Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee
| Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee | |
|---|---|
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| Street sign in front of the main entrance of the Frankfurt Zoo | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Frankfurt am Main |
| District | Ostend |
| Created | around 1800, today's name 2008 |
| Hist. Names | Pfingstweidstrasse, Am Tiergarten |
| Connecting roads | Alfred-Brehm-Platz (northwest), Hölderlinstrasse (west), Zobelstrasse (southwest), Am Tiergarten (southeast) |
| Cross streets | no |
| Buildings | Palais im Zoo, Zoo underground station , Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium , Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee children's center |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 0.25 km |
The Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee is a street in the district of Ostend of Frankfurt . Before 2008 it was the western section of the street "Am Tiergarten". Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee is the only street in the German-speaking area that was named after Bernhard Grzimek . The oldest surviving section of the Frankfurt am Main tram , opened in 1875, runs through Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee .
Street name
Originally, the street was part of the Pfingstweidstraße , the name of which today only applies to the short continuation of the Zeil between Friedberger Anlage and Alfred-Brehm-Platz . After the Frankfurt Zoo moved to the Pfingstweide in 1874, its southern section as well as the extension of the Schützenweg (today: Rhönstrasse) that bends eastwards along the southern wall of the zoo were given the name Am Thiergarten (the h was dropped after a spelling reform ).
In 2008 the western part of the street was named after the internationally known zoologist Bernhard Grzimek (1909–1987), the first director (1945–1974) of the Frankfurt Zoological Garden after the Second World War , which is not only for the zoo and the city, especially in the reconstruction phase have owed. The reason for the renaming was the 150th anniversary of the Frankfurt Zoo.
The official inauguration of the new street name took place on April 24, 2008, the 99th birthday of Bernhard Grzimek. In fact, however, the renaming was already carried out at the turn of the year by replacing the street signs. The official inauguration was attended by, among others, the head of the cultural department of the city of Frankfurt am Main, Felix Semmelroth , zoo director Martin Niekisch, the managing director of the Zoological Society, Christof Schenck, and the grandson of the namesake, Christian Grzimek.
The renaming of the street also involved changes of address of the Frankfurt Zoo, the Zoological Society , the Palais im Zoo and the Fritz-Rémond-Theater in the Zoo, which previously operated under Alfred-Brehm-Platz 16, but since the renaming under Bernhard-Grzimek -All 1.
Even before the name was renamed, criticism from citizens and some institutions was sparked by the fact that within more than two decades after Bernhard Grzimek's death, the city had not been able to dedicate a street, an avenue or a square to him. The completed renaming was preceded by years of discussion in the local advisory board 4. The fact that the ultimately determined avenue is right by the zoo was generally considered to be the optimal solution. The fact that the selected street section turned out to be comparatively short was seen in part as a disregard for the importance of Grzimek for the city.
Course of the road
At the tram stop Alfred-Brehm-Platz in the west, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee begins, which initially runs in a west-east direction. This is exactly where the main entrance of the city's zoological garden was located until it was moved to its current location. The Fritz-Rémond-Theater in the zoo and the Palais am Zoo, the former zoo society house, also use this entrance for their numerous events per calendar year, as well as the Frankfurt Zoological Society from 1858. This rises immediately behind the stop (direction Bornheim ) Palace in the zoo. On the opposite side of the street, near the junction with Hölderlinstrasse, there is access to the Zoo underground station . After a small side entrance of the Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium , which leads to the school yard, you can see a building from the Wilhelmine era, the former office building of the director of the former Kaiser-Friedrichs-Gymnasium and the Pedell , in which they both lived.
The course of the street along the outer wall of the zoo area bends quickly to the southeast after the former office building of the school director and the pedell and then leads in a straight line to the end of the street. On the right side of the street, the elongated complex of the main school building extends with the historic main entrance, which is being extended by an extension with today's main entrance. On the facade of the school extension there is a bronze commemorative plaque for the Samson-Raphael-Hirsch school that used to be located here, and another on the first floor of the atrium. After a parking lot for the school, the modern building complex of the children's center follows, a municipal day-care center.
The short Zobelstraße , the former Kleine Pfingstweidstraße , connects to the southwest . At an acute angle around the Zoomauer, the street Am Tiergarten branches off at the same time, to which the Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee nominally belonged until the end of 2007.
Around the first decade of the 20th century, tracks were laid in both directions in the avenue , which are still used by trams today. The avenue, which used to be heavily frequented by private traffic in both directions, was calmed down in the 1980s and 1990s through several direct and indirect measures, in the spirit of the zoo animals, schoolchildren and daycare children.
