Bow (river)
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The Bug , also called the Western Bug , ( Ukrainian and Belarusian Буг, Західний Буг , Buh ) is a river in Ukraine , Poland and Belarus .
course
The bow rises east of Lviv in western Ukraine ( Galicia ). It initially flows west, but turns north shortly after Kamjanka-Buska . It passes the city of Brest , after which it then runs more and more west in a left curve and flows into the Narew , which is dammed up to the Zegrze reservoir near Warsaw after a run of 772 km , shortly before it flows into the Vistula .
On its lower course between the estuary and Brest, where it is the border river between Poland and Belarus, the Bug belongs to a system of waterways that leads from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea . Its central part, which connects the river systems of the Vistula and the Dnepr, leads the short Bug tributary Muchawez up near Brest and then through the Dnepr-Bug Canal to the east over the European main watershed .
For the longest part of its course, the Bug has been the eastern external border of the EU since May 1, 2004 :
from the north: 52 ° 16 ′ 59 ″ N , 23 ° 10 ′ 44 ″ E
to the south: 50 ° 38 ′ 12 ″ N , 24 ° 5 ′ 47 ″ E - as the crow flies 194 km
history
The Bug has been a settlement area of Slavic tribes since the 7th century. Buschans are mentioned in the 9th century , for 907 Duleben . A larger Slavic castle was built in Brest by the 10th century at the latest .
981 the area comes almost entirely under the rule of the Kievan Rus . Castles are built in Busk and Drohiczyn . Most of the area belongs to the Principality of Volhynia . In the 12th century there were briefly independent principalities in Brest and Busk.
In 1340 most of it came under the control of the Kingdom of Poland , in 1569 it came under the control of the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic .
In 1772 the southern part of the Austrian Habsburg Empire came to Galicia , the northern part around Brest to the Russian Empire .
The area has belonged to the Republic of Poland since 1921 . Since the German attack on Poland in the autumn of 1939, the agreed border of interests between the German Reich and the Soviet Union had been on the Western Bug in accordance with the Hitler-Stalin Pact . On the right bank, the Molotov Line was started as a Soviet defense structure, but could no longer be completed. In the summer of 1941 the Wehrmacht crossed the Bug at Operation Barbarossa and the areas behind it were also occupied.
Since 1944 the upper reaches of the Ukrainian SSR , while the northern part formed the border between the Soviet Union and Poland . After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the Bug forms a significant part of the Polish- Ukrainian and Polish- Belarusian borders and, since May 1, 2004, has been part of the external border of the European Union .
literature
- Johann Christian Wutzke : Description of the bow river . In: Contributions to the customer of Prussia . Volume 3, Issue 6, Königsberg 1820, pp. 486-495.
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Bavarian geographer
- ↑ Nestor Chronicle for the year 907.