Brennbergbánya
| Brennbergbánya | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : | Hungary | ||||
| Region : | Western Transdanubia | ||||
| County : | Győr-Moson-Sopron | ||||
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 39 ' N , 16 ° 29' E | ||||
| Residents : | 604 (2001) | ||||
Brennbergbánya (German: Brennberg ) is a district of the Hungarian city of Sopron in the small area of Sopron-Fertőd in Győr-Moson-Sopron County . The place is located in the far north-west of Hungary. The border with Austria runs 1 km to the southwest.
In 2001 lived in the place 604 inhabitants. It is the partner community of the German community of Brennberg in the Upper Palatinate district of Regensburg in Bavaria .
history
Before 1800 the name Brennberg did not appear in the documents. Children born here were found under In Qilciq Soproniensis (in the Sopron forest).
In 1753 deposits of " hard coal " were discovered in Brennbergbánya and first mined in open-cast mining. The first mine in Hungary opened in 1759. In the 19th century, Brennberg and the mining in Ritzing, which is adjacent to the south, were treated as two mines, the first of which belonged to the royal Hungarian free town of Ödenburg, the second to the Esterházy rule of Lackenbach . The coal obtained was called "hard coal" (as opposed to charcoal), but the area contains brown coal of various qualities ( lignite , lignite , semolina, cannel coal , shale coal , earth coal , differently designated depending on the source). Both mines were later merged, also connected by tunnels and operated by a single mining company.
In 1866 a steam engine of eight horsepower was put into operation in the pit itself , which obtained the driving steam via a 250 meter long and 9.2 cm thick cast-iron pipe from the steam boilers erected above the day .
In 1867 the annual production was 1.1 million quintals , 100,000 quintals less than the production in Leoben .
In November 1885 there was a workers' revolt in Brennberg , which caused the government to set up a gendarmerie branch in the village .
Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863–1914), heir to the throne from 1896, visited the mine on July 5, 1892 and spent almost two hours underground.
On September 24, 1952, all mines were closed, but they were reopened before they were finally closed from November 1956 to December 31, 1959. Part of the mining operations lay across the border with Austria in the Burgenland municipality of Ritzing: the Helenenschacht . In spite of the situation in another state, the Hungarian mining law applied in it.
From 1928 to 1930 the Catholic Church was built on behalf of the mine management.
To transport the coal there was (with different route variants and branches) a 7.6 km long braking track put into operation by the leaseholder Heinrich Drasche (1811–1880) at the end of 1869 , the free-running wagons of which were braked on the sloping route and then unloaded by draft horses were brought back to the mining industry. The railway, which was later operated by steam locomotives, connected Brennberg with the Agendorf , located on the railway line between Sopron and Wiener Neustadt , from where the coal could be transported to the Pöttschinger branch of the Wiener Neustädter Canal and then on to Vienna by canal ships. The coal horse railway was opened for operation as far as the village of Agendorf on November 21, 1868, but the construction of the track to the Agendorf station could not be completed until months later due to complicated negotiations about land redemption. The narrow-gauge railway was converted to standard gauge in 1893 .
Due to the location of the mine close to the later state border between Austria and Hungary, many people worked there who lived in the area of what later became Burgenland and who became Austrian citizens after the creation of this country in 1921. When they reached retirement age, they received a pension from Hungary and would have been insured across the state border in Sopron . At the state border, the iron curtain had become a massive obstacle from 1956 ( Hungarian popular uprising ). In order to ensure health insurance protection in Austria , a separate provision in Austrian social security law was created for you and your surviving dependents (widows, widowers), which still existed in 2017.
See also
literature
- Travel through the Leitha area. I. Brennberg. Coal storage. In: Das Vaterland , Morgenblatt, No. 234/1870 (XI. Year), August 26, 1870, p. 1, bottom. (Online at ANNO ). .
