Chemical elements of the fifth period
The fifth period of the periodic table of the elements contains all chemical elements that have exactly five electron shells in the atom . The innermost (first) electron shell is fully occupied and has two electrons . The second electron shell with 8 electrons and the third electron shell with 18 electrons are also fully occupied. The fourth electron shell has at least eight electrons and can hold a maximum of 18 electrons. The outermost (fifth) electron shell, also called the valence shell , can hold between one and eight electrons. Thus there are a total of 18 chemical elements in the fifth period.
Extract from the periodic table
group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4th | 5 | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14th | 15th | 16 | 17th | 18th |
I. | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | |||||||||||
Atomic number symbol |
37 Rb |
38 Sr |
39 Y |
40 Zr |
41 Nb |
42 Mon |
43 Tc |
44 Ru |
45 Rh |
46 Pd |
47 Ag |
48 Cd |
49 in |
50 Sn |
51 Sb |
52 te |
53 I. |
54 Xe |
Alkali metals | Alkaline earth metals | Transition metals | other metals | Semi-metals | Halogens | Noble gases |
Magic number
The chemical element tin with atomic number 50 has a higher stability in the basic state of the atomic nucleus than neighboring nuclides . This particular ordinal number is known as the magic number .
Number of electrons in the electron shells
Electron shell | Number of electrons | comment | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All in all | s orbital | p orbital | d orbital | f orbital | ||
1 | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | innermost electron shell |
2 | 8th | 2 | 6th | - | - | |
3 | 18th | 2 | 6th | 10 | - | |
4th | 8 to 18 | 2 | 6th | 0 to 10 | - | |
5 | 1 to 8 | 1 to 2 | 0 to 6 | - | - | outermost electron shell , valence shell |
list
Atomic number | symbol | Surname | Element category | Physical state | Electron configuration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
37 | Rb | Rubidium | Alkali metals | firmly | [ Kr ] 5s 1 |
38 | Sr | strontium | Alkaline earth metals | firmly | [Kr] 5s 2 |
39 | Y | yttrium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 1 5s 2 |
40 | Zr | Zirconium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 2 5s 2 |
41 | Nb | niobium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 4 5s 1 |
42 | Mon | molybdenum | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 5 5s 1 |
43 | Tc | Technetium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 5 5s 2 |
44 | Ru | Ruthenium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 7 5s 1 |
45 | Rh | Rhodium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 8 5s 1 |
46 | Pd | palladium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 0 |
47 | Ag | silver | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 1 |
48 | CD | cadmium | Transition metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 |
49 | In | Indium | other metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 1 |
50 | Sn | tin | other metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 2 |
51 | Sb | antimony | Semi-metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 3 |
52 | Te | Tellurium | Semi-metals | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 4 |
53 | I. | Iodine | Halogens | firmly | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 5 |
54 | Xe | xenon | Noble gases | gaseous | [Kr] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 6 |