Carl Moll

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Ludwig Michalek (attributed to): Portrait of Carl Moll , 1905
The view over Vienna from the balloon in the courtyard pavilion
The Naschmarkt in Vienna , 1894, Belvedere , Vienna
Interior in the winter palace of Prince Eugene of Savoy in Himmelpfortgasse , 1907/1908, Belvedere , Vienna

Carl Moll (born April 23, 1861 in Vienna ; † April 13, 1945 there ) was an Austrian painter of Art Nouveau .

genealogy

Carl Moll was a son of the wholesaler, manufacturer and member of the Vienna City Council Julius Johann Franz Moll (* June 2, 1829 - March 15, 1877) and Maria Magdalena Rosina Schmid (* August 28, 1835 - April 18, 1919) .

His paternal grandparents were Ignaz Moll (* 1776; † 1846) from Linz, owner of the pharmacy " Zum Weißen Storch " in Vienna, and Eleonora Koller (* 1796; † 1834). His maternal grandparents were Anton Schmid (* 1806; † 1857), master baker in Wieden , and Rosina Fischer (* 1814; † 1847). His uncle Karl Schmid (* 1837, † 1871), a landscape painter in Vienna, who influenced him at an early age and aroused his interest in painting, also came from the maternal line.

On November 3, 1895, Carl Moll married the actress and singer Anna Sofie Bergen (* 1857 - † 1938) from Hamburg. She was the widow of the landscape painter Emil Jakob Schindler , who died in 1892 and whose pupil and assistant Carl Moll was. His wife brought two daughters into the marriage, one of whom was the later famous Alma Mahler-Werfel . Carl Moll did not adopt the two daughters.

He and his wife Anna had a biological daughter Maria (* August 9, 1899 in Vienna; † April 13, 1945 in Vienna), later the wife of the District Court Vice-President Richard Eberstaller (* April 12, 1887 in Langenlois; † April 13, 1945 in Vienna).

Life

Moll studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna in 1880/1881 with Christian Griepenkerl . He later became a student of Emil Jakob Schindler.

In 1896 he received a small gold medal at the International Art Exhibition in Berlin . In 1897 he was one of the founders of the Vienna Secession . The Secessionists brought exhibitions of contemporary art to Vienna. In 1901 Josef Hoffmann built a large semi-detached house for Moll and Koloman Moser on Hohe Warte in Vienna's 19th district, the first of a planned villa colony for wealthy builders. Moll lived here at 19., Steinfeldgasse 8, then until 1908. That year he moved “around the corner” to Wollergasse 10, where he lived until his death.

At Moll's instigation, the State Modern Gallery , today the Austrian Gallery Belvedere , was built in 1903 .

In 1905, Carl Moll left the Secession together with Gustav Klimt's group . As director of the Miethke Gallery, he also appeared as a patron of Klimt. He organized exhibitions by international artists and brought works by Vincent van Gogh to Vienna for the first time .

Carl Moll was a member of the German Association of Artists .

In the 1930s, Moll became a staunch National Socialist . However, in March 1938 after Austria's annexation to Hitler's Germany, his stepdaughter Alma and her husband, the poet Franz Werfel , had to flee because of his Jewish descent. Just a few days later, Moll picked up five pictures that Alma had loaned from the Belvedere gallery on behalf of his daughter Maria Eberstaller. Moll later sold the most valuable of the pictures, Edvard Munch's summer night on the beach, back to the gallery.

When the Red Army won the Battle of Vienna at the beginning of April 1945 , Moll wrote a farewell letter dated April 10th with the sentence I fall asleep unrepentant, I've had everything beautiful that life has to offer. Three days later, Moll, his daughter and his son-in-law committed suicide by poisoning themselves in the Grinzinger Villa (Wollergasse 10). He was buried in the Grinzing cemetery .

plant

Moll became known for his large-format color lithographs and woodcuts. The style of his later landscape paintings increasingly changed from the two-dimensional painting of the Secessionists to more spatiality, in the later years he increasingly approached Expressionism .

Works by Moll are among others. a. in the following collections:

Moll also wrote the biography: Emil Jakob Schindler, 1842-92, a portrait study. Austrian State Printing Office , Vienna 1930.

Reception at the art market

On June 21, 2013, an oil painting by the artist was sold at an online auction house for 297,000 euros (395,000 US dollars). It is the highest auction price ever achieved for a painting by this painter in the world.

literature

Web links

Commons : Carl Moll  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Menges, Franz, “Moll, Carl”, in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 17 (1994), pp. 735–737
  2. ↑ Prof. Dr. Vladimir Aichelburg; 150 years Künstlerhaus Vienna 1861-2011; The victims 1938-1945
  3. ↑ Entry in the Design Info Pool (dip) of the Museum of Applied Arts (MAK) ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dip.mak.at
  4. ↑ kuenstlerbund.de: Full members of the German Association of Artists since it was founded in 1903 / Moll, Carl ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on November 18, 2015)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kuenstlerbund.de
  5. ↑ Tim Bonyhady: Wohllebengasse. The story of my Viennese family , translated from English by Brigitte Hilzensauer, Paul Zsolnay Verlag, Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-552-05648-0 , p. 339
  6. ^ Haus Moll in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  7. ↑ The victims 1938-1945 | Vladimir Aichelburg. Retrieved on August 23, 2018 (German).
  8. ↑ Systemic ignoring. derstandard.at, accessed on July 20, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Browse the entry for Carl Moll. web.art.org, accessed July 20, 2013 .
personal data
SURNAME Minor, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Minor, Carl Julius Rudolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian painter of Art Nouveau
DATE OF BIRTH April 23, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH April 13, 1945
Place of death Vienna