Castle camping
| Castle camping | ||
|---|---|---|
 Outside of the main building as a stone plinth with a half-timbered structure |
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| Alternative name (s): | Castle camping | |
| Creation time : | around 1279 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Wall remains, newer building with a half-timbered structure | |
| Standing position : | Dukes, nobles | |
| Construction: | Truss | |
| Place: | Teaching - Flechtorf | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 21 '8.6 " N , 10 ° 42' 33.5" E | |
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Campen Castle , also Campen Castle , is a former Niederungsburg in Flechtorf , a town in the municipality of Lehrer in the Helmstedt district in Lower Saxony .
Building description
The castle complex is located south of the old village center of Flechtorf on an elevated plateau in the Schunteraue between two arms of the river. On the 80 × 100 m plateau only a few remains of the walls of the former castle have survived. A part of the princely office building from the 16th century is present in the historical building, which has a stone ground floor and a half-timbered building .
history
The castle was probably some time before its first mention in 1279 in one of two arms of the river Schunter enclosed Werder built to the trade route Braunschweig - Altmark protect. The Guelph dynasty of Blankenburg, first attested in 1158, was enfeoffed with the castle and has been named after it ever since. However, as early as 1326, knight Jordan von Campe had to renounce his rights.
Campen Castle was first mentioned in 1279 in connection with the conquest of the castle by Duke Heinrich der Wunderliche and Duke Albrecht der Feiste . They had a dispute with Otto I as Bishop of Hildesheim and arrested 70 of his vassals when they took the castle . Four siege entrenchments , which are recorded on a map from 1740, testify to the siege at that time . Today they are no longer visible in the area. Among them, 300 meters from the castle, is Pallwall, which was also used as a jump and which is a square hill fort with the dimensions of 40 × 40 meters from an unknown, but probably medieval era. A medieval farmstead was discovered at Pallwall during an excavation in 2000. It was covered by a thick layer of fire and weapon parts such as crossbow bolts were found. It is therefore believed that the homestead was destroyed in an attack on the castle in 1279.
In later centuries until 1512, the castle repeatedly changed hands through pledging by the Brunswick dukes, including those of von Saldern , von Knesebeck and the city of Braunschweig . As a Merian engraving from 1654 shows, Duke Wilhelm the Younger (Braunschweig-Lüneburg) had the castle expanded into a five-winged palace complex between 1585 and 1596. These included a gatehouse , a stables , a cavalier's house , a prison and a pleasure garden .
In 1706 the castle became part of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and became a royal office . The office building with the outbuildings later became the domain of camping. It was acquired by the Flechtorf community in 1860, reforested and leased in plots. An innkeeper bought the castle complex in 1875.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Braunschweig – Calvörde postal route passed through the former castle.
20th century
Up to the 20th century, only the two-storey main building of the castle survived. On April 1, 1932, the leased Hitler Youth , the main building at the instigation of the Brunswick NSDAP - Gauleiter Hartmann Lauterbacher . A "Gauführerschule" was set up as a central training facility for Hitler Youth leadership. It was named after the free corps fighter "Albert-Leo-Schlageter-Haus" who was executed in 1923 . According to a statement by " Reichsjugendführer " Baldur von Schirach, it was the HJ's first ever "Führerschule". Lauterbacher was later responsible for the establishment of the Academy for Youth Leadership of the Hitler Youth in Braunschweig. From May 1932, courses for up to 40 participants each from the Hitler Youth, the Young People and the Association of German Girls took place in Campen . On January 8, 1933, the school was closed due to insufficient funding.
A short time later, after the seizure of power in 1933, Campen Castle continued to serve temporarily as a training location, conference center and subordinate school for the Hitler Youth. In 1937 it was acquired by the NSDAP. After the Second World War , the castle became the property of the State of Lower Saxony . In 1970, the Flechtorf community refused to take over the facility, as the renovation would have cost around DM 500,000. Today it is privately owned and residential again.
Remnants of the wall
Litter box on the outer wall
Building corner
Outbuilding at the castle, formerly part of the domain
literature
- Hans Adolf Schultz : Burgen und Schlösser des Braunschweiger Land , Braunschweig 1980, Burg Campen , pp. 24-25, ISBN 3-87884-012-8
- Sigrun Ahlers: Topographical-archaeological studies of prehistoric and early historical fortifications in the districts of Gifhorn, Helmstedt and Wolfenbüttel and in the urban district of Wolfsburg , (dissertation), Hamburg 1988
- Michael Geschwinde : Attack at dawn? in: Archeology in Lower Saxony , 2003, pp. 64–68
- Wilhelm Bornstedt : Burg und Amt Camping - Example of the development of a Brunswick office and a contribution to the history of the northeastern part of the Braunschweig district with the villages of Abbenrode, Beienrode, Boimsdorf, Dibbesdorf, Essehof, Flechtorf, Gardessen, Hordorf, apprenticeship, Rotenkamp, Schandelah, Schapen, Volkmarode, Weddel. Issue 5 of the series “Monument Preservation and History”, 2nd edition 1974
Web links
- Entry by Sandy Bieler on Castle Camping in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Reconstruction drawing of Campen Castle in Flechtorf in the 16th century
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Geschwinde: Attack at dawn? , see literature
- ↑ Excavation of a medieval farmstead near the castle, which was probably destroyed during the attack on the castle in 1279
- ↑ Schirach, Baldur von, Die Hitlerjugend. Idea and Shape, Berlin 1934, p. 135.