Borommaracha I.
Borommaracha I. (full title: Somdet Phra Borommaratchathirat Thi Nueng - Thai : สมเด็จพระบรม ราชาธิราชที่ ๑ ; also Khun Luang Pha-Ngua - ขุนหลวง พะ งั่ว ; * 1307 or 1308; † 1388 or 1389 in Ayutthaya ) was between 1370 and 1388 the third king of the Ayutthaya Empire .
The Chronicle of Luang Prasoet specifies his reign from CS 732-750 ( AD 1370/71 to 1388/89), other versions of the Royal Chronicles of Ayutthaya give different dates, for example the "Royal Autograph" of CS 732-744 .
Life
Pha Ngua was prince of Suphanburi and a brother of the royal consort Ramathibodi I (U Thongs), the founder of the Ayutthaya kingdom. When he died in 1369, his son Ramesuan (Thai: สมเด็จ พระ รา เม ศ วร ) became king of Ayutthaya, but after a short time he was forced to abdicate by his uncle, who sat himself on the throne in 1370. The Dutch chronicler Jeremias Van Vliet , on the other hand, describes that the entire royal family agreed to Pha Ngua taking over the throne. Ramesuan then went back to Lop Buri to work as governor there.
“[Borommaracha I was] a wise, eloquent , religious king, generous to the clergy and the poor. Since he was a gun enthusiast and not averse to war, he cared a lot for his soldiers. Under his rule the country was blackened by civil war, but he settled all disputes with little bloodshed. […] It was a time of great prosperity in his reign, there was no shortage in the country. "
In 1371 Borommaracha I carried out an invasion of the neighboring kingdom of Sukhothai , which finally became an official vassal of Ayutthaya in 1378 . In 1375 the armed forces under Borommaracha I conquered the city of Phitsanulok in the north of what is now Thailand, which at the time was the second capital of the Sukhothai kingdom.
King Borommaracha I died in Ayutthaya in 1388 at the age of 81 . He named his son Thong Lan (or Thong Chan) as his successor , who ruled for only seven days and was then succeeded and executed by Ramesuan, who ascended the throne of Ayutthaya for the second time.
Borommaracha I. was the founder of the Suphannaphum line (or "Suphanburi line") in the Ayutthaya royal family, which only died out with King Mahin two hundred years later.
literature
- David K. Wyatt : Thailand A Short History . Silkworm Books , Chiang Mai 1984, ISBN 974-7047-44-6
- David K.Wyatt, Chris Baker, Dhiravat na Pombejra, Alfon van der Kraan: Van Vliet's Siam . Silkworm Books , Chiang Mai 2005, ISBN 974-9575-81-4
- Richard D. Cushman (David K. Wyatt Ed.): The Royal Chronicles Of Ayutthaya . The Siam Society, Bangkok 2000, ISBN 974-8298-48-5
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Grabowsky: Brief history of Thailand. 2010, p. 38.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Borommaracha I. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat I .; Boromaraja; Boromaracha; Khun Luang Pha-Ngua |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | King of Siam, founder of the Suphannaphum dynasty |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1307 or 1308 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | unsure: Suphanburi |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1388 or 1389 |
| Place of death | Ayutthaya |