Buildings
The dominant building on Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee is actually the school building of the Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium. Like the former office building of the director and pedell, it is designed in the neo-renaissance style, looks representative and was planned entirely under the sign of historicism , intended to underscore the imperial claim to power of the German Empire at the time . The buildings are designed with the red Main sandstone and light plaster that is often used in Frankfurt . The school consists of the historic main building and a more modern extension wing along the avenue. The extension is largely glazed over a large area, parts of the facade were clad with clinker . Once stood in its place the Samson Raphael Hirsch School , the Lyceum with the before 1928 Realschule Jewish religious community said. The Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee children's center adjoining the schoolhouse extension was completely clad with clinker brick.
Due to the change of address of the zoo, the Zoological Society and the Fritz-Rémond-Theater since 2008 , the Palais im Zoo (formerly the Zoo Society House), which was built in the style of the Italian Renaissance at the time, is now the most prominent building on Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee . In fact, however, the building is located on Alfred-Brehm-Platz and is architecturally and urban planning oriented towards this. The square was once the western part of the Pentecostal willow. The main entrance of the zoo, however, since a complete renovation and expansion, points directly to Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee, frequented by almost one million visitors every year.
history
The Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee was originally an unpaved avenue of the Pfingstweide, a green area that was previously used as a parade ground by the Frankfurt military . Historically, the Pentecost pasture was a pasture located in the east outside the city, on which cattle were herded in the period after Pentecost to graze there from spring to autumn.
Until the middle of the 19th century, the military hospital of the Frankfurt Line Battalion was located on this section of the street, which was known as Schützenstraße. In 1853, the Realschule with Lyceum of the Israelite Religious Society was built on its area, the first cuboid school building of which was replaced in 1881 by a much larger new building with a side wing. In the three- emperor year 1888, the Royal Kaiser-Friedrichs-Gymnasium was built right next door, also on the site of the former military hospital, as a relief for the municipal gymnasium .
The zoological garden moved to the Pfingstweide in 1874, the zoo society house was built in 1876. Since then, the enclosure of the zoo area has formed the northern or northeastern boundary of today's Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee. Pfingstweide and later the zoo have contributed to the fact that the street on this side remained almost completely undeveloped, apart from the small animal accommodations directly behind the zoo enclosure.
Between 1847 and 1912, the avenue was an important feeder for Frankfurt's citizens coming from the north to the Hanau train station , which was located just behind the Kleine Pfingstweidstraße (today: Zobelstraße). The tram that opened on September 10, 1875 (at that time a horse-drawn tram operated by the Frankfurt Tramway Company ) from the zoo to the Hanau train station is still in operation today, making it the oldest surviving section of the Frankfurt tramway .
In the Third Reich , the Jewish students and teachers of the Samson-Raphael-Hirsch School, which was considered a model for modern Jewish Orthodox schools in the German-speaking world , were exposed to hostility and discrimination against the so-called Aryan population, in some cases physical attacks by students from the neighboring Kaiser-Friedrichs-Gymnasium, who mostly took the same route to school and whose schoolyards were adjacent to each other. The Jewish school was closed in March 1939 after most of the students and teachers were evicted or deported .
During the Second World War , the Allied bombings left their mark: Zoo Society House, Kaiser-Friedrichs-Gymnasium and Samson-Raphael-Hirsch School were severely damaged in some cases. The reconstruction dragged on until the end of the 1950s, but the Jewish school was completely demolished in 1960 and built over in 1963 with the new wing of the Heinrich von Gagern grammar school.
