Isikofen Castle
| Isikofen Castle | ||
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 Isigkofen castle ruins |
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| Alternative name (s): | Isigkofen, Ysenkofen | |
| Creation time : | around 1100 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | Rubble | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Place: | Sigmaringen - Jungnau | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 7 '18.8 " N , 9 ° 13' 3.7" E | |
| Height: | 646.8 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle Isikofen even Isigkofen or Ysenkofen called, is the ruin of a Spur castle on the left side of the valley of the lower Lauchert at 646.8 m above sea level. NN , about 2500 meters south of Jungnau , a district of Sigmaringen in the district of Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg . The few remains of the former knight's castles Isikofen and Hertenstein lie on two beautiful rocks opposite one another and separated by the Lauchert.
The castle was built around 1100 by the lords of Isikofen as a spur castle. In 1385 the castle was only mentioned as a castle stable . A heap of rubble is still preserved from the former castle complex, which today still shows the remains of an enclosure wall and the remains of a building.
Isikofen Castle on the edge of the Scherragaus
The castle Isikofen secured the boundary of the possessions of the counts of Veringen to Scherragau , so named after the OHG. Word Scorra - Rocky, rugged crags. The border ran from the Danube to Gorheim , from there to the lost Isigkofen and further along the Lauchert to the tributary of the Fehla , then along this via Burladingen to Hausen im Killertal. The area west of this line belonged to the Scherragau. The place Harthausen auf der Scher still has the Scherragau in its name.
Destruction of the castle
Count Heinrich von Veringen, a peaceful, elderly gentleman, had no son. The son of his late brother, Heinrich the Younger of Neu-Veringen , was a wild, feisty warrior. Rudolf von Habsburg , who was elected German king in 1273 , now claimed several possessions from the Counts of Veringen. As the alleged heir of the old county of Veringen, Heinrich the Younger from (New) Veringen vehemently resisted any diminution of his inheritance and did not want to give anything back to the king and recognize nothing but imperial fief. When the older Heinrich died in 1283 and a short time later the younger came home from a trip to take over the expected inheritance, a royal official present at the old castle Veringen informed him that the king had acquired the allodial property of the deceased and also wish to buy his rights.
This unexpected news brought the (new) Veringer in armor. More than the loss of the hoped-for rich inheritance, he was angry about this request and even more about the fact that he should now largely jointly own the few, scattered estates and jurisdictions that fell to him in and around Veringen with the sons of the king. Brooding revenge, he left again.
In the most hostile mood towards the king and his family, he tried to counteract this from now on in every way possible. With his destroyed hereditary hopes, he did nothing to damage the hated royal family. After many unsuccessful attempts, he finally turned against the residents of Veringen and Deutstetten . He acted as their overlord and demanded taxes, gilts and various kinds of charges from them. When these were refused, he proceeded to seize, or rather to embezzle. He and his journeymen lay in wait for the people, harmed them wherever they could, took away cattle and other movable goods and dragged gentlemen (including the church lord of Deutstetten, who did not recognize him as patron) to prison to extort ransom.
The beleaguered Veringer appealed to the king, who immediately promised them his protection and protection and then pardoned them in 1285 with all kinds of liberties, including the right to the weekday market. This increased the anger and defiance of the haughty Count Heinrich von Neu-Veringen even more and to show that he did not ask anything about the king and, without his approval and conferment, would have and use the sovereign rights withheld from him over the county of Veringen, he called himself in open documents "by the grace of God, Count von Veringen" and denied the king's generally recognized rights. At the same time, he entered into a league with 15 like-minded Swabian counts (including Württemberg , Montfort , Helfenstein , Grüningen-Landau , Zollern, etc.) with the intention of deposed and expelled the king, or at least to make him submissive. Then his count's disgrace turned against the Veringer, Deuttstetter and others, whom he repeatedly plagued with robbery, murder and fire that they had never heard of such gruesome devastation.
In response to repeated complaints from the citizens of Veringen und Mengen (who were also haunted by him) the king brought this matter to the imperial assembly in Augsburg and Ulm in February 1286. Here was the unjust imperial ban and imposed But eight and it was ordered that they and their helpers are to be broken as disturbers of the peace and robber barons their castles. Now the allied counts were armed and assembled with their armed forces near Stuttgart. At the same time, other supporters of the king moved into the counties from Ulm, whose teams were with the counts gathered in Stuttgart. The faithful to the king moved to the area of the Counts of Grüningen and Veringen, leaving behind devastation and fire. The castles Neuveringen and Grüningen were looted and broken and the area around Riedlingen devastated and burned. Moving further up the Danube , it was the turn of the Montfortic possessions of Scheer and Sigmaringen. Scheer also succumbed while Sigmaringen was defended by its citizens and thus escaped destruction.
The procession now turned into the Lauchert valley , where the many other possessions of Count Heinrich von Veringen and his followers were to be visited. Arrived here, the first visit was to Hertenstein Castle , which stood on the highest rock protruding into the valley at the east bend of the Lauchert. However, since this could not be conquered, the mercenaries who moved on let their displeasure in the village of Sindelfingen, located on a slope on the west side of the Jungnauer Ried, then went to the opposite hamlet of Engkofen and set Isikofen Castle on fire on the mountain ledge above it as they did afterwards with Schiltau Castle, which stood on the Schiltachfelsen in Jungnau, and the small Affelstetten Castle below Veringendorf .
literature
- Christoph Bizer: Surface finds of castles in the Swabian Alb - A contribution to ceramic and castle research . Published by the regional council Stuttgart - State Office for Monument Preservation, Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-8062-2038-7 , pp. 402–404.
- Günter Schmitt : Isikofen . In: Ders .: Burgenführer Schwäbische Alb. Volume 3. Danube Valley. Hiking and discovering between Sigmaringen and Tuttlingen. Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach an der Riß 1990, ISBN 3-924489-50-5 , pp. 29–32.
- Christoph Bizer, Rolf Götz: Forgotten castles of the Swabian Alb . DRW-Verlag, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-87181-244-7 , pp. 86-87.