Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

	Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси ; Russian Узбекская Советская Социалистическая Республика
	Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
flag	coat of arms
Official language	officially none; de facto Uzbek and Russian
Capital	Tashkent
surface	447,400 km²
population	19,906,000
Population density	44.5 inhabitants per km²
Time zone	UTC + 5

The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (abbreviation UsSSR ; Uzbek Ўзбекистон Совет Социалистик Республикаси O'zbekiston Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasi ; Russian Узбекская Советская Социалистическая Республика Usbekskaja Sovetskaya Sozialistitscheskaja Respublika ) was dated 17 February 1925 to 1991, a Union Republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . It was previously part of the former Turkestan SSR . The area of the Uzbek SSR historically belonged to the ancient cultural landscape of Turkestan . Uzbekistan declared its independence in 1991 .

Existence period

After the Bolsheviks had taken power in Tashkent and in the Russian heartland at the end of 1917 , the former General Government of Turkestan was formed into the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkestan ASSR) within the RSFSR in 1918 .

In 1920, with the support of the Bolsheviks, the rulers of Khiva Khanate and the Bukhara emirate were overthrown and the People's Republic of Khorezmia and the People's Republic of Bukhara were proclaimed, which concluded cooperation agreements with the RSFSR. In the east of the country, the ousted Emir Said Alim Khan of Bukhara gathered fighters against the Soviets with British help, but was driven back to Afghanistan by the Red Army in early 1921. At the end of 1921 his followers crossed the border again and allied themselves with the Basmati and Enver Pascha . Enver, appointed by Alim-Khan as "Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Islam and Governor of the Emir of Bukhara", actually conquered Dushanbe and occupied all of eastern Bukhara (Tajikistan), but was defeated by the Soviets in the summer of 1922 and fell in battle.

In 1924/1925 the Soviet republics in Central Asia were restructured according to national criteria and all three of the above-mentioned state structures were dissolved. The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (Uzbek SSR) was formed from parts of all three regions and became a member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1925 . Tajikistan , which had initially formed an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Uzbek SSR, was separated from Uzbekistan in 1929 as an independent Tajik SSR . The first chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Uzbek SSR was Fajsulla Khojayev .

The Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR Karakalpakische), the first part of the RSFSR and the Kazakhstan had been, was, however, together with the Kyzylkum -region 1932 spun off again Kazakhstan and in 1936 transferred from the RSFSR to Uzbekistan.

In 1937, under party leader Usman Yusupov, a Moscow-based Stalinist party and state bureaucracy was formed after the local leadership recruited in the 1920s fell victim to the Stalinist terror.

During the times of the Soviet Union , the region's science, culture and economy took off in the Uzbek SSR.

From 1959 to 1983, the party prince Sharaf Rashidov ruled Uzbekistan in a prime example of a local partocracy with the attributes of a communist khanate.

At the end of Rashidov's reign, embezzlement and plan forgery affairs in the Uzbek cotton sector became known.

Territory development

The Uzbek SSR was formed on October 27, 1924 with the dissolution of the People's Republic of Bukhara and the Turkestan ASSR . Bukhara and Samarkand fell to Uzbekistan, on October 14, 1924 the Tajik ASSR was formed from the rest of the People's Republic of Bukhara , which was initially still affiliated with the status of an autonomous republic of Uzbekistan.

The Uzbek SSR received the city of Khiva from the People's Republic of Khoresmia , which was also dissolved in 1925 , and the south of this former People's Republic fell to the Turkmen SSR, which was formed in 1924 . In 1929 Tajikistan was spun off from Uzbekistan as a separate Union Republic (SSR). The administrative boundary was not drawn according to the ethnicity of the population. This was particularly true of the cities of Bukhara and Samarkand. First, instead of Bukhara, Samarkand became the capital of the Uzbek SSR, and from 1930 this function was transferred to Tashkent .

In 1936, Karakalpakstan and the Kyzylkum -type region (Navoi) from the Russian SFSR ceded to Uzbekistan.

The victory of the Soviet power in all of Central Asia led to a wave of opposition (traditional, conservative) Uzbeks and Turkmens to emigrate to northern Afghanistan , where the refugees settled mainly around Mazar-e-sharif in the 1920s.

General Secretaries

List of General Secretaries of the Communist Party of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic:

Vladimir Ivanov (1925–1927)
Kuprijan Kirkisch (1927–1929)
Nikolai Gikalo (1929)
Isaak Selensky (1929)
Akmal Ikramow (1929-1937)
Pyotr Yakovlev (1937)
Usman Yusupov (1937-1953)
Amin Nijasow (1953–1955)
Nuritdin Muchitdinow (1955–1957)
Sabir Kamalow (1957-1959)
Sharaf Rashidov (1959–1983)
Inamschon Usmanchodschajew (1983–1988)
Rafik Nischanow (1988–1989)
Islam Karimov (1989–1991)

Web links

Commons : Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

Afif Alimov: Uzbekistan; Another Big Leap Forward , Soviet Booklets, London 1960, ( The fifteen Soviet Socialist Republics today and tomorrow D), ( Soviet Booklet 60).