Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald

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The Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald is a small mountain forest area in the district of Berchtesgadener Land and until June 1982 had the status of a community-free area . The name of the forest refers to Berchtesgaden as its landowner under private law , but after the abolition of municipal freedom it was incorporated into two adjacent municipalities: the largest part with 259.22 hectares to Bischofswiesen , and a very small part with 0.48 hectares to Ramsau Berchtesgaden ( Gnotschaft Schwarzeck ). The remaining 1.19 hectares were added to another municipality-free area, namely the Bischofswiesener Forst , which at that time was still free from municipality.

geography

The area of ​​260.89 hectares, known as the “Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald”, is almost completely forested. It is west of the community of Bischofswiesen ( Gnotschaft Loipl ) and northeast of the community of Ramsau near Berchtesgaden (Gnotschaft Schwarzeck ). The highest point in it is the Dead Man at 1392  m above sea level. NN exactly on the southwest border of the area. In the east the border runs over the summit of the 1305 meter high Götschenkopf . To the north of it, on the eastern border, lies the Götschen family ski area. In the south the area extends over the Mitterbergriedel .

With its northwest side, the area borders on the much larger Bischofswiesen forest , a former community-free area, the main part of which has also been part of Bischofswiesen as a separate district since January 1, 2010. This border runs along the Schwarzeckbach, which is followed on the left by the BGL 17 district road . The nearest inhabited properties belong to the Bischofswiesener Gnotschaft Loipl and are to the left of BGL 17 in the north, namely Rothenkreuz, Holzstubenhäusl and Hinter- and Vorderstockerlehen.

In the north of the area, on the Schwarzeckerweg opposite Rothenkreuz, there is a gravel pit .

history

Probably already in the course of the land letter of 1377, citizens and traders of the market Berchtesgaden had the right to supply themselves with wood in a designated forest area. Such a right was recorded for the first time in 1567 in the “Berchtesgaden Market Regulations”, presumably issued by the monastery. Here, an area was first designated east of today's area. It was on the Sillberg and on the eastern slope of the Götschen, starting in the southeast at the Gmundbrücke at the confluence of the Bischofswieser Ache and the Ramsauer Ache . It was moved westward to the present area in 1689, because the first "subject forest" was completely cleared after farmers from Bischofswiesen and other neighboring areas had also supplied wood there.

The “Siglberg Burger Forest” was first mentioned by name in 1628 by the district judge and forest director Christoph Gadolt (in office from 1623 to 1645) and finally in 1794 the “Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald” in a “situation map of the little country Berchtesgaden”. Although in practice he had withheld more and more rights from the farmers, in 1798 Hofkammerart Josef Utzschneider, the head of a commission for the “Forest Visitation of Saline, Black Forests and Subject Forests of 1794”, recognized the right of the market in Berchtesgaden to a civil forest. According to Feulner, "it looks" as if "since 1800 the Bürgerwald has not only belonged to the market as a property, but as an actual property."

Between 1812 and 1818, royal Bavarian communities , some of which were new , were formed from the eight " original notions " and the two places of jurisdiction of the secularized prince-provost of Berchtesgaden , and eight community-free areas from the forest districts of the region, including the comparatively small Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . In the years 1829 and 1830 there was a first meeting of the Berchtesgaden citizenship, which had to decide whether the forest should be sold - which did not happen despite a majority decision.

On December 2, 1958, the training area "Silberg" set up for the nearby Jägerkaserne in Strub was opened with a teaching exercise within the Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald .

In 1975 there was a plan to exchange the Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald for the Rostwald, which is owned by the Bavarian state and is far closer . The rust forest is also in the area of ​​the municipality of Bischofswiesen (Gnotschaft Stanggaß ), but on the border with the Berchtesgaden market. However, this plan was "dragged off by the state for years" and in the end "carried to the grave".

From 1978 to 1979 a 3.4 km long and 3.5 meter wide forest road was laid out, which leads through the main stands to a height of almost 1,100 meters.

On July 1, 1982, the municipality-free area was dissolved and largely (258.9 hectares) incorporated into the municipality and district of Bischofswiesen. A small strip of territory on the Toten Mann (two hectares) was incorporated into Ramsau near Berchtesgaden. However, the Berchtesgaden market remained the landowner of the Bürgerwald.

On August 3, 1987, two remaining areas of the area were incorporated into the then community-free area of ​​Bischofswiesener Forest (1.1938 hectares) and the community of Bischofswiesen (74 square meters).

For decades, the Bürgerwald no longer has the important economic function that it used to have as a wood supplier for the Berchtesgaden citizens and the Berchtesgaden wood industry, as the importance of the raw material wood as a source of energy and also as a building material has declined.

literature

  • Manfred Feulner : Our Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . In: Berchtesgadener Heimatkalender 2001 (published 2000), pages 122-131

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Feulner : Our Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . Page 123
  2. ↑ a b c d Manfred Feulner: Our Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . Page 125
  3. ↑ Different spellings are used; "Sillberg" according to the official Bayern Atlas , online at geoportal.bayern.de
  4. ↑ a b c Manfred Feulner: Our Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . Page 128
  5. ↑ Places with a court were Berchtesgaden in 1812 as the seat of the regional court and Schellenberg market with a "market court"
  6. ↑ a b c Manfred Feulner: Our Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . Page 130
  7. ↑ a b Manfred Feulner: Our Berchtesgadener Bürgerwald . Page 131
  8. ^ Government of Upper Bavaria: Official Gazette No. 15/28. August 1987. Local government, PDF file no longer available at www.uok.bayern.de/img/lfu/schutzgeb/dokument/pdf/100_102_1.pdf

Web links

Coordinates: 47 ° 38 '9.7 "  N , 12 ° 55' 12.8"  E