Bavar-373

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Bavar-373
General Information
Type Surface-to-air guided missile system
Country of origin IranIran Iran
Manufacturer Aerospace Industries Organization
development 2010-2019
Commissioning August 2019
Working time in service
Technical specifications
speed Do 6.5
Range 200 km
Service ceiling 27 km
Furnishing
steering INS , data link
Target location Seeker-Aided Ground Guidance / Track-via-Missile
Weapon platforms Vehicles, ships
Lists on the subject

Bavar-373 ( Persian باور -۳۷۳) (translated: Faith-373) is an Iranian mobile, all-weather capable long -range surface- to -air guided missile system for fighting fighter jets , drones , cruise missiles and ballistic missiles .

Surname

"Bavar" ( Persian باور) is a Persian word for belief and, in connection with the development of this system, is intended to make it clear that Iran is convinced of the success of the development. The number "373" is the Abdschad numerical value of the name of the Islamic prophet Muhammad .

history

The Bavar 373 system was initiated in 2010 when the supply contract for the S-300PMU-1 with Russia was finally canceled due to the UN sanctions in 2012. On September 22nd, 2010, then Iranian Defense Minister Ahmad Vahidi spoke to the Iranian media and said: "We have planned to produce a long-range air defense system similar to the S-300 . By God's grace and the efforts of Iranian engineers, we will gain independence in this regard." In September 2012, the Iranian Defense Ministry announced that "30% of the work" had already been completed. Brigadier General Farzad Esmaili, commander of the Khatam al-Anbiya air defense base, added that the system would become a strong competitor to the Russian S-300 , and Iran will deploy three different types of missiles for the system that have better target-tracking capabilities to identify and destroy them as the S-300 . Launch vehicles for the anti-aircraft missiles and the radar systems assigned to the Bavar-373 have already been presented to the public at military parades in Iran.

Iranian state media portray the anti-aircraft missile system as more powerful and more modern than the Russian model.

Russia reversed its decision not to equip Iran with the S-300 in 2015 and began shipping the first components of the S-300PMU-2 to Iran .

On August 21, 2016, Iranian President Hassan Rohani and Defense Minister Hosein Dehqan presented the air defense system on National Defense Industry Day.

The military science publisher " Jane's " stated after the presentation of the Bavar-373 on August 21, 2016: "The Bavar-373 is a unique Iranian system that reflects an extensive investment in the ability to manufacture phased array radars ."

The Iranian Brigadier General Mahmoud Ebrahiminejad described the Bavar-373 system as a "stronger and more reliable" than the Russian S-300PMU-2 - air defense missile system which the Iran received in 2016th

On August 22nd, 2019, Iranian Defense Industry Day, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani presented the final version of the air defense system to the public. His statements after how Iranian media reports, the system is more powerful than the Russian 300-S - anti-aircraft missile system and be more like the more modern S-400 are similar. Brigadier General Shahrokh Shahram of the Iranian Armed Forces compared the Bavar-373 anti-aircraft missile system to the Russian S-300 as well as the US missile and anti-aircraft systems THAAD and MIM-104 Patriot and claimed that it was particularly superior to the Patriot system. It has Iranian Sayyad-4 - ground to air missiles which are capable of drones , fighter aircraft and missiles at a distance of up to 200 km, and to combat in an amount of up km to 27th

technology

AESA surveillance radar on an 8 × 8 Zafar truck

A Bavar 373 battery consists of the following components:

  • A total of six guided missile launchers ( TEL ), each equipped with four rocket launch containers and mounted on 10x10 Zoljanah trucks
  • a hitherto unknown S-band - AESA -Überwachungs- and target tracking radar, which is based on a 8x8 Zafar was attached -Truck
  • an also previously unknown X-band - AESA - fire control radar , which was installed on another 8x8 Zafar truck
  • a command and control vehicle

According to the Iranian media, the Bavar-373 can track up to 100 (according to some reports 300) targets at a distance of 300 km, of which 60 can be tracked at a distance of 250 km and six targets with up to 12 Sayyad-4 missiles at one A distance of 200 km can be fought simultaneously.

