Bienleinsmühle

The Bienleinsmühle in 1904

Location and history

Coordinates

50 ° 1 '40 " N , 11 ° 12' 2" E Coordinates: 50 ° 1 '40 " N , 11 ° 12' 2" E

Location

Germany

Bavaria Bavaria
- Weismain - Kleinziegenfelder Tal

Waters

Weismain

Built

1725

Shut down

first half of the 20th century

Status

Dismissed except for the remains of the fortifications

technology

use

Flour mill

Grinder

formerly a grinding and a beating passage

drive

Watermill

water wheel

Two medium-sized waterwheels by 1911

1911 to around 1960: water turbine

The Bienleinsmühle (formerly also Gartenmühle or Neue Mühle ) was a flour mill in the Kleinziegenfelder valley . Except for small remnants of the weir system, it is completely gone.

history

1725–1775 built and owned by the miller family Bienlein

On March 24, 1725, the Steinfeld miller Andreas Bienlein acquired the property called Wiese on the Weismain for 100 guilders in Franconian currency and 2 speciestal leasehold purchases from Baron Heinrich Siegmund von Schaumberg zu Kleinziegenfeld. Bienlein intended to build a fief-dependent mill on the property . For the construction of the mill with two grinding aisles, he received ten oak trunks, 40 softwood trunks and one ash trunk free of charge from Schaumberg. In return, he undertook to build the mill as soon as possible (which happened that same year), to keep it in good condition and not to sell or pledge it without the knowledge and will of the fiefdom. With these conditions, the mill became Schaumberg's fiefdom and daughter hereditary orders with the following duties and services that the miller had to bring to his liege lord annually: four guilders of hereditary interest for Michaelis , six happy days without food and wages, an annual tax of 5–10% each 100 guilders value (suspended for the first three years), as well as various special taxes, but also monetary gifts for the miller in the event of death in the families of the feudal lord or feudal man and in sales.

On November 14, 1731, Andreas Bienlein bought a small meadow behind the mill for 15 guilders in Franconian currency to run a farm. This became part of the mill loan without increasing the conditions. Due to old age, Andreas Bienlein bequeathed the mill to his son Johann, known as Hans, on February 13, 1754, who continued to run it as a schaumburg fief under the same conditions. The mill was probably renovated for the first time as early as 1763 for the then not insignificant amount of 24 guilders . Due to massive financial problems, however, he had to sell the mill on January 3, 1775.

1775–1828 Müller families Wagner and Müller

The mill was first mentioned in 1769 under the name Bienleinsmühle as part of the fiefdom of the Kleinziegenfeld manor . Heinrich Wagner was named as the owner, who apparently already owned the mill at that time or was running it as an employed master and acquired it from Bienlein on January 3, 1775. Wagner came from the miller family of the downstream Weihersmühle and is considered to be the assured direct successor of Hans Bienlein. Wagner undertook to continue to run the mill, which at that time already included a barn , a stable , a rock cellar , an oven , a courtyard , various agricultural implements and the adjacent meadow, as a feudal man. At around the same time, he bought the Tosels, Shepherd and Sorg fields for 300 guilders as part of the mill.

The miller's daughter Anna Margaretha Wagner married the Roßdacher miller Laurentius Müller in 1793 , who took over the mill from his late father-in-law in 1808 and bequeathed the business to his son Georg Müller in 1813 at the latest. On October 5, 1813, with the financial support of his cousin, the widowed Margarethe Müller, he acquired several properties for 250 guilders in Rhenish currency as an inheritance loan, which had returned to Anton Ludwig von Schaumburg as a feudal lord on March 21, 1813 from Schrepfersmüller Johann Schrepfer. From then on, these properties were only allowed to serve agricultural purposes and not be built on. As a further condition for this purchase, the fiefdoms for the mill were increased. Georg Müller died of lung addiction in 1826 at the age of 26 .

1828–1881 Müller family Huebner

The two rock cellars behind the Bienleinsmühle (photo 2018).
The traces of work on the rock and the remains of the wall are easy to recognize.

The miller's widow Anna Maria Müller, née Betz, married the Untersteinfeld journeyman Johann Christoph Hübner in 1828 , who had learned the trade from his brother Erhard in the Scheßlitzer Lohmühle. Anna Maria Müller died as early as 1838, so that the entire mill property with its affiliations, which was estimated at the high amount of 3400 guilders, passed into Hübner's possession. The four children they shared were raised by Hübner's second wife, Ursula Kreuzer, a large goat field, whom he had married in 1839.

From the middle of the 19th century at the latest, the mill ran with one grinding and one beating gear . In addition to the mill and the mill technology and the living room were (built around 1865 as a residential house with two stoves and fireplaces) around 1881 to the estate a neighboring house with stables, pigsties, an oven , a Streuschupfe , a barn , a cattle shed and the yard , as well as Relatively large agricultural land, especially around the wasteland of Sorg , which, in addition to the family, were cultivated by several servants and maids. The living part of the mill was built directly on the slope behind it, so that there was direct access to the two remaining 1 - 2 m deep rock cellars.

1881–1962 Miller's family Duration and decline of the mill

Remains of the fortified mill moat in the area of the former water turbine

View of the turbine front end (silted up) with setting wheel

In 1881 the miller Johann Huebner (1836–1907) sold the mill property with the fields to the Horsdorf miller Andreas duration (1857–1932), who later became mayor and builder of the school in Kleinziegenfeld. After the death of his son Johann in 1910, he sold the mill again, which changed hands frequently in the following years. In 1911 the medium-sized water wheels were replaced by a turbine .

Due to industrialization, it was impossible to continue to operate the mill economically in the 20th century, so that operations initially ceased and the decaying mill was demolished in several steps from 1957 to 1961/1962. The property was last in the possession of the Strössendorfer Reichsfreiherrlich von Seckendorff-Aberdar'schen forest and pension administration and was inhabited by the families Sitz and Bürger. The municipality part of Bienleinsmühle was repealed by the Kleinziegenfeld municipal council in its meeting on March 23, 1969. A shed remained until 1997, which was demolished when the sewer system in the Kleinziegenfelder Tal was expanded. A weir with the inscription "1859" reminds of the Bienleinsmühle, a small waterfall in the Weismain, in the place of which the mill wheel was once located and the turbine that is no longer functioning.

Population development

The table shows the population development of the Bienleinsmühle based on individual data.

year	Residents	source
1864	8th
1871	7th
1875	7th
1885	6th
1900	4th
1925	5
1950	9
1961	0

Others

In 1836, Johann Huebner was born in the Bienleinsmühle, who had the neo-Gothic small goat field built in 1863.
To the mill belonged the wasteland of Sorg to the east of the small goat field of Hühnerberg , a residential stable house built in 1731, which collapsed in 1972.

literature

Jutta Böhm: Mill bike tour. Routes: Kleinziegenfelder Tal and Bärental , Weismain environmental station in the Lichtenfels district, Weismain / Lichtenfels (Lichtenfels district), 2000, 52 pages (numerous illustrations, canton)

OA: Old purchase and fiefdom letters about the "garden" or "new" or "Bienleinsmühle" near Kleinziegenfeld (an extract from the originals). In: Bunte Blätter - Supplement to " Lichtenfelser Tagblatt " , No. 45, November 15, 1913

Josef Urban: Small goat field . In: Heimatgeschichtliche Zeitschrift für der Landkreis Lichtenfels , Volume 10, Verlag Vom Main zum Jura, Eggolsheim 2001, pp. 24–51