Chinmoy

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Chinmoy (1980s)
Signature of Sri Chinmoy

Chinmoy Kumar Ghose , known as Sri Chinmoy (born August 27, 1931 in Shakpura , British India , † October 11, 2007 in New York ) was a spiritual teacher who moved from South India to the United States in 1964.

Live and act

Early Years in India (1931-1964)

Starting a sprint in his youth

Chinmoy was born in 1931 as the youngest of seven children in the village of Shakpura near the city of Chittagong in the then Indian region of East Bengal. His father, Shashi Kumar Ghosh, was a railway inspector and later the owner and head of a bank. His mother Yogamaya Ghosh ran the family household and was interested in spirituality . In 1943 Chinmoy lost his father to illness, and a few months later his mother too. In 1944 he followed his siblings and entered the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in Pondicherry in southern India. After finishing school, he worked in various handicraft workshops in the Ashram . For the last 8 or so years in the community, he worked as the secretary of the Bengali writer Nolini Kanta Gupta and translated his writings from Bengali into English. He wrote his first essays in the late 1950s . At the age of 12 or 13 he had started writing poetry himself.

After only a short time in the ashram , Chinmoy, according to his own statements, became conscious again at the age of 13 of that God-realization or enlightenment that he had achieved in a previous life. He spent the next twenty years in the spiritual community devoting himself to meditation. Chinmoy describes how he began to practice sahaja samadhi at the age of around 19 and became permanent at 23 - an awareness in which one is filled with enlightenment not only during meditation but also during everyday activities.

Time in the West (1964-2007)

In 1964 Chinmoy moved to New York with the support of an American sponsor . From June 1964 to June 1967 he worked there in the Indian consulate. During these years he took his first meditation students, gave his first lecture on Hinduism at a New York synagogue at the request of a rabbi through the agency of the consulate, and at the request of the Asian Society his first public musical performance at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum . On August 27, 1965, the first "AUM Magazine" appeared, a small magazine that was published until the mid-1980s and in which Chinmoy's spiritual writings and lectures were printed. The first official Sri Chinmoy Center was established in Puerto Rico on July 22, 1966 and the second in New York on August 12, 1966, where his meditation students met for common meditation.

After Chinmoy had given up his position in the Indian consulate after three years of activity, he increasingly began to lead public meditations in New York. From 1967 onwards he traveled more often and gave lectures at educational institutions and major universities in the Caribbean Islands, North America, the Philippines and Japan. In 1970, at the invitation of the India Society, he gave a series of lectures on the Bhagavad Gita in the Vanderbilt Hall of New York University. In 1970 Chinmoy gave his first lecture in German-speaking countries at the “American International School” in Zurich and in 1973 his first lecture in Germany at Frankfurt University. As the seven-part book series "My Rose Petals" shows, he traveled to Europe in the following years and gave lectures at universities. From the mid-1980s onwards, Chinmoy largely ceased his lecturing activities and from then on gave primarily meditation concerts worldwide.

In April 1970 Chinmoy began at the invitation of the UN Secretary General U Thant twice a week as head of the meditation group called “Sri Chinmoy: The Peace Meditations at the United Nations” meditations for UN delegates, employees and representatives of non-governmental organizations at the United Nations Hold New York. For Chinmoy, the United Nations is “the heart home of the world body” and embodies the hopes and dreams of the human family. After leading the "peace meditations" at the UN , which many UN employees and diplomats attended for 37 years, more than 700 UN employees, ambassadors, members of the American Congress and representatives of various faiths paid tribute to his work at United Nations Headquarters in New York. During the ceremony at the UN, Daw Aye Aye Thant, the daughter of former UN Secretary General U Thant, mentioned in her speech: “In a letter to Sri Chinmoy in April 1972, my father wrote: 'You indeed have the minds of hundreds brought up by people here the moral and spiritual values ​​that we both value so much. I will always hold in my heart the memorable occasion of our meeting at the United Nations. ' […] I consider myself lucky to have known Sri Chinmoy and to have been in his presence many times, and also to have met many members of the meditation group. "

World Parliament of Religions , Chicago 1993

In 1993, on the 100th anniversary of the Parliament of the World's Religions, Chinmoy was invited to open the event's plenary session in Chicago with a silent meditation in front of 6,000 delegates and people who wanted to foster interreligious dialogue. In 2004 he officially opened the Parliament of the World Religions in Barcelona with a meditation.

