24, 1572 in Wolfenbüttel, the daughter of Wolfenbüttel mayor Balthasar Maeß. Both had 16 children, ten of whom married. The son Julius Sattler (1587–1659) became like his father a Lutheran theologian and general superintendent. Another son, Samuel Sattler, was a physician and personal physician. The son Timotheus Andreas Sattler became a princely Brunswick bailiff in Woldenberge and had married Lucia Kniehauer. His daughter Hedwig, (* ± 1574, † November 9, 1624 in Wolfenbüttel) married the general superintendent Clus / Bad Gandersheim, Joachim Pöhling, (* ± 1570 in Hornburg, † 1646 in Clus / Gandersheim). He had also studied theology at the University of Helmstedt (i.e. with his father-in-law).

Sattler celebrated his 50th anniversary in office in 1620. He died in Wolfenbüttel in 1624 and was buried there by order of the duke near the ducal crypt in the Marienkirche. An epitaph still reminds of him today.

Fonts

Sattler's printed sermons are listed in VD17 - the directory of the 17th century prints published in German-speaking countries.

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Saddler, Basil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sattler, Aegidius Basilius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian, university professor, general superintendent and Braunschweig senior court preacher
DATE OF BIRTH September 15, 1549
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuenstadt am Kocher
DATE OF DEATH November 9, 1624
Place of death Wolfenbüttel