Arras Castle
| Arras Castle | ||
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 Exterior view (1999) |
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| Creation time : | around 1100 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Preserved essential parts | |
| Standing position : | Count Palatine, Elector | |
| Construction: | Humpback cuboid | |
| Place: | Alf | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 3 '9.5 " N , 7 ° 6' 21" E | |
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The Castle Arras is in the early 12th century built hilltop castle in Alf on the Moselle River in the Rhineland-Palatinate Cochem-Zell .
history
During late antiquity, there was already a fortified Roman horse station on the site of the later hilltop castle, as was the case in the Eifel and Hunsrück . After the withdrawal of the Romans, however, only a desert remained of it for several centuries .
Arras Castle was first mentioned in writing in 1120, when it appeared in a document as " castrum atrebatum " on the occasion of the consecration of the castle chapel . Alleged mentions from the 10th century can probably be assigned to the area of legend. Late medieval legends tell of the castle being built at the time of the Hungarian invasions. The widespread indication of the keep was probably completed around the year 936, is definitely wrong.
The castle appears again in written records around 1140. On the occasion of a division, several buildings are named, including a gate, the chapel and a fountain , which were used jointly, as well as the curtain wall , the moat and a tower , which were due to Count Friedrich I. von Vianden .
The castle was initially owned by the Count Palatine , later also by the Archbishops and Electors of Trier. After it was conquered by the Lords of Entersburg in 1137 , Archbishop Albero successfully besieged it and won it back for the Electorate of Trier.
The knight family von Arras had their residence at the castle Arras since 1179, when Hermann von Harras, Vogt von Eller , was informed in a deed that he was the owner of the castle.
On October 2, 1439 Ludwig Zandt von Merl, Vogt in (Zeller) Hamme , was enfeoffed by Archbishop Raban with a castle fief at Arras. In another document dated October 16, 1439, Ulrich von Metzenhausen also received part of the Arras Castle as a fief instead of his sick father Johann. In 1493 Heinrich von Metzenhausen testified that he had also been enfeoffed with part of the Arras Castle by Archbishop Johann II .
In October 1689, during the War of the Palatinate Succession , the French garrison of the nearby fortress of Mont Royal dragged Arras Castle to its foundations . Only the keep withstood all attempts to blow it up.
In October 1794, the administration appointed by the French revolutionary troops declared the ruins and the associated lands to be state property. The decision to sell them was only implemented after 1815, after the former Electorate of Trier territory passed to Prussia .
In 1826 Ferdinand Remy acquired the castle ruins and the 70 hectare forest connected with them from the Bendorfer industrial family of the same name . After Remy's death, his three daughters inherited Arras Castle, which they sold to the winery owner Barzen from Alf around 1850. In 1895, the mine director Traugott Wilhelm Dyckerhoff from Herne bought the ruins and had the castle rebuilt from 1907 onwards. The monument protection authority of the then Rhine province approved the reconstruction, including the keep and the remnants of the wall. The construction plans for this came from the Trier church builder Peter Marx (1872–1952) Dyckerhoff was buried on the grounds of the castle. This was possible because a documented, castle-specific burial law had existed since the Middle Ages, which was officially confirmed in 1952.
In November 1938, Dyckerhoff's heirs sold the castle to Ernst Rademacher, art dealer from Bochum († 1979), and the judge Dr. Jur. Theo Homburg († 1985). In 1954 they had the annex of the so-called cavalier wing rebuilt.
In 1978 and 1984, the married couple Maria and Otto Keuthen (1926–2009) from Briedel acquired the castle and set up a hotel and a restaurant in it. In a memorial room of the castle museum, Keuthen, the nephew of Wilhelmine Lübke geb. Keuthen (1885–1981), part of the estate of Federal President Heinrich Lübke (1894–1972), including a wall hanging from the possession of Madame de Pompadour , which the French President Charles de Gaulle had given Lübke in the 1960s. In Heinrich Luebke-house at his birthplace other memorabilia are on display. In addition to armaments and weapons as well as Kurtrier's archives, the museum also shows the largest private collection of old views of the Moselle with around 200 images.
Keep
The keep has a rectangular floor plan and is 20 meters high. It was a defense and residential tower from the Salian period . The walls of the tower are four meters thick and made of carefully layered masonry. Originally it only had a high entrance on the upper floor, this led to the upper floor of the residential building. This opening is walled up today. Under the tower there is a cistern with a capacity of 3.6 m³, which was fed with rainwater from the roofs. This was necessary because the 34 meter deep castle well lies outside the walls. According to the results of the latest castle research by Stefan Ulrich, it is much more likely, due to the humpback square, to view the keep " as a new building from the middle of the 13th century, whereby the period under the building-happy Archbishop Arnold II (1242 to 1259) would be the period of origin" .
The two-story castle dungeon was located under one of the wall towers and is still well preserved today.
Inside view (1999)
Castle walls and keep (2012)
,_Burg_Arras,_2012-08_CN-01.jpg)
Heideburg ruins
The ruins of the former Heideburg are located north of Arras Castle. Some of the walls are still there. The ruin is surrounded by a moat .
literature
- Alexander Thon, Stefan Ulrich: "Blown by the showers of the past ..." Castles and palaces on the Moselle . 1st edition. Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-7954-1926-4 , pp. 12-15.
- Stefan Ulrich: Arras, Beilstein, Bernkastel, Cochem and Thurandt. Observations on some Moselle castles . In: Castles and Palaces. Journal for Castle Research and Monument Preservation 49 Issue 3, 2008, ISSN 0007-6201 , pp. 154–160.
Web links
- Entry on Arras Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Arras Castle website ( arras.de )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ulrich 2008, p. 154.
- ↑ Burg Arras 1179, Eiflia illustrata or geographical and historical description of the Eifel by Johann Friedrich Schannat, printer and publisher of Fr. Linz'schen Buchhandlung Trier 1884 in the Google book search
- ↑ Alfons Friderichs (ed.): V. Arras, Rittergeschlecht , In: "Personalities of the Cochem-Zell District" , Kliomedia, Trier 2004, ISBN 3-89890-084-3 , p. 31.
- ^ Johann III., Trier, Archbishop (1492–1540), In the RPPD
- ^ The Moselle stream from Metz to Coblenz: a geographical-historical-statistical-topographical handbook for travelers and locals, by Georg Bärsch, Trier Verlag by Carl Troschel 1841 in the Google book search
- ↑ Brochure “Burg Arras” published by the owner in 2012
- ↑ Nobody can go there! , in: Die Zeit of March 17, 1989.
- ↑ Living like the old knights once in a while , in: Allgemeine Hotel- und Gastronomie-Zeitung from October 20, 2001.
- ^ Museum Burg Arras near Kulturland Rheinland-Pfalz , (accessed on February 21, 2020)
- ↑ Ulrich 2008, p. 154.