In the 1970s, music legends John McLaughlin and Carlos Santana accepted Chinmoy as spiritual teachers for a period. Several spiritually influenced titles by the Mahavishnu Orchestra, founded by John McLaughlin in 1971, such as "Love, Devotion, Surrender" or " The Inner Mounting Flame " were created against this background. The track and field athlete and nine-time Olympic gold medalist Carl Lewis is one of his meditation students and the American soul and jazz singer Roberta Flack is one of his admirers.

General

Chinmoy Kumar Ghose worked as a writer, poet, composer, musicians, artists and athletes to the in meditation to teach experienced, and built from New York, a global network of meditation centers. Chinmoy's philosophy of inner peace as the basis for the harmonious coexistence of people became known in different countries primarily through his concerts, his art and spectacular acts of strength.

Chinmoy did not found an ashram , a spiritual community comparable to a monastery, but taught his meditation students to accept the world, to bring out their inner potential through regular meditation in everyday life and all of their activities and thereby contribute to the betterment of the world. At the center of his philosophy is meditation on the spiritual heart, which creates free access to infinite joy, inner peace and eternal truth. This enables you to easily cope with your everyday problems.

An integral part of Chinmoy's teaching is the respect and tolerance for other ways and religions , which is rooted in the knowledge that all ways have the same origin in their essence and ultimately arrive at the same goal. So he saw a building block for the future well-being of mankind in the cooperation and not in the competition of the followers of all religions and he campaigned for it through the Peace Run . Chinmoy's efforts led to the opening of the Parliament of the World's Religions in Chicago in 1993 and in Barcelona in 2004 with a silent meditation at the invitation of the organizers . The Parliament of the World's Religions was the largest and most comprehensive interreligious gathering in the world at the time.

“True religion has a universal quality. It does not find fault with other religions. [...] Forgiveness, compassion, tolerance, brotherhood and the feeling of oneness are the signs of a true religion. "

“True religion has a universal quality. She doesn't criticize other religions. [...] Forgiveness, compassion, tolerance, brotherhood and a sense of oneness are the characteristics of a true religion. "

- Sri Chinmoy

creativity

According to his meditation students and his own statements, Chinmoy wrote 1,500 books, 115,000 poems and 20,000 songs. He also drew 16 million "birds of peace" and gave almost 800 concerts.

Compositions and concerts

Chinmoy wrote most of his spiritual songs in Bengali and English. In 2006, while visiting Japan, he composed his 13,000th song in his native Bengali. In 1995 India's "Limca Book of Records" had already included Chinmoy as the most prolific song composer in the world. His series of Peace and World Harmony concerts began on March 24, 1984 with the concert in the Cologne Sports Hall, which was attended by 8,500 people. At these meditative concerts, to which entry was always free, Chinmoy played 15 to 20 musical instruments, mostly the cello, flute, bamboo flute, violin, harmonium, Hawaiian guitar , synthesizer and improvised on the piano. He saw himself as someone who understands a little of all instruments, but is not a master on any. Chinmoy's main concern was to create a spiritually uplifting atmosphere with his musical performance. Since 1984 he has given a total of 60 concerts in German-speaking countries. Some of his more than 750 concerts in 62 countries took place in smaller halls, others in large halls, such as the Royal Albert Hall in London, Le Zénith (Paris) , the Carnegie Hall in New York and the Nippon Budokan Hall in Tokyo.

Horst Hüttl writes in his doctoral thesis on the Sri Chinmoy movement that Chinmoy's music evoked a wide range of reactions. It ranges from words of praise from Leonard Bernstein, to listeners who listen to the sounds of Chinmoy's concerts in meditative-interested silence and applaud, to concert goers who leave the hall early. Two press reports said that Chinmoy sometimes did not play flawlessly and that it was difficult for a western person to judge the purely linear Indian music of the spheres. Even so, the effect he achieved is generally astonishing. Other press reports would more likely reflect the journalist's personal attitude towards Chinmoy.

Literature and poetry

Chinmoy's literary work mainly covers the topics of meditation , yoga , the connection between sport and meditation, reincarnation and spirituality , with many books being transcriptions of lectures, conversations or interviews Chinmoy's which were then published in question-and-answer style. Chinmoy's main lyrical works include the series of poems “Ten Thousand Blossom Flames”, “Twenty-seven Thousand Thousand Thoughtful Plants” and “Seventy-seven Thousand Service Trees”, of which only 47,000 poems were created from the last series. Most of the 1,500 books Chinmoy has published are available online in English. Chinmoy's poems, aphorisms, essays, commentaries on Indian writings, stories and plays have been self-published by his students as well as by various publishing houses and have appeared in different countries and languages. The works published by publishing houses include his commentaries on the writings of Hinduism "Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavadgita" published in the German book series "Diederichs Yellow Row" and the book "The Wings of Joy" published by the American publisher "Simon & Schuster" .

