Chemchik
|
Chemchik Хемчик, Кемчик, Kemchik |
||
 Chemchik near Kyzyl-Maschalyk |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 17010300112116100008669 | |
| location | Republic of Tuva ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Yenisei | |
| Drain over | Yenisei → Arctic Ocean | |
| source |
Shapshal ridge ( Altai ) 50 ° 52 ′ 36 ″ N , 89 ° 21 ′ 48 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 2450 m | |
| muzzle |
Sajano-Schuschensk reservoir of the Yenisei Coordinates: 51 ° 44 ′ 7 " N , 92 ° 11 ′ 30" E 51 ° 44 ′ 7 " N , 92 ° 11 ′ 30" E |
|
| Mouth height | 540 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1910 m | |
| Bottom slope | about 6 ‰ | |
| length | 320 km | |
| Catchment area | 27,000 km² | |
| Discharge at the Ijme A Eo gauge : 25,500 km² Location: 59 km above the mouth |
MQ 1975/1993 Mq 1975/1993 |
101 m³ / s 4 l / (s km²) |
| Left tributaries | Alasch , Ak-Sug , Ustju-Ischkin , Aldy-Ischkin | |
| Right tributaries | Barlyk , Chadan | |
| Small towns | Ak-Dowurak | |
| Communities | Teeli , Kyzyl-Maschalyk , Sug-Aksy | |
| Navigable | not navigable | |
The Chemtschik ( Russian Хемчик ; Tuvinian Кемчик , Kemtschik ) is a 320 km long left tributary of the Yenisei in the southern Siberian Republic of Tuva ( Russia ).
course
The Chemtschik rises at about 2750 m on the eastern flank of the 3100 m high Shapschal ridge , which forms the border between Tuva and the Altai Republic in the east of the Russian Altai . It flows in an easterly direction in an initially narrow valley, which then widens above the village of Teeli in the western part of the Tuvinian Basin . In the steppe landscape , also called Chemchik Basin there, framed by West Sayan in the north and Tannu-ola Mountains in the south, it continues in a north-easterly direction past the small town of Ak-Dowurak and the district administrative centers of Kyzyl-Maschalyk and Sug-Aksy (formerly Sut-Chol ). In this section the river has a slower current, meanders in places and forms arms.
In the lower reaches, the river leaves the plateau, takes on the character of a fast flowing mountain river again and cuts through the part of the West Sayan called the Chemchik Mountains in a narrow, rocky valley. It finally flows into the Sajano-Schuschensker reservoir of the Yenisei. The lowest section of the river is more than ten kilometers in the reservoir area, depending on the water level. Above the reservoir, the Chemtschik is over 100 meters wide and two meters deep, the flow velocity there is 3.0 m / s.
The most important tributaries are, from right Barlyk and Chadan , more Chon-Chem, Czech Inge-Chem, Tschyrgaky and Kara-Sug, and from left Alash and Ak-Sug , more Little Khemchik River (Maly Khemchik River), Tschindosyn and Aldy-Ischkin .
Hydrology
The catchment area of the river covers 27,000 km².
The mean annual discharge at the gauge 59 kilometers above the mouth is 101 m³ / s bit with a minimum monthly mean of 26.1 m³ / s in February and a maximum monthly mean of 246 m³ / s in July. The river freezes from November to late April / early May.
Use and infrastructure
The Chemchik is not navigable. In the area of the middle reaches, in the relatively dry Chemtschik Basin, the Chemtschik and some of its tributaries are used for irrigation , for the purpose of which smaller irrigation channels were created.
The A162 road to Kyzyl runs through the Chemchik valley from Teeli on a longer section . It crosses the river twice, first above the village of Aldyn-Bulak, because it changes Ak-Dowurak and Kyzyl-Maschalyk back to the right bank of the river. There the A161 branches off in the direction of Abasa and Abakan , the western of the two road connections from Tuva to the northern regions of Russia.
From the upper reaches of the Chemtschik one of the lowest passes crosses the Shapschal ridge between Tuva and the western neighboring republic Altai at 2534 m . Beyond the pass of the Sai Gonysch, one of the headwaters springs from the right Chulyshman -Nebenflusses Schawla in the river system of the Whether . However, only one road runs over the pass; the eastern part of the Altai Republic on the other side of the pass is largely uninhabited.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Soviet General Staff Map 1: 100,000. Sheet M-45-47
- ↑ Soviet General Staff Map 1: 200,000. Sheet M-46-III
- ↑ a b c Article Chemtschik in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Chemchik in the State Water Directory of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ a b Chemtschik at the Ijme gauge - hydrographic data at R-ArcticNET