Cephalotaxus oliveri
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Cephalotaxus oliveri |
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Cephalotaxus oliveri is a species of plant fromthe head family (Cephalotaxaceae). It is native to China, other occurrences in southeast Asia are considered questionable.
description
Cephalotaxus oliveri grows as an evergreen shrub or small tree that can reach heights of up to 4 meters. The scaly trunk bark is yellow to grayish brown in color. The 7 to 9 centimeter long branches are elongated-elliptical in cross-section.
The leathery, straight or slightly crescent-shaped needles are linear-lanceolate in shape with a length of 1.5 to 3.2 centimeters and a width of 2.3 to 3.2 millimeters. They stand on a stalk about 0.5 millimeters long and go from the branches at an angle of 55 to 70 °. The base of the needles is slightly heart-shaped to heart-shaped, while the point is blunt or sharply pointed. The edges of the needles are flat. The top of the needle is dull green in color and there are 13 to 17 rows of stomata on the bottom of the needle .
The flowering period of Cephalotaxus oliveri extends from March to April and the seeds ripen from August to October. The male cones each contain six to ten microsporophylls with three to four pollen sacs each . The individual, female cones have a stalk about 0.6 centimeters long. They are surrounded by a seed coat ( arillus ). The obovate, egg-shaped to almost spherical seeds are 2.2 to 2.7 inches long and 1.4 to 1.8 inches wide. They have a spiky tip.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Distribution and location
The natural range of Cephalotaxus oliveri includes central and southern China. The species is found there in Chongqing , northern Guangdong , Guizhou , western Hubei , Hunan , eastern Jiangxi , southern and western Sichuan and eastern Yunnan . According to some authors, there are also deposits in Thailand, Laos , Vietnam and eastern India. However, these occurrences are questionable and require more detailed investigation.
Cephalotaxus oliveri thrives at altitudes of 300 to 1800 meters. The species grows mainly in the undergrowth of subtropical deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests. In the undergrowth, the species occurs along with various kinds of barberry ( Berberis ), Summer Lilacs ( Buddleia ), camellia ( Camellia ), cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ), deutzia ( Deutzia ), spindle shrubs ( Euonymus ), hydrangea ( Hydrangea ), honeysuckle ( Lonicera ) Prunus and rhododendrons ( rhododendrons ).
Cephalotaxus oliveri is classified as "Endangered" in the IUCN Red List . The main risk is the destruction of forests to make the soil usable for agriculture and for the production of wood. Collecting the bark and other parts of plants for medical use also plays an important role. The total population of the species is considered to be in decline.
use
The bark and other parts of the plant are used as medicine. They contain many alkaloids , which are said to be effective against cancer.
Systematics
It was first described as Cephalotaxus oliveri in 1898 by Maxwell Tylden Masters in Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier , Volume 6, Page 270.
Web links
literature
- Christopher J. Earle: Cephalotaxus oliveri. In: The Gymnosperm Database. conifers.org, November 23, 2012, accessed December 23, 2013 .
- Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias, Robert R. Mill: Pinaceae . Picea. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Cephalotaxus oliveri , p. 85 ( Cephalotaxus oliveri - online - this printed work is online with the same text).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Christopher J. Earle: Cephalotaxus oliveri. In: The Gymnosperm Database. conifers.org, November 23, 2012, accessed December 23, 2013 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias, Robert R. Mill: Pinaceae . Picea. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Cephalotaxus oliveri , p. 85 ( Cephalotaxus oliveri - online - this printed work is online with the same text).
- ↑ a b c d Cephalotaxus oliveri in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2013 Posted by: W. Liao & Y. Yang, 2010. Accessed December 23, 2013.
- ↑ Cephalotaxus oliveri at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 23, 2013.
- ↑ Cephalotaxus oliveri. In: The Plant List. theplantlist.org, accessed December 23, 2013 .