Artistic creation

Jharna Kala Pictures by Chinmoy

Chinmoy began painting colored, abstract acrylic paintings in 1974. He referred to his works of art as "Jharna-Kala" ( Bengali for "source art"). With his pictures he wants to inspire people to become aware of the beauty and richness of the inner world. Chinmoy painted thousands of these acrylic paintings. The format of his works ranges from the size of a postage stamp to large wall paintings that also reach dimensions of 4 × 20 m.

In December 1991 Chinmoy drew his first bird sketches with a few strokes and it took seconds to do so. He chose the theme “bird” because, from his point of view, birds awaken in us the longing to return to the source. The artist completed the millionth drawing of his birds in January 1994. With the project he also wanted to draw attention to the fact that the inner peace of the human being is the key to a more peaceful world that is gradually emerging.

“For me, Sri Chinmoy's little birds are cheerful, 'lively' symbols of freedom and life. Each is an individual, and yet they all belong together, together form a whole, a cosmos of ever new variants, none of which is like the other. Living together in the awareness of togetherness and diversity - this is the basis of peace. "( Hans Gercke, long-time director of the Heidelberger Kunstverein )

The international exhibitions of his works of art include those in the Alexander Koenig Museum in Bonn, UNESCO in Paris and the Commonwealth Institute in London. His paintings are part of the permanent collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and the Museum of Modern Art in St. Petersburg. In September 2000 Chinmoy's bird drawings were exhibited at the UN in New York and in the summer of 2008 25 of his “Paintings for Harmony in the World” were on view there.

"Peace Run"

In 1987, Chinmoy initiated an international friendship run, the Peace Run. The run initially took place every two years and later annually. In Europe, for example, in 2008 the run ran over almost 24,000 km through 49 countries. The goal of the torch relay is to promote understanding and harmonious coexistence between people of all countries, beliefs and cultures. The team of runners often visits schools and the children sometimes write essays or paint pictures or make flags on the subject. Personalities like Mother Teresa , Nelson Mandela , Mikhail Gorbachev and Carl Lewis supported the run and held the torch.

Sports

Since his youth at the Sri Aurobindo Ashram, Chinmoy was an athlete and participated in ashram events mostly in sprint and decathlon. In the United States, he took part in bicycle races and tennis, and began long-distance running in 1978. He completed 22 marathons and several ultra marathons .

In 1977 he founded the Sri Chinmoy Marathon Team, which organizes around 500 public sporting events worldwide, from 2-mile runs to ultramarathons, triathlons, Masters Games (athletics competitions for athletes over 40) to long-distance swimming. Harry A. Arndt, long-time president of the German Ultramarathon Association, describes the Sri Chinmoy Marathon Team as a pioneer in ultra running, which has given long-distance running important impulses.

At the longest certified run in the world, the Self-Transcendence 3100 Mile Race , organized by the Sri Chinmoy Marathon Team, Wolfgang Schwerk set 74 new world records in 2006 over the distance of 3100 miles (4989 km).

According to newspaper reports, the Sri Chinmoy Marathon Team events do not promote meditation classes or new meditation students. When asked that this amazes runners, Chinmoy explained in an interview with John Hanc of the New York Newsday newspaper in November 1989 that he does not want to proselytize with his running events, but wants to give people the opportunity to show their own good qualities .

For Chinmoy, the meaning of competitions is not to defeat the other, but to inspire each other to do your best, develop your own abilities and leave the result to God. He encouraged his meditation students to run regularly, as sport makes the body fit, healthy and balanced and thus creates the conditions for good meditation and dynamic work in the world.

Most of the sporting events of the Sri Chinmoy Marathon Team have the addition "Self-Transcendence" in their title - in German "Growing beyond oneself". Chinmoy understands this to mean that you feel joy every time you grow beyond your previous achievements and do not compete with others, but with yourself. For Chinmoy, "self-transcendence" is part of his philosophy, and he inspired his meditation students to set new and higher goals in all areas of life as well as in spirituality and to grow beyond their own inner and outer limits.

Weightlifting

When a knee injury made running impossible for Chinmoy in 1985, he began heavy lifting at the age of 54. Shortly thereafter, the strength athlete and multiple Mister Universum Bill Pearl became Chinmoy's longtime advisor and friend. He was a personal witness to many of Chinmoy's spectacular acts of strength, and from 1999 he acted several times as a moderator at Chinmoy's weightlifting performances. Because Chinmoy's lifting techniques from a special bracket or on calf lifting machines were difficult to compare to traditional weightlifting techniques, Bill Pearl inspired Chinmoy to lift people, animals and objects to make performance more understandable.

