Berlin biogas plant

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Berlin biogas plant
Fermentation tank of the biogas plant
Fermentation tank of the biogas plant
location
Berlin biogas plant (Berlin)
Berlin biogas plant
Coordinates 52 ° 31 '56 "  N , 13 ° 13' 20"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '56 "  N , 13 ° 13' 20"  E
country Germany
Data
Type Biogas plant with biogas processing
Primary energy 60,000 tons of biomass (mainly household waste)
power 34 MW th
owner BSR
operator BSR
Project start 2007
Start of operations 5th June 2013
Website BSR biogas plant
was standing May 28, 2015
f2
Cache

The biogas plant Berlin produced by the fermentation of biomass from private households biogas . It is located in Berlin's local situation Ruhleben in the district of Spandau and run by the Berlin city cleaning operated (BSR).

planning

The BSR has been collecting biological waste under the name BIOGUT - separately from household waste - since 1996 . In 2007 the supervisory board of BSR decided to build a biogas plant. A total of 40 options were considered as the location. The process was based on the level of investment of around 30 million euros far EU advertised . In the fourth quarter of 2009 the lot fell on a consortium consisting of Strabag Umweltanlagen GmbH in Dresden and Strabag in Cologne . Due to the comparatively large amount of biowaste, a permit procedure and public participation in accordance with the ordinance on plants requiring a permit and an environmental impact assessment were required. In July 2011, the responsible building authority issued the building permit on the 2.7  hectare site in the immediate vicinity of the Ruhleben sewage treatment plant . A year later the consortium started construction; Test operations started in spring 2013. The governing mayor of Berlin Klaus Wowereit inaugurated the facility on June 5, 2013, Environment Day . In his speech, alluding to Berlin Brandenburg Airport, Wowereit said : "Even in Berlin, time and budget can be adhered to". The acceptance took place on October 15, 2013.

Operation and technology

The plant processes around 60,000 tons of biomass, most of which comes from 1.4 million private households in Berlin. For the production of the biogas, the BSR chose dry fermentation , since household waste has an average water content of 60% to 80% and is therefore suitable for this process. The biowaste is first freed from contaminants and then goes to fermentation in two horizontal plug-flow reactors that work in the themophilic temperature range between 55 and 57 ° C. With the help of a hydraulic system , the fermentation material is transported through the fermenter for an average of 21 to 23 days and, if necessary, mixed and loosened. The remains of the digestate are separated into liquid and solid components. The liquid components are used to adjust the moisture content of the biowaste when it enters the fermenter and to lubricate the entry spiral. The remaining 32,200 liters are used as fertilizer in agriculture . The 13,400 tons of solid matter are sent to Brandenburg as compost , where it is used in agriculture and horticulture. The compost is from the Bundesgütegemeinschaft Kompost e. V. certified.

This process produces around 7.14 million m³ of raw biogas from around 60,000 tons of organic waste. It consists of 62 percent methane . After interim storage, the BSR prepares the gas with the help of amine scrubbing so that it meets the quality requirements for natural gas . The desulfurization required for this uses bacteria that produce sulfuric acid and sulfur . The fine desulfurization takes place with the help of activated carbon . This creates a total of 4.4 million m³ of biomethane. This corresponds to a net energy production of 34 million kWh. The gas obtained is fed into a 2,000 m³ intermediate storage facility and can then be fed into the urban network via the gas network operator NBB Netzgesellschaft Berlin-Brandenburg . The BSR must ensure that the gas at the entry point meets the requirements of DVGW worksheets G 260 and 262 as of 2007. The network operator is obliged to meet the requirements of DVGW worksheet G 685 as of 2007. The network operator assumed 75% of the costs for the network connection, and BSR the remaining 25%. The BSR receives a flat rate of 0.7 cents per kilowatt-hour of biomethane fed in from the network operator for ten years after commissioning. Since the company itself is not obliged to meet a biofuel quota , the biomethane can be sold to other companies that fall under the Biofuel Quota Act (BioKraftQuG). The advantage here is that waste that falls under the Recycling Management Act can be counted twice towards fulfilling the quotas from the BioKraftQuG.

In addition to the feed, the BSR refuel their gas-powered garbage trucks at the gas filling stations of the depots in Prenzlauer Berg , Wilmersdorf and Marzahn . The amount of gas is mathematically sufficient to fill 150 vehicles. This corresponds to about half of the vehicles affected. Using the biogas can save around 2.5 million liters of diesel fuel per year. This is equivalent to 6,200 tons of carbon dioxide . In addition, there is less exposure to noise, since natural gas vehicles are generally quieter than diesel-powered trucks. For this purpose, the BSR fleet was gradually converted to biomethane-powered vehicles. A comparable project of this size has not yet existed in Germany in 2015. All essential system parts are enclosed and equipped with extraction systems . A two-line biofilter with a chemical gas scrubber cleans the 40,000 m³ exhaust air, which is used to ventilate the digestate. The media report that there were "no unpleasant smells" in the neighborhood "even when it was fully occupied [...]."

The plant is operated by twelve employees.

criticism

The BUND generally welcomes the construction of such plants, as composting of the organic waste in the surrounding area has been stopped. He criticizes, however, that too much methane is still being released "because no modern filters are used." The BUND continues to criticize the fact that proposals for "ambitious goals" with regard to exhaust air emissions were made in good time, which the BSR did not take into account adequately were. In addition, it is still unclear whether "the possibilities for reducing climate-damaging methane emissions, which also occur in fermentation plants, are fully exhausted". The BUND therefore calls for a comprehensive climate balance of the plant.

Awards

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Irene Beringer: Organic waste in the cycle - Berlin garbage trucks refuel with biomethane from waste. In: energy from plants , April 2014, page 26ff.
  2. ↑ a b Heinz-Werner Simon: From the bin to the tank. In: Entsorga-Magazin. Issue 7–8 / 2013, pp. 24–25.
  3. ↑ Billions of new "employees" In: BerlinBoxx Business Magazin. Issue 11/2013, pp. 44–45.
  4. ↑ a b Alexander Gosten, Thomas Rücker: Biogas use without EEG - The new fermentation plant in Berlin. In: Proceedings of the Kassel Waste Days, April 2014, page 183ff.
  5. ^ A b Nicole Weinhold: Fuel from tea bags. In: Renewable Energies - The Magazine. Issue 4, April 2014, p. 20.
  6. ↑ Alexander Gosten, Thomas Rücker: Biogas use without EEG. In: Garbage and Garbage. Issue 7/2014, pp. 370–376.
  7. ↑ BSR invests 30 million euros in Spandau biogas plant . In: Berliner Morgenpost , June 6, 2013, accessed on March 16, 2015.
  8. ↑ Benedikt Paetzholdt: Fuel from potato peels . In: Berliner Zeitung , August 16, 2011, accessed on March 16, 2015.
  9. ↑ BSR biogas plant: Not a convincing lighthouse project , BUND press release from March 4, 2013, accessed on May 11, 2019.

Web links

Commons : Biogasanlage Berlin  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files