The following performance data for the Bavar-373 result from the information in an infographic from the Iranian news agency Fars and the report from another Iranian agency unews :

  • Maximum search range: 320 km
  • Maximum target tracking distance: 260 km
  • Maximum intercepting distance: 200 km
  • Maximum interception altitude: 27 km
  • Minimum detectable radar cross-section of the target: 0.001 m²
  • Maximum number of targets that can be tracked: 300
  • Number of targets that can be fought at the same time: 6
  • Number of missiles that can be directed at the same time: 12
  • Rocket launch method: hot launch , vertical launching system
  • Number of starting devices per battery: 6

Iran is already planning to further develop the system to cover greater ranges.

Radars

Meraj-4

In the past, another Iranian reconnaissance and target tracking radar named Meraj-4 has been assigned to the Bavar-373 anti-aircraft system , but this radar was not mentioned as part of the system at the official presentation. This is a mobile, indigenous, long-range suitable 3D phased array - early warning radar , which operates in the S-band frequency range and is more likely to be part of the integrated air defense system of Iran , i.e. a unit that is superordinate to the Bavar 373 battery. It should cover a search range of 400–500 km and be able to track targets in the air over a distance of 200 km. Outwardly, it is very similar to the Chinese JYL-1 reconnaissance radar . The role of this radar is comparable to that of the 64N6E / 91N6E Big Bird in the S-300 and S-400 systems. Due to the frequency agility of the active phased array antenna (AESA), the radar should be very difficult to detect ( LPI ) and have excellent interference protection options . According to the manufacturer, it has advanced electronic protection measures .

Surveillance, target tracking and fire control radars

As with the S-300 , the Bavar-373 also uses two radars for monitoring, tracking and guiding the anti-aircraft missiles ; the Patriot system uses a single radar for this. However, the Iranian radar systems are not similar to those of the S-300 or those of the Patriot system. While the surveillance and fire control radars on the Russian S-300 function on the principle of passive phased array antennas (PESA), the radars of the Iranian Bavar 373 system use active phased array antennas (AESA). Active phased array antennas (AESA) are also used in the S-400 , the successor to the S-300 . The names of the two radars are not yet known. However, due to its size and role, the surveillance and targeting radar is likely to be an S-band radar system and the fire control radar is likely to be a radar system. A large IFF antenna for friend-foe detection can be clearly seen above the surveillance radar. A bistatic radar method is used to guide the anti-aircraft missiles.

Guided missile starters

A battery contains six guided missile starters, each with four rocket launch containers. These are attached to trucks of the Zoljanah type . In contrast to the S-300 , which uses a cold start system to propel the rockets out of the rocket launch container by means of gas pressure and to ignite them afterwards, the Bavar-373 uses a hot start system in which the rockets are already ignited in the rocket launch containers . Visually, the square starting canisters of the Iranian system resemble the canisters of the M-901 starting devices of the American Patriot system more than the cylindrical starting containers of the Russian S-300 . Both the S-300 / S-400 and the Bavar-373 fire their missiles from a vertical position, which is particularly advantageous for the use of these systems on ships ( VLS ). In the Patriot system, however, the M-901 launcher is in a 70-degree position when the guided missile is launched .

Guided missiles

Sayyad-4

Sayyad-4 surface-to-air guided missile at a military parade

The Sayyad-4 - ground-to-air missiles are launched perpendicularly and have thrust vector control (TVC). They have a range of 200 km and reach altitudes of up to 27 km. The Sayyad-4 missiles use either Seeker-Aided Ground Guidance (SAGG) or Track-via-Missile (TVM) as a targeting method . These two control technologies have the advantage over active target search, among other things, that they are better protected against the effects of (hostile) electronic countermeasures . Seeker-Aided Ground Guidance (SAGG) also has the advantage that course calculations can be carried out both by the rocket and by the radar on the ground, which results in redundancy. In addition, this control method tends not to trigger any warnings on the radar warning systems (RWR) of enemy combat aircraft .