The German press agency DPA reported that Chinmoy lifted a yacht in New York in November 2004 with the Olympic champion Brigitte McMahon on board, a total weight of 2250 kilograms. His work consisted in lifting the platform, which was attached to a lifting arm, on which the yacht and McMahon were stored, a little higher for a moment with his own strength. According to the DPA, he also moved up three elephants in the same way, on which the Olympic champions Carl Lewis , Rita Koban and Tatiana Romanovna Lebedewa were sitting. The spiritual master wanted to show that the body alone has its limits, but that it can achieve enormous things together with mental power.

"Honorable feats of strength"

Chinmoy paid tribute to over 8,000 people with his “Uplifting the World with a Heart of Oneness” program. As a symbolic expression of his thanks and his recognition of their respective contributions to the benefit of mankind, he lifted the honorees with one arm with the help of a platform above their heads, including Nelson Mandela, Archbishop Desmond Tutu , Yoko Ono and Richard Gere .

Humanitarian engagement

In 1990/1991 the humanitarian commitment of the Sri Chinmoy Centers began with three relief supplies convoys from Germany to Moscow. Chinmoy named the aid organization "The Oneness-Heart-Tears and Smiles". At the request of Chinmoy's friend Ibrahim Gambari, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan's Special Advisor for Africa and Under-Secretary - General for Political Affairs to the United Nations, the organization sent aid supplies to Angola, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau and Rwanda. Further aid deliveries went to South Africa, India and Indonesia. The aid organization also started the “Kids-to-Kids” initiative, in which schools send donated teaching material to partner schools in other countries and children send drawings or parcels to poorer children. “Drawings of Love” was the name of a project for children in Banda Aceh who were orphaned by the December 2004 tsunami. 22,000 school children drew drawings to give hope and love and sent them and small gifts to the orphans in Indonesia.

to teach

Chinmoy is mostly seen as the spiritual master of a tradition developed in India over centuries. A spiritual master or guru (Sanskrit word: "He who enlightens") has the ability to facilitate and accelerate the inner spiritual progress of his students. Chinmoy says that he is his students' friend who helps them solve their problems. He also compares the role of a spiritual master to an older brother in a family who shows his younger siblings where their father is. Chinmoy's yoga path includes the path of bhakti yoga , jnana yoga and karma yoga .

Meditation is at the center of Chinmoy's teaching. He instructs his students to meditate several times a day in order to experience more and more and finally lasting joy and lasting inner peace. As the ultimate goal of meditation, he sees God or self-realization - the conscious permanent union with God or the Supreme.

In Chinmoy's experience, God is formless and can be experienced as an infinite expansion of light, bliss, energy, or consciousness. But God could also take the form of a radiant being. Different religions would name God differently but refer to the same being and the same experience. For Chinmoy, self- or God-realization means that one feels God's infinite peace, infinite bliss, power and light in one's inner consciousness and that one has a feeling of complete fulfillment.

Chinmoy calls God “Supreme” in a religiously neutral way and regards his meditation path as a spiritual path and not as a religion . Therefore he does not ask to leave the church or to leave one's own religion. Chinmoy stated that he grew up a Hindu , but through prayer and meditation had overcome the boundaries of any religion. Only his sincere love for God remained.

He asks his disciples to meditate on the heart, the abode of the soul , and to listen to the instructions of their soul. This is how you make real progress. Therefore he calls his spiritual path the path of the heart. True messages of the soul, which come from God the inner guide, can be recognized by the inner joy and satisfaction that one feels when receiving the message. This joy, inner strength and serenity can be felt, regardless of whether the result of the instructions given by the soul or the inner guide is success or failure. Chinmoy explains that a master can convey messages from God to students who have faith in him, but that the real teacher is God himself, who works through a master.

When asked by a reporter how he would describe his philosophy in one sentence, he replied on January 3, 1998 in Guatemala City:

"Our philosophy is the acceptance of life for the transformation of life and also for the manifestation of God's Light here on earth, at God's choice Hour, in God's own Way."

"Our philosophy is to accept life, with the aim of transforming it and manifesting God's light here on earth at God's own hour, in God's own way."