literature
- Petra Bonavita (ed.): Assimilation, persecution, exile: using the example of the Jewish students at the Kaiser-Friedrichs-Gymnasium (today: Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium) in Frankfurt am Main. Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-89657-462-0
- School management, school parents' council and teaching staff of Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium (publisher, in charge Wilhelm Lutz): 1888 to 1988. 100 years of Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium, formerly Kaiser-Friedrichs-Gymnasium in Frankfurt am Main . OO (Frankfurt am Main) no year (1988)
- Commission for Research into the History of the Frankfurt Jews (ed.), Dietrich Andernacht, Eleonore Sterling (edit.): “Documents on the history of the Frankfurt Jews 1933–1945”. Waldemar Kramer publishing house. Frankfurt am Main 1966
- "History of the Samson Raphael Hirsch School - 1928–1939". Unpublished manuscript without indication of author. (Jewish Museum Frankfurt am Main)
- Zwi Erich Kurzweil: "Farewell and a new beginning - from the life of a Jewish educator". Waldemar Kramer publishing house. Frankfurt am Main 1992. ISBN 3-7829-0424-9
- Benjamin Ortmeyer (Ed.): "Reports against forgetting and displacement of 100 surviving Jewish schoolchildren about the Nazi era in Frankfurt am Main". Publishing house Marg. Wehle. Witterschlick / Bonn 1995. pp. 28, 55, 76, 77, 112, 132, 136, ISBN 3-925267-85-9
- Rachel Heuberger, Helga Krohn: "Out of the Ghetto - Jews in Frankfurt am Main 1800–1950". Book accompanying the permanent exhibition of the Jewish Museum. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1997. ISBN 3-10-031407-7
- Helga Krohn: "Ostend - View into a Jewish Quarter". Societätsverlag, Frankfurt 2001. ISBN 3-7973-0742-X
- Commission for Research into the History of the Frankfurt Jews (Ed.), Hans Thiel (Ed.): “The Samson-Raphael-Hirsch School in Frankfurt am Main. Documents - Memories - Analyzes ”. Waldemar Kramer publishing house. Frankfurt am Main 2001. ISBN 3-7829-0515-6
- Benjamin Ortmeyer: "The evil role of employees of the State Education Authority FFM in the compensation proceedings for Jewish students after 1945". Faculty of Education at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 2004.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stadtvermessungsamt Frankfurt am Main (ed.): Portal GeoInfo Frankfurt , city map
- ↑ Search for Grzimek-Strasse, -platz or -allee on Google, Yahoo, Altavista, Bing, Fireball, Wikipedia, strassenkatalog.de, strassensuche.at
- ↑ "Without the Grzimeks the Serengeti would have died". In: Die Welt, April 27, 2012 on: welt.de (see photo gallery, image 20)
- ↑ "Humanistic Education at the Tiergarten". In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, December 19, 2007 at: faz.net
- ↑ "City honors Bernhard Grzimek with an avenue" . In: Gießener Allgemeine, April 27, 2008 at: giessener-allgemeine.de
- ↑ Photo: Inauguration of Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee . In: Die Welt, April 27, 2012 on: welt.de
- ↑ Photos: Inauguration of Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: suedkurier.de
- ↑ Photos: Inauguration of Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee on: hvgg.de
- ↑ "Connected to the city, zoo and society" on: ard.de (see text on Fig. 5)
- ↑ "Nature conservationist and media star" on: ntv.de (see picture 36)
- ↑ "Bernhard Grzimek: Conservationists and Documentary Filmmakers" ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Hessischer Rundfunk on: hr-online.de (see picture 20)
- ^ "Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee for Frankfurt" . In: Journal Frankfurt, April 24, 2008 at: journal-frankfurt.de
- ↑ "Humans and animals move closer together" . In: Frankfurter Rundschau, February 12, 2008 on: fr-online.de (see last paragraph)
- ↑ New address at Zoo Frankfurt : zoo-frankfurt.de
- ^ New address Frankfurt Zoological Society from 1858 e. V. on: zgf.de
- ↑ New address for the Fritz-Rémond-Theater in the zoo at: fritzremond.de
- ↑ honoring Dr. Bernhard Grzimek - Renaming of part of the street “Am Tiergarten” from December 22nd, 2006 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: frankfurt-gestalten.de
- ↑ "The zoo is now on Grzimek-Allee. Street Am Tiergarten renamed after long discussions" ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, April 25, 2008 at: faz.net
- ↑ Samson-Raphael-Hirsch-Schule memorial plaque ( Memento of the original from December 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: stadtgeschichte-ffm.de
- ↑ Photos and video clip: Heinrich-von-Gagern-Gymnasium on: hvgg.de
- ↑ Zoo in numbers on zoo-frankfurt.de (last paragraph)
- ↑ Samson-Raphael-Hirsch-Schule - School of the Israelite Religious Society on: ffmhist.de
- ↑ Rachel Heuberger, Helga Krohn: "Out of the Ghetto - Jews in Frankfurt am Main 1800–1950". Book accompanying the permanent exhibition of the Jewish Museum. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1997, pp. 181f.
- ↑ Relocation of the garden to the Pfingstweide on: zoo-frankfurt.de
- ↑ Reports against forgetting and repressing 100 surviving Jewish students about the Nazi era in Frankfurt am Main. Publishing house Marg. Wehle. Witterschlick / Bonn 1995. pp. 28, 55, 76, 77, 112, 132, 136
- ↑ Meier student. In: The Samson Raphael Hirsch School in Frankfurt am Main. Documents - memories - analyzes. Pp. 105, 106, 111, 115, 116.