- Franz Zeltner: Brennberg from the point of view of - . In: oedenburgerland.de , accessed on January 21, 2014.
- Mug Nándor: Brennbergbánya. 1753-1793-1953 . (Text in German and Hungarian). Brennbergi Kultúrális Egyesület, Sopron-Brennbergbánya 1993, OBV .
- Ferdinand Becher: Tales from the Brennberg past . (Hungarian: Mesel a brennbergi mult ). Brennberg 2001. - Articles from it online in: oedenburgerland.de , accessed on January 21, 2014.
Web links
- Andrea Hinterseer: The gold train . In: echoonline.at , June 1, 2009, accessed on June 18, 2011.
Individual evidence
- ↑ is: Sister Cities ( Memento of the original March 12, 2011 at the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link is automatically inserted and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Literature from: Albert Schedl, Josef Mauracher, Julia Rabeder: Complete bibliography 'Bergbau- / Haldenkataster' - published and unpublished archive and literature documents on the topics of mining, mining geology, deposit mineralogy and mining history. In: Reports of the Federal Geological Institute . No. 73. Vienna 2007.
- ↑ (Georg Carl Borromäus) Rumy (1780–1847): Hungary's hard coal wealth. In: G (ustav) F (ranz) Schreiner (Red.): Steiermärkische Zeitschrift. New series, fourth year, II. Issue. Verlag der Direction des Lesevereins am Joanneum, Graz 1837, ZDB -ID 802655-5 , p. 116. - Text online
- ↑ Miscelles. (...) Steam engine in the lignite mine in Brennberg in Hungary. In: Polytechnisches Journal , year 1867, 1st main part (volume CLXXXIII), p. 74. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ^ The Austrian industry at the Paris exhibition. In: Fremd -Blatt , Morgen-Blatt, No. 186/1867 (XXI. Volume), July 10, 1867, p. 5, column 2. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ Daily news. (...) The workers' revolt in Brennberg. In: Neuigkeits -Welt-Blatt , No. 270/1885, November 24, 1885, p. 5 (unpaginated), column 2. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ An archduke in the coal mine. In: Das Vaterland , No. 198/1892 (XXXIIIth year), July 9, 1892, p. 4, bottom center. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ László Stefánka, János Siklósi (transl.): Excursions in the vicinity of Sopron . Escort '96, Sopron 2004, ISBN 963-03-6927-3 , DNB , pp. 15-17.
- ↑ Mining Railways. In: Neue Freie Presse , Abendblatt, No. 1964 ( false : 1963) / 1870, February 15, 1870, p. 10 middle. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ Daily news. (...) Accident on the trolley. A collision on the coal track. In: Neuigkeits -Welt-Blatt , No. 249/1877, October 28, 1877, p. 4 (unpaginated) middle. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ Gyula Lovosz: The focal Berger mine train. In: Railway. ISSN 0013-2756 ZDB -ID 162227-4 . Born in 1966, issue 12, pp. 249-251.
- ^ Vienna, November 20. (...) Brennberg – Agendorf coal horse railway. In: Die Presse , No. 321/1868 (XXI. Volume), November 21, 1868, p. 6 (unpaginated), bottom center. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ Daily news. (...) A disaster in Brennberg. In: Neuigkeits -Welt-Blatt , No. 76/1893, April 2, 1893, p. 4 (unpaginated), center right. (Online at ANNO ). .
- ↑ § 1 Z 10 of the inclusion ordinance according to § 9 of the General Social Insurance Act ASVG, ordinance of the Federal Minister for Social Administration of November 28, 1969 on the implementation of health insurance for those according to § 9 ASVG. Persons included in health insurance, Federal Law Gazette No. 420/1969 in the version of Federal Law Gazette II No. 439/2016, originally a regulation of the Federal Ministry for Social Administration of December 16, 1959 on the inclusion of further groups of people in health insurance; BGBl. No. 287/1959, p. 1783. (accessed June 10, 2017).