- Sri Chinmoy

In order to achieve the goal of realization or enlightenment, Chinmoy teaches his students according to the knowledge and philosophy of yoga to eat a vegetarian diet, because meat and fish transmit the restless animal consciousness and are detrimental to spiritual development. He also instructs his students to refrain from nicotine, alcohol and other drugs because they damage the spiritual nerves and to lead a pure and sexually abstinent life. Chinmoy explains the necessity of sexual abstinence for self-realization by saying that man can only achieve his oneness with God after he has given up all his attachments to the earth and to man. Once a person has truly fulfilling inner experiences, he will see the difference between physical pleasures and the sublime joy of being one with God. But he warns against suppressing sexual needs, as this harms your body and mind, and slowly but surely developing abstinence in feelings and thoughts. As the spiritual life progresses, the sexual need automatically decreases. He recommends married students not to abstain from physical celibacy immediately, but to gradually but surely work their way through it.

Chinmoy guides his meditation students to create a spiritual life in the middle of everyday life, which should be shaped by the ideals of the lifestyle of the monks and nuns. His demands on his meditation students did not exceed the usual level. He sees his goal in leading his students to enlightenment on the fastest possible path, which according to his knowledge is possible by following the above-mentioned spiritual knowledge. If a meditation student was unwilling to observe these principles, Chinmoy would usually exclude them from his group. However, there was the possibility of asking for a resumption after a period of reflection.

Way of life and organization

At the meditation meetings and in the daily meditation at home, Chinmoy's students concentrate on a black and white photograph, starting from the spiritual heart, showing Chinmoy's face, while he said he was completely one with the Supreme (God) in his consciousness in deep meditation. Chinmoy calls this photograph "Transcendental Image". Meditating on this picture is about identifying with the consciousness in which the spiritual teacher is, and not about focusing on Chinmoy's human personality. Chinmoy explains that for his students who have faith in him, this will provide the best form of meditation. At the weekly meditation meetings, shoes are taken off in front of the meditation room. The men wear white clothes and the women colorful Indian saris to create a pure atmosphere. Experience has shown that this is an aid to be able to receive something more in meditation. Most of the time, students enter and leave the Sri Chinmoy Center in civilian clothes.

Chinmoy recommends that his meditation students either work or get an education. Devotional work is the prayer of the body. He did not found an ashram, but the most important organizational unit is a "center", a meditation group with a leader that has rented rooms for common meditation. The members of the Sri Chinmoy Centers finance their center as well as larger joint projects themselves through voluntary contributions - a fixed membership fee is not charged. Some meditation students have set up privately owned companies that mainly employ Chinmoy students. The net profit goes to the owner, who decides for himself which projects and with what amount he wants to support the movement. Chinmoy made a living from selling his books and records and lived modestly. Those interested in Chinmoy's meditation path usually come into contact with the Sri Chinmoy centers through posters and handouts for the free lectures and meditation courses.

Awards

Chinmoy has received various awards, including the 1998 “Pilgrims of Peace” award from the “Assisi International Center for Peace Between Nations”, which was also given to Mother Teresa and Mikhail Gorbachev , and in October 1994 the “Mahatma Gandhi Universal Harmony Award” “ Of the American branch of the leading Indian cultural institute Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, which was also awarded to Coretta Scott King , the wife of Martin Luther King . In 2002 the Jesse Owens Foundation in Chicago presented him with the Humanitarian Service Award, a prize for his service to humanity. For his work as head of peace meditations for delegates and employees at the UN, he received the United Nations silver medallion on July 16, 1976. The asteroid (4429) Chinmoy , discovered on September 12, 1978, has been named after him since 1994. On August 27, 1997, the international magazine "Hinduism Today" presented Chinmoy with the "Hindu Renaissance Award", an award for the fact that the yoga he teaches is fundamentally traditional and progressively modern, dynamic Hindu and decidedly universal.

criticism

Criticism of Chinmoy comes from the worldview commissioners of the churches, affected initiatives and their umbrella organizations as well as from some former meditation students and occasionally from the media.

The Higher Administrative Court of North Rhine-Westphalia did not see sufficient evidence in 1995 that would have justified a restriction of the inapplicability of religious freedom because of a risk to the members (Az .: 5 B 71/94). Among them, for example, the charge made by Weltanschauung commissioner Gandow that Chinmoy's students are obliged to meditate to the point of physical and mental exhaustion. Further allegations, such as that of a totalitarian structure and radical demarcation by Pastor Keden, as well as limitation of judgment and disturbance of self-confidence through belonging to the Sri Chinmoy movement, were also rejected. The judgment states that an interference with the right to freedom of belief (Article 4 of the Basic Law) does not provide any justifying evidence for a justified suspicion of danger. With the court ruling, the Federal Ministry for Family, Seniors, Women and Youth was instructed not to include the Sri Chinmoy movement in the intended publication “So-called youth sects and psychogroups in the Federal Republic of Germany”. The ruling also states that the statements made by persons directly (e.g. former meditation students of Chinmoy and their relatives) and indirectly (e.g. ideological representatives of the churches) who were presented in the court proceedings are not suitable, to prove a sufficient suspicion of danger.