Users

Current users

interested persons

  • SyriaSyria Syria - Armed Forces of Syria : According to Al-Masdar News , the Russian aviation portal "Avia.pro" published a report in which Syrian military sources are quoted. According to the report, Syria allegedly intends to acquire Iran's Bavar 373 anti -aircraft missile system after the Russian-supplied S-300 was found to be ineffective in its trial phase . According to the Iranian Student News Network (SNN), the deputy head of the air defense base "Khatam al-Anbiya" of the Iranian army confirmed that Syria has made a request to Iran to acquire the Bavar 373 surface -to-air missile system. However, there has so far been no commitment from Iran to the request. More News also published a report about a Syrian interest in the Iranian system.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b oneonline.ir - سامانه موشکی S300 را خودمان با نام باور 373 می سازیم. November 8, 2011, accessed November 25, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Iranian official claims progress on S-300 replacement. (No longer available online.) In: Janes. Archived from the original on February 23, 2014 ; accessed on February 9, 2014 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.janes.com
  3. ↑ a b United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa: Iran's Enduring Ballistic Missile Threat: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, First Session, June 10, 2015 . US Government Publishing Office, 2015 ( google.de [accessed November 25, 2019]).
  4. ↑ Iran completes 30 percent of missile defense system-commander. In: Reuters . Retrieved February 9, 2014 .
  5. ↑ Bavar-373 (photography). (No longer available online.) In: missilethreat.com. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013 ; accessed on February 9, 2014 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / missilethreat.com
  6. ^ "Bavar-373 superior to Russian S-300s". In: Press TV . Retrieved February 9, 2014 .
  7. ↑ Iran unveils Bavar-373 long-range air-defense system | IHS Jane's 360. August 25, 2016, accessed November 25, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Iranian President Rouhani presents new anti-aircraft missiles. In: Deutsche Welle . August 21, 2016. Retrieved August 25, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Iran unveils Bavar-373 long-range air-defense system | IHS Jane's 360. August 25, 2016, accessed November 25, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Iran claims successful ballistic missile intercept test | Jane's 360. Retrieved August 27, 2019 .
  11. ↑ Sputnik: Iran officially presents its own air defense complex "Bavar-373". Retrieved August 27, 2019 .
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l HARM: Analysis of Iran's Bavar 373 SAM: Indigenous Design or S-300 Copycat? Retrieved August 28, 2019 (American English).
  13. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Iran's Bavar-373: A Profile. In: Iran's Bavar-373. Retrieved November 23, 2019 .
  14. ^ Army Commander Lauds Iranian Air Defense Systems - Politics news. Accessed August 27, 2019 .
  15. ↑ Iran unveils new missile system. August 22, 2019, accessed on August 27, 2019 .
  16. ↑ افسانه: تحویل سامانه ایرانی «باور 373» به پدافند ارتش. In: اقتصاد برتر. August 22, 2019, accessed on August 29, 2019 (fa-IR).
  17. ↑ ايران | یونيوز: فردا روحانی از پدافند هوایی فوق پیشرفته باور 373 پرده برداری میکند. Retrieved November 27, 2019 .
  18. ↑ FarsNews Agency - Deputy Commander: Iran to Upgrade Bavar 373 Missile Shield. Retrieved September 27, 2019 .
  19. ↑ Пять преимуществ С-400 над Patriot. Retrieved November 25, 2019 (Russian).
  20. ↑ Armyrecognition: Iran to display Bavar 373 air defense missile system. Retrieved August 27, 2019 .
  21. ↑ HARM: Analysis of Iran's Bavar 373 SAM: Indigenous Design or S-300 Copycat? Retrieved September 25, 2019 (American English).
  22. ↑ News Desk: Syria allegedly considering acquisition of Iran's new air defense system: report. In: AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. September 14, 2019. Retrieved September 27, 2019 (American English).
  23. ↑ درخواست سوریه برای خرید «سامانه باور ۳۷۳» از ایران. Retrieved October 9, 2019 .
  24. ↑ Syria keen to buy latest Iranian 'Bavar-373' defense missile system: report. September 14, 2019, accessed November 25, 2019 .