Khalil Akhmedovich Rachmatulin

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Khalil Achmedowitsch Rachmatulin ( Russian Халил Ахмедович Рахматулин ; born April 10 . Jul / 23. April  1909 . Greg in Tokmok ; † 10. January 1988 in Moscow ) was a Kyrgyz - Russian physicist and university teacher .

Life

Rachmatulin was the youngest of four children. The father died before Rachmatulin was born, and the mother died a few years later. Rachmatulin grew up with his mother's older sister in a family with 9 children. Her husband was a teacher. He recognized the abilities of Rachmatulin and sparked his interest in mathematics . In 1925, Rachmatulin entered the Tashkent Pedagogical Technical Center, after which he taught there. He continued his studies at the physics and mathematics faculty of the Central Asian State University in Tashkent. In 1931, Rachmatulin was transferred to the Moscow University (MGU) at the request of Anatoly Wassiljewitsch Lunacharsky . He then studied at the mechanically -mathematischen Faculty of MGU with completion in 1934. After three years of postgraduate study at Felix Frankl defended Rachmatulin 1937 his candidate dissertation on high-speed aerodynamics . He became a lecturer at the mechanical-mathematical faculty of the MGU and headed the laboratory for aerodynamics.

After the start of the German-Soviet war Rachmatulin was created using the MGU to Ashgabat evacuated . Together with Andrei Petrovich Minakov , he developed a theory for the impact against a flexible thread with regard to blocking balloons in front of Moscow. In 1943, Rachmatulin defended his doctoral dissertation on the theory of the parachute . As a member of the commission for the evaluation of German developments in the field of missile technology , Rachmatulin traveled to Germany in 1945 . In 1947 he was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic .

When the NII-88 missile center (now the Central Research Institute for Mechanical Engineering ) was organized in Kaliningrad in Moscow Oblast in 1947 with Sergei Pavlovich Korolev as the head of the design department, the scientific vice-director Alexei Antonowitsch Ilyushin invited Rachmatulin to investigate the movement of bodies at supersonic speeds . Under Rachmatulin’s direction, a unique experimental facility was created in which spacecraft could be examined in a gas flow at supersonic speeds. The gas stream could be heated to temperatures of up to 6000 ° C. at pressures of up to 100 atm . This made it possible to simulate the conditions when spacecraft re- entered the earth's atmosphere . Heat protection layers for spacecraft were tested. The use of heat-dissipating materials made it possible to conduct experiments under these extreme conditions with times of up to 3 minutes .

Rachmatulin was the scientific director of the Moscow Parachute Landing Systems Research Institute. He suggested using a cannon to test parachutes for soft landing spacecraft. His theory of impact against a flexible thread was used in the development of safety cables for aircraft carriers .

Rachmatulin founded and headed the chairs for gas dynamics (1951) and wave dynamics (1954), which were then merged and were among the founders of the MGU Institute of Mechanics (1959). In 1956 he became a member of the new National Commission of the USSR for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics .

Rachmatulin was buried in the Kunzewoer cemetery .

The Russian National Committee for Theoretical and Applied Mechanics donated the Rachmatulin Medal.

Honors, prizes

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Координационный Совет российских соотечественников Киргизии: Рахматулин Халил Ахмедович (accessed April 1, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Landeshelden: Рахматулин Халил Ахмедович (accessed April 1, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Rachmatulin's grave (accessed April 1, 2019).
  4. ↑ Chair of Gas and Wave Dynamics : Медаль имени Х.А. Рахматулина (accessed April 1, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Rachmatulin, Chalil Akhmedovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Рахматулин, Халил Ахмедович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Kyrgyz-Russian physicist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH April 23, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Tokmok
DATE OF DEATH January 10, 1988
Place of death Moscow