Publications (selection)

  • Sri Chinmoy: Meditation - Human perfection in divine fulfillment . 10th edition. Translated from the English by Kailash Beyer. The Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH, Nuremberg 2006, ISBN 3-89532-005-6 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: The Wisdom of Sri Chinmoy . 1st edition. Translated from the English by Annett Paul and Vasanti Niemz. The Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH, Nuremberg 2008. Volume 1, ISBN 978-3-89532-193-1 . Volume 2, ISBN 978-3-89532-194-8 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavadgita . Translated from the English by Franz Dam. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-7205-3004-0 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: Waving of Joy . 3. Edition. Translated from the English by Vasanti Niemz and Uwe Reinhard. The Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH, Nuremberg 2006, ISBN 3-89532-032-3 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: The Garland of the Souls of Nations. Sri Chinmoy's Addresses to the United Nations . 1st edition. Translated from the English by Sushuti Siffert, Vasanti Niemz and Pratul Halper. The Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH, Nuremberg 2007. Volume 1, ISBN 978-3-89532-168-9 . Volume 2, ISBN 978-3-89532-169-6 . Volume 3, ISBN 978-3-89532-170-2 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: Yoga and the Spiritual Life . 4th edition. Translated from the English by Kailash Beyer. The Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH, Nuremberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89532-006-4 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: Samadhi and Siddhi . 3. Edition. Translated from the English by Kailash Beyer. The Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH, Nuremberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89532-111-5 .
  • Sri Chinmoy: Sport & Meditation . Translated from the English by H. Heer, K. Misani, V. Niemz. Sri Chinmoy Verlag, Zurich 1990, ISBN 3-7261-0021-0 .
  • Chinmoy's bibliography of 1594 books

literature

  • Horst Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. Dissertation to obtain the academic degree "Doctor of Theology" at the Institute for Religious Studies of the Karl-Franzens University, Graz 1998.
  • Shyam Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Tiny Tot Publications, India 2005.
    • dt. The luminous life of Sri Chinmoy. 2nd Edition. Translated from the English by Vasanti Niemz. Authorized biography. The Golden Shore, Nuremberg 2009, ISBN 3-89532-121-4 .

Web links

Commons : Sri Chinmoy  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files
Wikiquote: Sri Chinmoy  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sri Chinmoy is the name under which the Guru has taught, published and composed since about 1972 (see published works). He was previously known as Chinmoy Kumar Ghose (UN, New York Times November 8, 1971). He signed most of his paintings and drawings with "CKG" (Jharna-Kala Magazin 1.1 (April-June 1977)).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Corey Kilgannon: Sri Chinmoy, Athletic Spiritual Leader, Dies at 76. In: The New York Times , October 13, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Hubert Beck: The big book of the ultramarathon / Page: 110–113. In: Copress Verlag. 2013, accessed June 10, 2014 .
  4. ↑ a b c Ethan Rouen, Leo Standora: Sri Chinmoy, spiritual leader, dies in Queens. In: Daily News . October 12, 2007, accessed June 2, 2014 .
  5. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . PhD thesis 1998, pp. 32–38.
  6. ↑ a b Sri Chinmoy: Sri Chinmoy Answers, Part 23. Mrs. Tripathi: What was it that drew you ...? . Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
  7. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . PhD thesis 1998, pp. 32 + 41.
  8. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Sri Chinmoy Answers, Part 6. Is It Best That A Spiritual ...? . Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
  9. ↑ a b c d e Rupert Cornwell: Sri Chinmoy Spiritual leader and peace activist. In: The Independent . October 17, 2007, accessed June 3, 2014 .
  10. ^ A b Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . PhD thesis 1998, pp. 35 + 42f.
  11. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 40f.
  12. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 52.
  13. ^ A b Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 46.
  14. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: My Rose Petals, Part 1. Love, Devotion And Surrender. Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
  15. ^ A b Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 249.
  16. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: My Rose Petals, Part 2. Spiritual Strength. Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
  17. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: My Rose Petals. Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
  18. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 45.
  19. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 78.
  20. ^ Press Trust of India : UN pays tribute to spiritual guru Sri Chinmoy. November 1, 2007.
  21. ↑ Daw Aye Aye Thant . SriChinmoy.org . Website authorized by Sri Chinmoy about his work. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
  22. ^ A b Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 61.
  23. ↑ a b Debbe Geiger, Many religions one purpose, New York Newsday, June 23, 2004
  24. ^ Carl Lewis and Jeffrey Marx: One More Victory Lap. In: Athletics International , Santa Monica, 1996, p. 161. ISBN 0-88497-005-1 .
  25. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 8.
  26. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. Doctoral thesis 1998, pp. 171–173.
  27. ↑ a b c d Hinduism Today: Hindu of the Year. Magazine Archives, December 1997 . Hinduism Today magazine website . Retrieved March 12, 2010.
  28. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: World-Destruction: Never, Impossible !, Part 1. What Is Your Opinion Of Those Religious ... Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
  29. ↑ Stefan Idel and Markus Resenski: fire of friendship Wall School . Nordwestzeitung , Oldenburger Kreiszeitung edition, May 24, 2008, p. 33.
  30. ^ Sri Chinmoy's Opening Meditation of the 1993 Parliament. In: World Parliament of Religions . April 10, 2013, archived from the original ; accessed on May 13, 2014 .
  31. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: World Destruction: Never, Impossible !, Part 1. What Has To Prevail In religion ... . Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
  32. ↑ a b c Sri Chinmoy Bibliography. In: srichinmoy.org. Archived from the original ; Retrieved June 12, 2014 .
  33. ↑ World record in composing songs . Ostthüringer Zeitung , July 29, 2006, Human Interest.
  34. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Music CD: Peace: God's Beauty in His Oneness-Heart. ( Memento of the original from August 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website of the Golden Shore Verlagsges.mbH. Retrieved January 8, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.goldenshore.de
  35. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy . Authorized biography. German edition 2009, pp. 55–58.
  36. ↑ Upasana: Sri Chinmoy in Concert . Sri Chinmoy Centers website. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  37. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. Doctoral thesis 1998, pp. 215-218.
  38. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 219.
  39. ↑ Upasana: Literature . Sri Chinmoy Centers website. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  40. ↑ SriChinmoyLibrary.com . Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  41. ↑ SriChinmoyBooks.com . Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  42. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavadgita. . Published by Diederichs Verlag. February 2007. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
  43. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Wings of Joy . Published by Simon & Schuster Verlag. January 1997. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  44. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 60f.
  45. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 218f.
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  47. ↑ German press agency : Chinmoy's painted birds of peace. In: Ruhrnachrichten , January 17, 1994.
  48. ↑ Comments . Website of the Sri Chinmoy Center eV with reports about the work of Sri Chinmoy. Retrieved March 11, 2010.
  49. ↑ Alexandra Shaw: 70,000 Soul Bird Flights by Sri Chinmoy . US magazine Manhattan Arts , Sept-Oct. 1993, p. 25.
  50. ↑ Katie Baker: Out Of The Chaos Of Difference, Harmony. In: Newsweek , August 30, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  51. ↑ Don Thomas: Peace-Bird Exhibit: Sri Chinmoy Creates Bird-Scapes For Peace. ( Memento of May 16, 2011 on the Internet Archive ) In: The New York Beacon , September 8, 2000. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  52. ↑ peacerun.org in June 2013. Accessed June 24, 2013
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  54. ↑ Franz Danninger: Walking with torches for peace. In: Passauer Neue Presse . July 13, 2007.
  55. ↑ Robert McG. Thomas Jr. and Samuel Abt: One More Time: A Torch Relay. In: New York Times . April 22, 2007, accessed May 15, 2014 .
  56. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 20.
  57. ↑ Hubert Beck: The big book of the Ultramarathon 2nd edition, Copress Verlag, 2015, ISBN 978-3-7679-1193-2 , pp. 180-183, 246-253, 312-331
  58. ↑ a b Sri Chinmoy 1931-2007. In: Australian Ultra Runners Association Inc. 2007, archived from the original ; Retrieved June 4, 2014 .
  59. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, pp. 65–67.
  60. ↑ a b SriChinmoyRaces.org . Website with running events of the international Sri Chinmoy Marathon team. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  61. ↑ Harry A. Arndt: Harry A. Arndt, long-time president of the German Ultramarathon Association. Website of the Sri Chinmoy Center eV with reports about the work of Sri Chinmoy. Retrieved February 6, 2010.
  62. ↑ Brief messages . Online archive of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , August 12, 2006. Retrieved January 11, 2010.
  63. ^ Christian Bleher: Runner relay came to Munich . In Süddeutsche Zeitung , 10./11. June 1989, p. 19.
  64. ↑ Susanne Loacker: Ultra Sport, 24-hour run in Basel. In Fit for Life , Swiss specialist magazine for endurance sports, June 2006, p. 42.
  65. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Sri Chinmoy Answers, Part 29. John Hanc: One Last Question — when Talking To ... Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
  66. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 207.
  67. ^ Sri Chinmoy: The Vision-Sky Of California. Self-transcendence. Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved February 6, 2010.
  68. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . PhD thesis 1998, p. 206.
  69. ↑ Bill Pearl: Beyond the Universe - The Bill Pearl Story. 3. Edition. Bill Pearl Enterprises, 2003, ISBN 0-88497-048-5 , pp. 189-195
  70. ↑ German Press Agency : The heart does not accept obstacles. Berliner Zeitung , November 15, 2004, p. 8.
  71. ↑ German press agency : Sri Chinmoy lifts three elephants. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , November 15, 2004, p. 8.
  72. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy . Authorized biography. German edition 2009, p. 71.
  73. ↑ Jens Lehnert: Medical devices on the way to Ghana. In: Thüringer Allgemeine , June 15, 2004, Apolda.
  74. ^ Dua: The Luminous Life of Sri Chinmoy. Authorized biography. German edition 2009, pp. 127–131.
  75. ↑ mat: The donations are on the spot Münchner Merkur , January 22, 1992, Munich district, p. 2.
  76. ↑ Jessica Vayda: Children paint for tsunami victims. Münchner Merkur , March 3, 2006, Munich.
  77. ↑ Drawings of love for children in Indonesia ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the aid organization The Oneness-Heart-Tears and Smiles . Retrieved January 13, 2010.
  78. ^ Drawings of Love . Sri Chinmoy Centers website . Retrieved January 13, 2010.
  79. ^ A b c Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . PhD thesis 1998, p. 113f.
  80. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Guru: Your private teacher. In Meditation - Human Perfection in Divine Fulfillment , p. 258f.
  81. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area. PhD thesis 1998, p. 103.
  82. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Realization-Soul And Manifestation-Goal. What Path Of Yoga ...? Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved February 2, 2010.
  83. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . Doctoral thesis 1998, pp. 171–173.
  84. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Why do we meditate? . In Meditation - Human Perfection in Divine Fulfillment , p. 10.
  85. ^ Hüttl: The Sri Chinmoy movement in the German-speaking area . PhD thesis 1998, pp. 168–170.
  86. ↑ a b Sri Chinmoy: The Wisdom of Sri Chinmoy, Part 1 . 2008, pp. 126f + 133.
  87. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: World Destruction: Never, Impossible !, Part 1. Your Disciples Have Come To You From ... . Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
  88. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Wisdom of Sri Chinmoy, Part 1 . 2008, p. 149.
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  94. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Jewel Of Humility. Nac: Most Of Our Minds Are So ... ( Memento from February 3, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ). Sri Chinmoy's literature online. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
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  108. ^ Mary Cameron Frey: How does Medici garden grow? . In: Chicago Sun-Times , Jan. 8, 2003, p. 52.
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  110. ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 23351
  111. ↑ 10th Chamber of the Cologne Administrative Court : Court judgment 10 L 2331/93, 20 . December 1993, p. 8
  112. ^ Higher Administrative Court for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia: Court judgment 5 B 71/94 (PDF; 42 kB), August 1, 1995. SriChinmoyErfahrungsberichte.com . Website of the Sri Chinmoy Center eV with reports about the work of Sri Chinmoy. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
  113. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Wisdom of Sri Chinmoy (eng). In: Shri Jainendra Press. Retrieved June 12, 2014 .
  114. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Garland Of Nation-Souls (eng). In: srichinmoylibrary.com. 1972, accessed June 18, 2014 .
  115. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: Yoga And The Spiritual Life. (closely). In: srichinmoylibrary.com. Archived from the original ; Retrieved June 18, 2014 .
  116. ↑ Sri Chinmoy: The Summits Of God-Life: Samadhi And Siddhi. In: Agni Press. 1974, accessed June 12, 2014 .
personal data
SURNAME Chinmoy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kumar Ghose, Chinmoy; Chinmoy, Sri
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Indian spiritual teacher, philosopher and guru
DATE OF BIRTH August 27, 1931
PLACE OF BIRTH Shakpura , British India
DATE OF DEATH October 11, 2007
Place of death New York City , New York , United States